Occurrence of organophosphorus flame retardants on skin wipes: Insight into human exposure from dermal absorption

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaotu Liu ◽  
Gang Yu ◽  
Zhiguo Cao ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
Jun Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Exposure ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Dermal Absorption ◽  
Organophosphorus Flame Retardants ◽  
Insight Into

Currently used organophosphate flame retardants determined in the settled dust of masjids and hotels of Saudi Arabia, a new insight into human health implications of dust exposure

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 798-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadeem Ali ◽  
Iqbal Mohammad Ibrahim Ismail ◽  
Mohammad W. Kadi ◽  
Hussain Mohammed Salem Ali Albar
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Dust Exposure ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Health Implications ◽  
Settled Dust ◽  
Insight Into

Indoor settled dust particles are considered as an important source of human exposure to chemicals such as organophosphate flame retardants (PFRs).

scholarly journals Occurrence and human exposure to brominated and organophosphorus flame retardants via indoor dust in a Brazilian city

2018 ◽  
Vol 237 ◽  
pp. 695-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce Cristale ◽  
Tiago Gomes Aragão Belé ◽  
Silvia Lacorte ◽  
Mary Rosa Rodrigues de Marchi
Keyword(s):  
Human Exposure ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Indoor Dust ◽  
Organophosphorus Flame Retardants

Organophosphorus flame retardants in house dust from the Philippines: occurrence and assessment of human exposure

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 812-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joon-Woo Kim ◽  
Tomohiko Isobe ◽  
Agus Sudaryanto ◽  
Govindan Malarvannan ◽  
Kwang-Hyeon Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
House Dust ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Organophosphorus Flame Retardants

scholarly journals Organophosphorus Flame Retardants: A Global Review of Indoor Contamination and Human Exposure in Europe and Epidemiological Evidence

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6713
Author(s):  
Zohra Chupeau ◽  
Nathalie Bonvallot ◽  
Fabien Mercier ◽  
Barbara Le Bot ◽  
Cecile Chevrier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Exposure ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Human Effects ◽  
Organophosphorus Flame Retardants ◽  
Ubiquitous Presence

We aimed to identify high-priority organophosphorus flame retardants for action and research. We thus critically reviewed literature between 2000 and 2019 investigating organophosphorus flame retardants’ presence indoors and human exposure in Europe, as well as epidemiological evidence of human effects. The most concentrated compounds indoors were tris(2-butoxyethyl)phosphate (TBOEP), tris(1-chloro-2-propyl)phosphate (TCIPP), tris(2,3-dichloropropyl)phosphate (TDCIPP). TBOEP and TCIPP were the most consistently detected compounds in humans’ urine, hair or breast milk as well as tris (butyl) phosphate (TNBP) and tris (phenyl) phosphate (TPHP). Notably, epidemiological evidence concerned reprotoxicity, neurotoxicity, respiratory effects and eczema risk for TDCIPP, eczema increase for TBOEP, and neurodevelopmental outcomes for Isopropylated triarylphosphate isomers (ITPs). Given the ubiquitous presence indoors and the prevalence of exposure, the growing health concern seems justified. TDCIPP and TPHP seem to be of particular concern due to a high prevalence of exposure and epidemiological evidence. TBOEP and TNBP require epidemiological studies regarding outcomes other than respiratory or dermal ones.

A review on sources of brominated flame retardants and routes of human exposure with emphasis on polybrominated diphenyl ethers

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (NA) ◽  
pp. 239-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adegbenro P. Daso ◽  
Olalekan S. Fatoki ◽  
James P. Odendaal ◽  
Jonathan O. Okonkwo
Keyword(s):  
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Diphenyl Ether ◽  
Brominated Flame Retardants ◽  
Dermal Absorption ◽  
Indoor Dust ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Human Tissues ◽  
Environmental Matrices

The presence of brominated flame retardants (BFRs) in various environmental matrices, including humans, has been well documented. Increasing levels of these emerging contaminants in various environmental compartments suggest the wide application of these chemicals in products of everyday use. The release of BFRs from treated products is generally believed to be the major source of these contaminants into the environment, particularly in indoor environments. The sources and pathways through which BFRs enter the human system are evaluated in this paper. Human exposure via consumption of contaminated food and water, inhalation and ingestion of dust, as well as dermal absorption, are important pathways for these contaminants. Consumption of fatty foods especially fish, meat, dairy products as well as human milk constitute important routes for human exposure to these contaminants. Although brominated diphenyl ether (BDE) 209 has been found to be less bioaccumulative due to its high molecular weight, its dominance in indoor dust samples could be responsible for its detection in most human tissues investigated. BDE 47 is the most dominant polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congener found in human tissues. Regional differences in BFR levels in various environmental and biological matrices reflect their consumption patterns with higher levels mostly reported in the North American environments than in other regions of the world.

Organophosphorus flame retardants and plasticizers: Sources, occurrence, toxicity and human exposure

2015 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 29-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gao-Ling Wei ◽  
Ding-Qiang Li ◽  
Mu-Ning Zhuo ◽  
Yi-Shan Liao ◽  
Zhen-Yue Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Exposure ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Organophosphorus Flame Retardants
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