Associations of gestational and early life exposures to ambient air pollution with childhood respiratory diseases in Shanghai, China: A retrospective cohort study

2016 ◽  
Vol 92-93 ◽  
pp. 284-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Chen Huang ◽  
Yu Hu ◽  
Qingyan Fu ◽  
Zhijun Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Early Life Exposures

scholarly journals Incidence of osteoporosis and ambient air pollution in South Korea: a population-based retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinyoung Shin ◽  
Hyuk Jung Kweon ◽  
Kyoung Ja Kwon ◽  
Seol-Heui Han
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Residential Areas

Abstract Background This study investigated the associations between exposure to ambient air pollutants and the incidence of osteoporosis using the Korean National Insurance Service–National Sample Cohort. Methods This nationwide, population-based, retrospective cohort study included 237,149 adults aged ≥40 years that did not have a diagnosis of osteoporosis at baseline between January 1, 2003, and December 31, 2015. Osteoporosis was defined as claim codes and prescriptions of bisphosphonates or selective estrogen receptor modulators at least twice annually. After matching values for PM10, NO2, CO, and SO2 during the 2002–2015 time period and PM2.5 in 2015 with residential areas, the incidence of osteoporosis was analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards regression model according to the quartile of average yearly concentrations of pollutants. Results Overall 22.2% of the study subjects, 52,601 (male: 5.6%, female: 37.6%) adults in total, were newly diagnosed with osteoporosis and treated. Exposure to PM10 was positively associated with incidence of osteoporosis (Q4: 1798 per 100,000 person-years vs. Q1: 1655 per 100,000 person-years). The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) of Q4 in PM10 was 1.034 (1.009–1.062). The effect of PM10 on osteoporosis incidence was distinct in females (adjusted sub-HR: 1.065, 95% CI: 1.003–1.129), subjects aged < 65 years (adjusted sub-HR: 1.040, 95% CI: 1.010–1.072), and for residents in areas with low urbanization (adjusted sub-HR: 1.052, 95% CI: 1.019–1.087). However, there was no increase in osteoporosis based on exposure to NO2, CO, SO2, or PM2.5. Conclusions Long-term exposure to PM10 was associated with newly diagnosed osteoporosis in Korean adults aged ≥40 years. This finding can aid in policy-making that is directed to control air pollution as a risk factor for bone health.

scholarly journals Prenatal and early life exposures to ambient air pollution and development

2019 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 170-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandie Ha ◽  
Edwina Yeung ◽  
Erin Bell ◽  
Tabassum Insaf ◽  
Akhgar Ghassabian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Early Life Exposures

scholarly journals Air Pollution, housing and respirfatory tract Infections in Children: NatIonal birth Cohort study (PICNIC): study protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e048038
Author(s):  
Graziella Favarato ◽  
Tom Clemens ◽  
Steven Cunningham ◽  
Chris Dibben ◽  
Alison Macfarlane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Housing Characteristics ◽  
Tract Infections

IntroductionRespiratory tract infections (RTIs) are the most common reason for hospital admission among children <5 years in the UK. The relative contribution of ambient air pollution exposure and adverse housing conditions to RTI admissions in young children is unclear and has not been assessed in a UK context.Methods and analysisThe aim of the PICNIC study (Air Pollution, housing and respiratory tract Infections in Children: NatIonal birth Cohort Study) is to quantify the extent to which in-utero, infant and childhood exposures to ambient air pollution and adverse housing conditions are associated with risk of RTI admissions in children <5 years old. We will use national administrative data birth cohorts, including data from all children born in England in 2005–2014 and in Scotland in 1997–2020, created via linkage between civil registration, maternity and hospital admission data sets. We will further enhance these cohorts via linkage to census data on housing conditions and socioeconomic position and small area-level data on ambient air pollution and building characteristics. We will use time-to-event analyses to examine the association between air pollution, housing characteristics and the risk of RTI admissions in children, calculate population attributable fractions for ambient air pollution and housing characteristics, and use causal mediation analyses to explore the mechanisms through which housing and air pollution influence the risk of infant RTI admission.Ethics, expected impact and disseminationTo date, we have obtained approval from six ethics and information governance committees in England and two in Scotland. Our results will inform parents, national and local governments, the National Health Service and voluntary sector organisations of the relative contribution of adverse housing conditions and air pollution to RTI admissions in young children. We will publish our results in open-access journals and present our results to the public via parent groups and social media and on the PICNIC website. Code and metadata will be published on GitHub.

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