Can we predict uranium bioavailability based on soil parameters? Part 2: Soil solution uranium concentration is not a good bioavailability index

2007 ◽  
Vol 145 (2) ◽  
pp. 577-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Vandenhove ◽  
M. Van Hees ◽  
J. Wannijn ◽  
K. Wouters ◽  
L. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Solution ◽  
Uranium Concentration ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Bioavailability Index

scholarly journals Evaluation of radioactivity of cereals and legumes using a nuclear impact detector CN-85

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (38) ◽  
pp. 139-146
Author(s):  
Asmaa Ahmad Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Soil Solution ◽  
International Atomic Energy Agency ◽  
Uranium Concentration ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Yellow Corn ◽  
Nuclear Effects ◽  
Impact Detector

The research aims to evaluate the radioactivity in elected samples of cereals and legume which are wide human consumption in Iraq using Nuclear Track Detectors (NTDs) model CN-85.The samples were prepared scientifically according to references in this field. After 150 days of exposure, the detector were collected and chemically treated according to scientific sources (etching chemical), nuclear effects have been calculated using the optical microscope.Radon (222Rn) concentration and uranium (238U) were calculated in unit Bq/m3 and (ppm), the results indicate that the highest concentration of radon and uranium was in yellow corn where the concentration of radon was 137.17×102 Bq/m3 and uranium concentration 2.63 (ppm). The lowest concentration of radon and uranium was in Oats, where the concentration of radon was 24.27×102 Bq/m3, and uranium concentration 0.466 (ppm), concentrations of other cereals and legumes varied between these two values. These different in radon and uranium concentrations due to different in geological nature of the different agricultural soils, and the different absorption of plant roots for certain elements present in the soil solution. These values for the concentration of radon and uranium for cereals and legumes are within the permitted globally and as issued by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).

Responses of red spruce seedlings to changes in soil aluminum in six amended forest soil horizons

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 1614-1623 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Devereux Joslin ◽  
Mark H. Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Soil Solution ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Red Spruce ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Soil Horizons ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Soil Aluminum ◽  
Extractable Al

A greenhouse pot study was conducted to develop response curves for red spruce (Picearubens Sarg.) seedlings to soil aluminum parameters, using soil from six diverse forest soil horizons. Soil Al levels were manipulated by varying pH through acidification (with HCl or HCl and CaSO4), liming (with Ca(OH)2), and control treatments. Treatments significantly (p < 0.05) altered soil pH (0.01 M CaCl2), 0.01 M SrCl2-extractable Al, and soil solution Al concentrations. Root biomass and foliar biomass were significantly reduced in most acidification treatments, and strong correlations between soil parameters of Al and biomass responses point to Al as the major cause of biomass reductions, especially in the three horizons where the toxicity threshold (approximately 200 μM inorganic monomeric Al) was markedly exceeded. Soil solution levels of inorganic monomeric Al and total Al (R2 = 0.79 and 0.74, respectively) were superior predictors of root biomass compared with the activity of Al3+ in solution (0.61) and 0.01 M SrCl2-extractable Al (0.61). Plant response curves to these soil solution inorganic monomeric Al concentrations are in agreement with those developed in published research on solution culture of red spruce seedlings. Peak soil solution Al concentrations measured in mature red spruce stands approach toxicity thresholds observed in this study.

scholarly journals Prediction of molybdenum availability to plants in differentiated soil conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 491-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rutkowska Beata ◽  
Szulc Wiesław ◽  
Spychaj-Fabisiak Ewa ◽  
Pior Natalia
Keyword(s):  
Soil Solution ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Displacement Method ◽  
Soil Solutions ◽  
Solution Studies ◽  
Positive Correlations

The aim of the study was to assess of plant available molybdenum (Mo) resources in the solutions of soils as well as to evaluate the effects of selected soil properties on changes of the Mo concentration in the soil solution. Sixty-two soil samples were investigated. The soil solutions were obtained by modified vacuum displacement method. The results showed that Mo concentrations in the soil solutions were much differentiated, ranging from 0.002 to approximately 0.100 µmol/L. Positive correlations were found between soil solution Mo concentration and soil pH as well as the contents of available phosphorous and organic carbon in soil. At the same time, Mo concentration was higher in the soil solutions obtained from soils with larger amounts of soil particles with diameter lesser than<br /> 0.02 mm. Among the analysed soil parameters in this study, soil pH is the most important factor that influences the Mo concentration in soil solution. Studies have shown that in acid sandy soils the amount of molybdenum found in the soil solution is too small to cover the nutritional requirements of the plants. This indicates the need of fertilization with this element. Regular liming of soils and fertilization with phosphorus can improve the availability of molybdenum to plants.

Nitrogen dynamics measurements in wetland soils

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kata Horváth-Szabó ◽  
Balázs Grosz ◽  
Marianna Ringer ◽  
Zoltán Szalai
Keyword(s):  
Redox Potential ◽  
Soil Solution ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Nitrogen Forms ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Rooting Zone ◽  
Long Term Study

&lt;p&gt;Wetlands are important sites for the biogeochemical cycles of macro and microelements, because the presence of the water induces faster chemical and transport processes in the soils which occur as intensive diurnal and seasonal fluctuations of the soil parameters and element-content. Vegetation is also varied basically because of the (often fluctuating) water level, which makes it possible to study these different ecotopes in a relatively small area.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We chose our long-term study site &amp;#8211; a meadow formed by a local depression of the surface &amp;#8211; near Cegl&amp;#233;dbercel, Hungary in 2010. Three different vegetation patches were separated governed by the following species (in order of the influence of water): 1 &amp;#8211; Agrostis stolonifera; 2 &amp;#8211; Carex acutiformis, Carex flacca, Carex vulpina; 3 &amp;#8211; Phragmites australis. Microclimatic and soil-representing parameters were measured in each patch: air temperature, evaporation, strength of wind and incident solar radiation; soil temperature, pH and redox potential of the soil solution. We also analyzed the main elements and element forms of the soil solution regularly: NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;, NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;, NH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;, PO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3-&lt;/sup&gt;, Mn, Fe, K, Na, Mg, Ca and emitted N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O, CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; gas fluxes of the soil.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Our main hypothesis was that different plant species generate measurable differences and heterogeneities in the bulk soil. This is shown best by the run of the redox potential which often seemed to ignore the effect of water-gradient because of the regulating ability of plants in the rooting zone. The occurrence and concentration of nitrogen forms are very redox-sensitive; thus they are seemingly good indicators of the state of the soil. Somewhat surprisingly, diurnal cycles (caused by the plants&amp;#8217; alternating photosynthetic activity) rarely occurred among the measured parameters and concentrations. One of those rare occurrences was the emission of gaseous N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O, which reached its maximum in the afternoon and almost stopped before dawn. Our long-term experimentation also caught some interesting anomalies (e. g. accidental destruction of the vegetation) thus we managed to record the effect of these environmental changes on the soil and the most environment-sensitive elements of the soil proved to be the nitrogen-forms, with Fe and K.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Mapping Risks Associated with Soil Copper Contamination Using Availability and Bio-Availability Proxies at the European Scale

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Sereni ◽  
Bertrand Guenet ◽  
Isabelle Lamy
Keyword(s):  
Soil Solution ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Empirical Equations ◽  
Soil Organisms ◽  
Large Spatial Scale ◽  
Soil Functioning ◽  
Total Soil ◽  
The One

Abstract Soil contamination by trace elements like copper (Cu) can affect soil functioning. Environmental policies with guidelines and soil survey measurements still refer to the total contents of Cu in soils. However, Cu contents in soil solution or free Cu contents have been shown to be better proxies of risks of Cu mobility or (bio)availability for soil organisms. Several empirical equations have been defined at the local scale to predict the amounts of Cu in soil solution based on both total soil Cu contents and main soil parameters involved in the soil/solution partitioning. Nevertheless, despite the relevance for risk assessment, these equations are not applied at a large spatial scale due to difficulties to perform changes from local to regional. To progress in this challenge, we collected several empirical equations from literature and selected those allowing estimation of the amount of Cu in solution, used as a proxy of available Cu, from the knowledge of both total soil Cu contents and soil parameters. We did the same for the estimation of free Cu in solution, used as a proxy of bioavailable Cu These equations were used to provide European maps of (bio-)available Cu based on the one of total soil Cu over Europe. Results allowed comparing the maps of available and bio-available Cu at the European scale. This was done with respective median values of each form of Cu to identify specific areas of risks linked to these two proxies. Higher discrepancies were highlighted between the map of bioavailable Cu and the map of soil total Cu compared to the Cu available map. Such results can be used to assess environmental-related issues for land use planning.

SOIL WATER CONTENT AFFECTS THE AVAILABILITY OF PHOSPHATE

1985 ◽  
pp. 185-189
Author(s):  
M.C.H.Mouat Pieter Nes
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Soil Solution ◽  
Equivalent Reduction

Reduction in water content of a soil increased the concentration of ammonium and nitrate in solution, but had no effect on the concentration of phosphate. The corresponding reduction in the quantity of phosphate in solution caused an equivalent reduction in the response of ryegrass to applied phosphate. Keywords: soil solution, soil water content, phosphate, ryegrass, nutrition.

ANALISIS PENANGGULANGAN KELONGSORAN TANAH PADA RUAS JALAN GUNUNG TUGEL PATIKRAJA BANYUMAS

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Arwan Apriyono ◽  
Sumiyanto Sumiyanto ◽  
Nanang Gunawan Wariyatno
Keyword(s):  
Limit Equilibrium ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Limit Equilibrium Method ◽  
Pile Foundations ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
The Road ◽  
Realistic Option ◽  
Stable Conditions ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Wall Slope

Gunung Tugel is an area that located Patikraja Region, Southern Banyumas. Thetopography of the area is mostly mountainous with a slope that varies from flat to steep. Thiscondition makes to many areas of this region potentially landslide. In 2015, a landslideoccurred in Jalan Gunung Tugel. The Landslide occurred along 70 meters on the half of theroad and causing traffic Patikraja-Purwokerto disturbed. To repair the damage of the road andavoid further landslides, necessary to analyze slope stability. This study is to analyze landslidereinforcement that occurred at Gunung Tugel and divides into 3 step. The first step is fieldinvestigation to determine the condition of the location and dimensions of landslides. Thesecond step is to know the soil parameters and analyzes data were obtained from the field. Andthe final step is analyzed of the landslide reinforcement by using data obtained from thepreceding step. In this research, will be applied three variations of reinforcement i.e. retainingwall, pile foundation and combine both of pile foundations and retaining wall. Slope stabilityanalysis was conducted using limit equilibrium method. Based on the analysis conducted onthe three variations reinforcement, combine both of pile foundations and retaining wall morerecommended. Application of and combine both of pile foundations and retaining wall is themost realistic option in consideration of ease of implementation at the field. From thecalculations have been done, in order to achieve stable conditions need retaining wall withdimensions of 2 meters high with 2,5 meters of width. DPT is supported by two piles of eachcross-section with 0.3 meters of diameter along 10 meters with 1-meter in space. Abstrak: Gunung Tugel adalah salah satu daerah yang terletak di Kecamatan PatikrajaKabupaten Banyumas bagian selatan. Kondisi topografi daerah tersebut sebagian besar berupapegunungan dengan kemiringan yang bervariasi dari landai sampai curam. Hal inimenyebabkan banyak daerah di wilayah Gunung Tugel yang berpotensi terjadi bencana tanahlongsor. Pada tahun 2015, peristiwa longsor kembali terjadi di ruas Jalan Gunung Tugel.Kelongsoran yang terjadi sepanjang 70 meter pada separuh badan jalan tersebut menyebabkanarus lalu lintas patikraja-purwokerto menjadi terganggu. Untuk memperbaiki kerusakan jalandan mencegah kelongsoran kembali, diperlukan analisis perkuatan tanah terhadap lerengtersebut. Studi analisis penanggulangan kelongsoran jalan yang terjadi di Gunung Tugel inidilakukan dengan tiga tahapan. Tahapan pertama adalah investigasi lapangan untukmengetahui kondisi lokasi dan dimensi longsor serta mengambil sampel tanah di lapangan.Tahap kedua adalah melakukan pengujian parameter tanah dan analisis data yang diperolehdari lapangan. Tahapan yang terakhir adalah analisis penanggulangan longsor denganmenggunakan data yang diperoleh dari tahapan sebelumnya. Pada penelitan ini, akanditerapkan tiga variasi perkuatan lereng yaitu dinding penahan tanah (DPT), turap dan DPTyang dikombinasikan dengan pondasi tiang. Analisis stabilitas lereng dilakukan dengan metodekeseimbangan batas. Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang dilakukan terhadap ketiga variasiperkuatan, DPT dengan kombinasi tiang pancang lebih direkomendasikan. Penerapan DPTyang dikombinasikan dengan minipile merupakan pilihan yang paling realistis denganpertimbangan tingkat kemudahan pelaksanaan di lapangan. Dari perhitungan yang telahdilakukan, untuk mencapai kondisi stabil diperlukan DPT dengan dimensi tinggi 2 meterdengan lebar bawah 2,5 meter. DPT tersebut ditopang oleh dua tiang tiap penampangmelintang dengan diameter 0,3 meter sepanjang 10 meter dengan jarak antar tiang 1 meter.kata kunci: tanah longsor, perkuatan tanah, metode keseimbangan batas

Nutrient Concentrations in Soil Solution in an Alfisol under Grapefruit Production

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 498d-498
Author(s):  
Z.L. He ◽  
A.K. Alva ◽  
D.V. Calvert ◽  
D.J. Banks ◽  
Y.C. Li
Keyword(s):  
Soil Solution ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Sour Orange ◽  
Parallel Study ◽  
Ph Measurements ◽  
The Mean ◽  
N Rates

A field experiment was conducted in a Riviera fine sand (Alfisol) with 25-year-old `White Marsh' grapefruit trees on Sour orange rootstock to monitor the downward transport of nutrients from fertilization practices. Fertilizer was applied as either dry granular broadcast (three applications/year) or fertigation (15 applications/year) at N rates of 56, 112, 168, and 336 kg/ha per year using a N:P:K blend (1.0:0.17:1.0). Soil solution was sampled bi-weekly from suction lysimeters, installed under the tree canopy, about 120 cm from the tree trunk, at two depths representing above (120 cm) and below (180 cm) the hard pan. The concentrations of K, Ca, and Mg were greater at the 180- than at 120-cm depth, whereas, the converse was true with respect to the concentration of P in soil solution. Over a 2-year period, the mean concentrations of P and K varied from 0.031-0.976 and 150-250 mg·L–1, respectively. Increased rate of fertilization also appeared to increase the concentrations of Ca and Mg in the soil solution. This could be due to effects of slight acidification of the soil with increased rates of ammonium form of N. A parallel study on pH measurements has shown evidence of soil acidification, under the tree canopy, with increased rates of ammonium fertilization. In a bedded grove, the soil solution above the hard pan is likely to seep into the water furrow, which is discharged into the drainage water.

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