Atmospheric S and N deposition relates to increasing riverine transport of S and N in southwest China: Implications for soil acidification

2016 ◽  
Vol 218 ◽  
pp. 1191-1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Duan ◽  
Xiao Chen ◽  
Xiaoxiao Ma ◽  
Bin Zhao ◽  
Thorjørn Larssen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Acidification ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Riverine Transport

scholarly journals Linking Soil Acidity to P Fractions and Exchangeable Base Cations under Increased N and P Fertilization of Mono and Mixed Plantations in Northeast China

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1274
Author(s):  
Nowsherwan Zarif ◽  
Attaullah Khan ◽  
Qingcheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Acidification ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Base Cations ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
P Availability ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
P Addition

Atmospheric N deposition is increasing worldwide, especially in China, significantly affecting soil health, i.e., increasing soil acidification. The northern region of China is considered to be one of the N deposition points in Asia, ranging from 28.5 to 100.4 N ha−1yr−1. Phosphorus (P) is the limiting factor in the temperate ecosystem and an important factor that makes the ecosystem more susceptible to N-derived acidification. However, it remained poorly understood how the soil acidification process affects soil P availability and base cations in the temperate region to increased N deposition. To address this question, in May 2019, a factorial experiment was conducted under N and P additions with different plantations in Maoershan Experimental Forest Farm, Northeast China, considering species and fertilization as variables. The effective acidity (EA) increased by N and NP fertilizations but was not significantly affected by P fertilization. Similarly, the pH, base saturation percentage (BS%), calcium (Ca2+), and magnesium (Mg2+) were decreased under N addition, while the Al:Ca ratio increased, whereas NaHCO3 inorganic phosphorus (Pi) and NaOH organic phosphorus (Po) significantly decreased under N enrichments. However, NaOH Pi increased in N-enriched plots, while H2O Pi and NaHCO3 Pi increased under the P addition. Thus, the results suggest that the availability of N triggers the P dynamics by increasing the P uptake by trees. The decrease in base cations, Ca2+, and Mg2+ and increase in exchangeable Fe3+ and Al3+ ions are mainly responsible for soil acidification and lead to the depletion of soil nutrients, which, ultimately, affects the vitality and health of forests, while the P addition showed a buffering effect but could not help to mitigate the soil acidity.

scholarly journals Impacts of enhanced nitrogen deposition and soil acidification on biomass production and nitrogen leaching in Chinese fir plantations

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan A. Blanco ◽  
Xiaohua Wei ◽  
Hong Jiang ◽  
Cheng-Yue Jie ◽  
Zan-Hong Xin
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Atmospheric Pollution ◽  
Soil Acidification ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
N Leaching ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Pollution Effects ◽  
Deposition Rates

Atmospheric pollution levels in China are increasing quickly. Experience from other polluted regions shows that tree growth could be affected, but long-term effects of N deposition and soil acidification on Chinese forests remain mostly unknown. Soil acidification and N deposition were simulated for Chinese fir ( Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.) plantations managed for three consecutive 20-year rotations in southeastern China. A factorial experiment combined four rain pH levels (2.5, 4.0, 5.6, and 7.0), four N deposition rates (1, 7.5, 15, and 30 kg N·ha–1·year–1), and two site qualities (poor and rich). Results indicate that atmospheric pollution effects are not immediate, but after one to two rotations, soil acidification effects could reduce ecosystem C pools significantly (–25% and –11% in poor and rich sites, respectively). N deposition rates above 15 kg N·ha–1·year–1 could offset some of the negative effects of soil acidification and lead to more ecosystem C (19 and 28 Mg C·ha–1 more in poor and rich sites, respectively, than in low N deposition). However, at high N deposition rates (>15 kg N·ha–1·year–1), N leaching losses could greatly increase, reaching 75 kg N·ha–1·year–1. Moderate N deposition could increase tree biomass production and soil organic mass, resulting in increased ecosystem C, but these gains could be associated with important N leaching. Atmospheric pollution could also result in the long term in nutrient imbalances and additional ecological issues (i.e., biodiversity loss, eutrophication, etc.) not studied here.

scholarly journals Calculation of Theoretical and Empirical Nutrient N Critical Loads in the Mixed Conifer Ecosystems of Southern California

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 198-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Breiner ◽  
Benjamin S. Gimeno ◽  
Mark Fenn
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
Soil Acidification ◽  
Critical Loads ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Conifer Forest ◽  
Mixed Conifer ◽  
Mixed Conifer Forest ◽  
N Fertility

Edaphic, foliar, and hydrologic forest nutrient status indicators from 15 mixed conifer forest stands in the Sierra Nevada, San Gabriel Mountains, and San Bernardino National Forest were used to estimate empirical or theoretical critical loads (CL) for nitrogen (N) as a nutrient. Soil acidification response to N deposition was also evaluated. Robust empirical relationships were found relating N deposition to plant N uptake (N in foliage), N fertility (litter C/N ratio), and soil acidification. However, no consistent empirical CL were obtained when the thresholds for parameters indicative of N excess from other types of ecosystems were used. Similarly, the highest theoretical CL for nutrient N calculated using the simple mass balance steady state model (estimates ranging from 1.4–8.8 kg N/ha/year) was approximately two times lower than the empirical observations. Further research is needed to derive the thresholds for indicators associated with the impairment of these mixed conifer forests exposed to chronic N deposition within a Mediterranean climate. Further development or parameterization of models for the calculation of theoretical critical loads suitable for these ecosystems will also be an important aspect of future critical loads research.

Nitrogen and Phosphorus Related Hydrolytic Enzyme Activities Influenced by N Deposition under Semi-Arid Grassland Soil

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 3847-3854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang Na Zhang ◽  
Zhen Hua Chen ◽  
Ai Ming Zhang ◽  
Li Jun Chen ◽  
Zhi Jie Wu
Keyword(s):  
Soil Acidification ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzyme ◽  
Northern China ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Grassland Soil ◽  
Soil Nitrification ◽  
N And P Cycling ◽  
Semi Arid

Eight enzyme activities involved in N and P cycling and soil basic properties influenced by four years of nitrogen (N) deposition were investigated under a semi-arid grassland soil, Northern China. Results showed that N addition into soil could cause soil acidification significantly. Inorganic dissolved N (NH4+N and NO3N) concentration increased significantly while Olsen-P concentration changed slowly with simulating N deposition. Soil nitrification potential, protease, nitrate reductase, and phosphodiesterase activities were repressed by higher rate of N deposition caused by higher NH4+concentration or soil acidification. Soil alkaline phosphomonoesterase activities correlated positively with soil pyrophosphatase activities due to the microbial origin of alkaline phosphatase and pyrophosphate. Positive correlation of acid phosphomonoesterase activities and soil TC was also observed in the study.

scholarly journals How mycorrhizas can help forests to cope with ongoing climate change?

2021 ◽  
Vol 145 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 279-286
Author(s):  
Marina Milović ◽  
Marko Kebert ◽  
Saša Orlović
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Soil Acidification ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Ecosystem Fragmentation ◽  
The Stability

The ongoing climate change have multi-faceted effects not only on metabolism of plants, but also on the soil properties and mycorrhizal fungal community. Under climate change the stability of the entire forest ecosystems and the carbon balance depend to a large degree on the interactions between trees and mycorrhizal fungi. The main drivers of climate change are CO<sub>2</sub> enrichment, temperature rise, altered precipitation patterns, increased N deposition, soil acidification and pollutants, ecosystem fragmentation and habitat loss, and biotic invasion. These drivers can impact mycorrhizal community directly and indirectly. We discussed the influence of each driver on mycorrhizal community and outlined how mycorrhizas play an important role in the resilience and recovery of forest ecosystems under climate change, by mitigating detrimental effects of CO<sub>2</sub> enrichment, temperature rise, drought, lack of nutrients, soil acidification, pollutants, pests, and diseases. Conservation of the overall biodiversity in forest ecosystems as well as providing the most favourable conditions for the development of mycorrhizae can contribute to increasing the resilience of forest ecosystems to climate change.

Soil acidification and its influencing factors in the purple hilly area of southwest China from 1981 to 2012

CATENA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 278-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiquan Li ◽  
Shan Li ◽  
Yi Xiao ◽  
Bin Zhao ◽  
Changquan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Soil Acidification ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Hilly Area

Responses of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to nitrogen addition: a meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunfeng Han ◽  
Biao Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Soil Acidification ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
P Availability ◽  
N Addition ◽  
Available N ◽  
Plant P Uptake

&lt;p&gt;Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi play many important roles in terrestrial ecosystems. The effects of increasing nitrogen (N) deposition on AM fungi will inevitably affect many important ecosystem processes. However, our quantitative understanding on the generalizable patterns of how N deposition affects AM fungi at the global scale remains unclear.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We conducted a meta-analysis of 431 observations from 111 publications to investigate the responses of AM fungi to N addition, including abundance, richness and diversity, and explored the mechanisms of N addition affecting AM fungi by trait-based guilds method.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Results showed that N addition had strong negative effects on AM fungal abundance and richness, and different AM fungal guilds showed different responses to N addition: the rhizophilic guild significantly decreased under N addition, while the edaphophilic guild increased (but with much variability) under N addition. Further analysis showed that N addition affects AM fungi mainly by causing soil acidification and increasing soil available N. Specifically, soil acidification had a negative effect on both the rhizophilic and edaphophilic AM fungi and increased soil available N mainly negatively affect the edaphophilic AM fungi. Moreover, the response of AM fungi to N addition was also affected by the shifts in plant carbon (C) allocation caused by soil phosphorus (P) availability.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This synthesis highlights that trait-based AM fungal guilds as well as taking soil P and C from host plants into consideration can improve our understanding of dynamics of AM fungal communities under increasing N deposition. This would further enable better predictions of the functional consequences of changes in AM fungal communities such as impacts on soil organic C dynamics, plant P uptake and plant diversity.&lt;/p&gt;

Using species distribution modeling to improve conservation of medicinal plants in Southwest China

Planta Medica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S1-S381
Author(s):  
B Liu ◽  
F Li ◽  
Z Guo ◽  
L Hong ◽  
W Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Species Distribution Modeling ◽  
Distribution Modeling
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