Distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls, phthalic acid esters, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organochlorine substances in the Moscow River, Russia

2016 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 409-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Eremina ◽  
Albrecht Paschke ◽  
Elena A. Mazlova ◽  
Gerrit Schüürmann
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
Phthalic Acid Esters ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Acid Esters ◽  
Moscow River

Ultrasonic Wave Extraction and Simultaneous Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Phthalic Esters in Soil

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 1555-1559
Author(s):  
Yong Tao Zhang ◽  
Guo Xing Zhao ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Xiao Ya Li ◽  
Jian Ye Gui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Soil Sample ◽  
Ultrasonic Wave ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Phthalic Acid Esters ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Acid Esters

A method was developed for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Phthalic Acid Esters (PAEs) in soil sample. Ultrasonic Wave Extraction under airtight circumstance was adopted to extract the analyte in soil sample with n-hexane acetone (V:V=1:1) to be extraction solvent. This method has advantages of high efficiency extraction, short time, convenience and simplicity, which can be popularized in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Phthalic Acid Esters (PAEs) detection in soil.

Investigation of the Presence and Possible Migration from Microplastics of Phthalic Acid Esters and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Kida ◽  
Piotr Koszelnik
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Water Policy ◽  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
Hazardous Substance ◽  
Phthalic Acid Esters ◽  
Effective Removal ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Acid Esters

Abstract The work detailed here examined the presence and possibility of leaching of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from various products in everyday use. Due to the complicated matrix, which is plastic, extraction parameters should be selected separately each time. The properties of both the extractant and the material selected for testing should also be taken into account, which is very difficult in practice. In addition, when designing new methods, it is particularly important to take into account the principles of green chemistry so as not to burden the environment additionally. For this purpose, it is important to know the factors that affect the extraction of impurities. Therefore, the main objective was to assess the impact of selected environmental conditions on the process by which such pollutants in plastics like polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), polypropylene (PP) and rubber migrate. Analysis inter alia addressed the impacts of type of plastic, migration time, temperature and microplastic particle size. It proved possible to note the presence in PVC and rubber of both PAEs and PAHs—as substances posing a particular threat to the environment. One of the former is the commonly-used plasticiser di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a listed priority hazardous substance under the provisions of Directive 2013/39/EU as regards priority substances in the field of water policy. As monitoring of this substance in the environment indicates amounts that are increasing steadily, the design of effective removal methods needs to start with initial estimates of amounts appearing in the environment over time. Main sources need to be explored, albeit in the certain knowledge that the ubiquitous microplastics are among these, inter alia as influenced by elution mechanisms. An attempt was also made to identify and characterise other auxiliary substances added to plastics as they are being produced. Indeed, chromatograms and GC/MS spectra suggest leaching of many other plastic substances. Relationships between eluted pollutants were also sought.

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