In situ transformations of fine lead oxide particles in different soils

2007 ◽  
Vol 145 (2) ◽  
pp. 554-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Birkefeld ◽  
Rainer Schulin ◽  
Bernd Nowack
Keyword(s):  
Lead Oxide ◽  
Oxide Particles ◽  
Different Soils

scholarly journals In-Situ Thin Film Growth of PbTiO3 By Multi Target Sputtering

1994 ◽  
Vol 341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Maeder ◽  
Paul Muralt
Keyword(s):  
Lead Oxide ◽  
Film Growth ◽  
Sputter Deposition ◽  
Dielectric Constants ◽  
Thin Film Growth ◽  
Film Morphology ◽  
Reactive Sputter Deposition ◽  
Pt Electrodes ◽  
Oxide Flux

AbstractThe in-situ reactive sputter deposition of PbTiO3 on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si from two metallic targets was investigated. A minimal lead oxide flux of two to three times the titanium oxide flux is needed in order to obtain stoichiometric films with the perovskite structure. For higher fluxes, the Pb/Ti ratio in the film stays at the stoichiometric value 1; the orientation changes from random to <100>; and the film morphology transforms from a rough to a smooth polycrystalline film. The obtained dielectric constants vary between 40 and 150, the losses between 2 and 4 % (10 kHz). The method could be extended to PbZrxTi1-xO3 for x ≤0.7. The orientation is lost when the Pt electrodes are replaced by RuO2 electrodes.

Direct observation of microstructural evolution in Li battery cathode oxide particles during electrochemical cycling by in situ electron microscopy

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1108-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Miller ◽  
C. Proff ◽  
J. Wen ◽  
D. Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Microstructural Evolution ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
In Situ Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electrochemical Cycling ◽  
Li Battery ◽  
Oxide Particles

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2012 in Phoenix, Arizona, USA, July 29 – August 2, 2012.

scholarly journals Combined in Situ Zymography, Immunofluorescence, and Staining of Iron Oxide Particles in Paraffin-Embedded, Zinc-Fixed Tissue Sections

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 7290.2011.00055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eyk Schellenberger ◽  
Akvile Haeckel ◽  
Lena Schoenzart ◽  
Franziska Appler ◽  
Joerg Schnorr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Iron Oxide Particles ◽  
Fixed Tissue ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Oxide Particles ◽  
In Situ Zymography

High-Temperature In Situ Straining Experiments in the High-Voltage Electron Microscope

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Messerschmidt ◽  
Dietmar Baither ◽  
Martin Bartsch ◽  
Bernd Baufeld ◽  
Bert Geyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Oxide Dispersion Strengthened ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
Dislocation Plasticity ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Macroscopic Deformation ◽  
Oxide Particles ◽  
Short Time

Design rules are described here for high-temperature straining stages for transmission electron microscopy. Temperatures above 1000°C can be attained by electron bombardment of the specimen grips. Thermal equilibrium can be reached in a short time by carrying off the heat by water cooling. Some applications of this stage are described. Ferroelastic deformation was observed at 1150°C in t′ and partially stabilized zirconia, which changes the microstructure for successive dislocation plasticity. In the oxide-dispersion-strengthened alloy INCOLOY MA 956, dislocations are impeded by oxide particles and move smoothly between the particles. At high temperatures, both the resting and traveling times control the average dislocation velocity. In MoSi2 single crystals of a soft orientation, dislocations with 1/2〈111〉 Burgers vectors are created in localized sources and move on {110} planes in a viscous manner. The dislocations in Al-Pd-Mn single quasicrystals are oriented in preferred crystallographic directions and move in a viscous way as well. On the basis of in situ observations, conclusions are drawn for interpreting macroscopic deformation behavior at high temperatures.

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