scholarly journals Exposure assessment issues in epidemiology studies of phthalates

2015 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 27-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren E. Johns ◽  
Glinda S. Cooper ◽  
Audrey Galizia ◽  
John D. Meeker
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Epidemiology Studies

The development of a comprehensive exposure assessment strategy for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) for use in observational epidemiology studies.

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (1) ◽  
pp. 3462
Author(s):  
Shelley A Harris ◽  
Beatrice Boucher ◽  
Caryn Thompson ◽  
Cariton Kubwabo ◽  
Michelle Cotterchio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Assessment Strategy ◽  
Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Epidemiology Studies

Exposure assessment for case–control and case–case epidemiology studies based in Shanghai China: Summary of methods and results

2010 ◽  
Vol 184 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 286-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Armstrong ◽  
Y. Liang ◽  
Y. Zhou ◽  
S. Bowes ◽  
O. Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Epidemiology Studies

scholarly journals “Good Epidemiology Practice” Guidelines for Pesticide Exposure Assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 5114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie E. Goodman ◽  
Robyn L. Prueitt ◽  
Paolo Boffetta ◽  
Crispin Halsall ◽  
Andrew Sweetman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
Hazard And Risk ◽  
Hazard And Risk Assessment ◽  
Epidemiology Studies ◽  
Record Review ◽  
Regulatory Risk Assessment

Both toxicology and epidemiology are used to inform hazard and risk assessment in regulatory settings, particularly for pesticides. While toxicology studies involve controlled, quantifiable exposures that are often administered according to standardized protocols, estimating exposure in observational epidemiology studies is challenging, and there is no established guidance for doing so. However, there are several frameworks for evaluating the quality of published epidemiology studies. We previously developed a preliminary list of methodology and reporting standards for epidemiology studies, called Good Epidemiology Practice (GEP) guidelines, based on a critical review of standardized toxicology protocols and available frameworks for evaluating epidemiology study quality. We determined that exposure characterization is one of the most critical areas for which standards are needed. Here, we propose GEP guidelines for pesticide exposure assessment based on the source of exposure data (i.e., biomonitoring and environmental samples, questionnaire/interview/expert record review, and dietary exposures based on measurements of residues in food and food consumption). It is expected that these GEP guidelines will facilitate the conduct of higher-quality epidemiology studies that can be used as a basis for more scientifically sound regulatory risk assessment and policy making.

Measuring “Language Access Profiles” in Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Children With the DHH Language Exposure Assessment Tool

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Matthew L. Hall ◽  
Stephanie De Anda
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Communication Mode ◽  
Developmental Potential ◽  
Language Access ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Language Exposure ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Purpose The purposes of this study were (a) to introduce “language access profiles” as a viable alternative construct to “communication mode” for describing experience with language input during early childhood for deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) children; (b) to describe the development of a new tool for measuring DHH children's language access profiles during infancy and toddlerhood; and (c) to evaluate the novelty, reliability, and validity of this tool. Method We adapted an existing retrospective parent report measure of early language experience (the Language Exposure Assessment Tool) to make it suitable for use with DHH populations. We administered the adapted instrument (DHH Language Exposure Assessment Tool [D-LEAT]) to the caregivers of 105 DHH children aged 12 years and younger. To measure convergent validity, we also administered another novel instrument: the Language Access Profile Tool. To measure test–retest reliability, half of the participants were interviewed again after 1 month. We identified groups of children with similar language access profiles by using hierarchical cluster analysis. Results The D-LEAT revealed DHH children's diverse experiences with access to language during infancy and toddlerhood. Cluster analysis groupings were markedly different from those derived from more traditional grouping rules (e.g., communication modes). Test–retest reliability was good, especially for the same-interviewer condition. Content, convergent, and face validity were strong. Conclusions To optimize DHH children's developmental potential, stakeholders who work at the individual and population levels would benefit from replacing communication mode with language access profiles. The D-LEAT is the first tool that aims to measure this novel construct. Despite limitations that future work aims to address, the present results demonstrate that the D-LEAT represents progress over the status quo.

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