scholarly journals Chemical components of respirable particulate matter associated with emergency hospital admissions for type 2 diabetes mellitus in Hong Kong

2016 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 93-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengzhi Sun ◽  
Hong Qiu ◽  
Kin-Fai Ho ◽  
Linwei Tian
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Emergency Hospital ◽  
Respirable Particulate

scholarly journals Incidence and costs of cardiovascular events in Spanish patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a comparison with general population, 2015

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e001130
Author(s):  
Esteban Jodar ◽  
Sara Artola ◽  
Xavier Garcia-Moll ◽  
Estefany Uría ◽  
Noemí López-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Unstable Angina ◽  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Hospital Discharges ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Cost

IntroductionCardiovascular (CV) disease affects a high percentage of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), especially in the hospital setting, impacting on mortality, complications, quality of life and use of health resources. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence, mean length of hospital stay (LOHS) and costs attributable to hospital admissions due to CV events in patients with T2DM versus patients without diabetes mellitus (non-DM) in Spain.Research design and methodsRetrospective observational study based on the Spanish National Hospital Discharge Database for 2015. Hospital admissions for patients aged ≥35 years with a diagnosis of CV death, non-fatal acute myocardial infarction (AMI), non-fatal stroke, unstable angina, heart failure and revascularization were evaluated. The International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (250.x0 or 250.x2) coding was used to classify records of patients with T2DM. For each CV complication, the hospital discharges of the two groups, T2DM and non-DM, were precisely matched and the number of hospital discharges, patients, LOHS and mean cost were quantified. Additional analyses assessed the robustness of the results.ResultsOf the 276 925 hospital discharges analyzed, 34.71% corresponded to patients with T2DM. A higher incidence was observed in all the CV complications studied in the T2DM population, with a relative risk exceeding 2 in all cases. The mean LOHS (days) was longer in the T2DM versus the non-DM group for: non-fatal AMI (7.63 vs 7.02, p<0.001), unstable angina (5.11 vs 4.78, p=0.009) and revascularization (7.96 vs 7.57, p<0.001). The mean cost per hospital discharge was higher in the T2DM versus the non-DM group for non-fatal AMI (€6891 vs €6876, p=0.029) and unstable angina (€3386 vs €3304, p<0.001).ConclusionsPatients with T2DM had a higher incidence and number of hospital admissions per patient due to CV events versus the non-DM population. This generates a significant clinical and economic burden given the longer admission stay and higher costs associated with some of these complications.

scholarly journals Low testosterone and clinical outcomes in Chinese men with type 2 diabetes mellitus – Hong Kong Diabetes Registry

2017 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kitty Kit-Ting Cheung ◽  
Eric Siu-Him Lau ◽  
Wing-Yee So ◽  
Ronald Ching-Wan Ma ◽  
Risa Ozaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Chinese Men ◽  
Diabetes Registry ◽  
Low Testosterone

scholarly journals Review on the Screening of Urine Glucose in School Children and Adolescents With Obesity for Early Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Hong Kong

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A453-A454
Author(s):  
Gloria S W Pang ◽  
Ching-Yin Lee ◽  
Antony C C Fu ◽  
Jennifer Wing-Yan Tsang ◽  
Kent H C Yau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
School Students ◽  
Urine Glucose ◽  
Glucose Testing

Abstract Introduction: Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are growing health concerns. A ten-fold increase of T2DM was noted in the Hong Kong paediatric population from 1997 to 2007. T2DM is often asymptomatic at presentation, but complications can emerge rapidly, especially in youngsters. Experience in Japan, Korea and Taiwan suggests that urine glucose screening is a practical and non-invasive screening tool for identification of T2DM. The Hong Kong Student Health Service (SHS) offers yearly health checks for students and is a good platform for screening of T2DM since attendance rate is over 90% for primary school students and over 70% for secondary school students. Method: In 2005, SHS and the Hong Kong Paediatric Society formulated a protocol on urine glucose screening for early diagnosis of T2DM in students with obesity. Students between the ages of 10–18 years old with age- and sex- specific body mass index (BMI) &gt;97th percentile were recruited. Those screened positive for glycosuria were referred to paediatric departments for workup under a standardized protocol, whilst those who screened positive for both glucose and ketones were referred to the emergency departments. Students enrolled from school year 2005–2006 to 2017–2018 were included. Demographic data, clinical presentation, investigatory results and co-morbidities were captured using a structured reply letter. Results: A total of 219,276 eligible students attended SHS in the years specified and 216,528 students (99%) completed urine glucose screening. 381 (0.18%) students were tested positive for urine glucose; 18 (4.7%) had concomitant urine ketones. In total 120 students had T2DM, 41 had pre-diabetes [impaired fasting glucose and /or impaired glucose tolerance] and 126 turned out normal. 43 students defaulted the referrals and 51 students had known diabetes. 21 students (17.5%) were started on insulin therapy upon diagnosis. A significant proportion of students with T2DM had co-morbidities including raised alanine amino-transferase (57%), hypercholesterolaemia (59%), and hypertension (13%). Five students (4.2%) had microalbuminuria at presentation. Of those with ketonuria, two students had serum glucose of over 20mmol/L and required fluid resuscitation ± insulin infusion in high dependency unit. Conclusion: Our pick up rate for T2DM from students with obesity aged 10–18 years using urine glucose is 0.05% (120/216,528). According to the Hong Kong Childhood Diabetes Registry, the crude incidence of T2DM for this age group was 6.16 /100,000/year over the study period, which equates to 506 new cases of T2DM. Thus 24% of the new T2DM cases were diagnosed by this program and many had associated co-morbidities at diagnosis. Our study shows that urine glucose testing is an inexpensive and simple test that allows for early diagnosis and treatment of T2DM in the primary care setting in this at risk population.

Pharmacotherapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus in frail elderly patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (11) ◽  
pp. C162-C165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abilash Sathyanarayanan ◽  
Aswatha Rabindranathnambi ◽  
Vakkat Muraleedharan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Frail Elderly ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Health Economy ◽  
Current Guidelines

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is expected to rise in the frail elderly population, which will have significant consequences for the health economy. Symptoms of hypoglycaemia can be subtle in the elderly. Hypoglycaemia accounts for more hospital admissions than hyperglycaemia. Treatment targets are set based on the risk of adverse events resulting from treatment and the benefits expected from tighter glycaemic control. The different medications available are discussed including the different types of insulin, in particular relation to usage in older adults. The choice of therapy is based on the targets, comorbidities and the characteristics of each antidiabetic agent. Deintensification of therapy should be considered in patients who experience adverse effects. Treatment guidelines should be formulated based on the above principles, as many current guidelines do not incorporate deintensification of therapy.

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