Levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in dust from personal automobiles in conjunction with studies on the photochemical degradation of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209)

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 899-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony F. Lagalante ◽  
Courtney S. Shedden ◽  
Peter W. Greenbacker
Keyword(s):  
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Photochemical Degradation ◽  
Decabromodiphenyl Ether ◽  
Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Bde 209

Effect of Pb2+, Cd2+, Cu2+ and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) on the distribution and partition of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) in a water–sediment system

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (127) ◽  
pp. 105259-105265
Author(s):  
Donggao Yin ◽  
Hui Peng ◽  
Hua Yin ◽  
Su Zhou ◽  
Shichang Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Combined Pollution ◽  
Decabromodiphenyl Ether ◽  
System P ◽  
Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Bde 209

The combined pollution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and heavy metals in electronic waste dismantling areas has received increasing concern in recent years.

The Degradation of Decabromodiphenyl Ether in the Supercritical Fluid

2013 ◽  
Vol 798-799 ◽  
pp. 134-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Nai Qi ◽  
Wen Sheng Linghu ◽  
Chun Yan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
Zerovalent Iron ◽  
Decabromodiphenyl Ether ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Important Concern ◽  
Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Supercritical Reaction ◽  
Bde 209

Currently, environmental contamination by polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the world is of important concern and requires the effective remediation technologies. The degradation of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) in the supercritical n-hexane by zerovalent iron was studied in this work. The results showed that BDE-209 can be rapidly reduced into nona-, octa-, hepta-and lower brominated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) under the supercritical reaction conditions. Among n-hexane, methanol, tetrahydrofuran and mixed n-hexane+ tetrahydrofuran solvents, the conversion of BDE-209 in tetrahydrofuran was the highest. BDE-209 conversion increased with increased reaction temperature and pressure. Under the reaction condition: temperature: 523K; pressure: 3.2Mpa; reaction time: 10min; reaction system: 200ml 50mg BDE-209/L n-hexane; atmosphere: N2and catalyst load: 2g/L, the conversion of BDE-209 was as high as 88.9%.

scholarly journals A Fluorescence-Based Method for Rapid and Direct Determination of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Water

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huimei Shan ◽  
Chongxuan Liu ◽  
Zheming Wang ◽  
Teng Ma ◽  
Jianying Shang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Fluorescence Spectra ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Spectral Signal ◽  
Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Spectral Profiles ◽  
Bde 209

A new method was developed for rapid and direct measurement of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in aqueous samples using fluorescence spectroscopy. The fluorescence spectra of tri- to deca-BDE (BDE 28, 47, 99, 153, 190, and 209) commonly found in environment were measured at variable emission and excitation wavelengths. The results revealed that the PBDEs have distinct fluorescence spectral profiles and peak positions that can be exploited to identify these species and determine their concentrations in aqueous solutions. The detection limits as determined in deionized water spiked with PBDEs are 1.71–5.82 ng/L for BDE 28, BDE 47, BDE 190, and BDE 209 and 45.55–69.95 ng/L for BDE 99 and BDE 153. The effects of environmental variables including pH, humic substance, and groundwater chemical composition on PBDEs measurements were also investigated. These environmental variables affected fluorescence intensity, but their effect can be corrected through linear additivity and separation of spectral signal contribution. Compared with conventional GC-based analytical methods, the fluorescence spectroscopy method is more efficient as it only uses a small amount of samples (2–4 mL), avoids lengthy complicated concentration and extraction steps, and has a low detection limit of a few ng/L.

scholarly journals Preliminary Screening of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs); Decabromodiphenyl Ether (BDE-209) and Tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBPA) Flame Retardants in Municipal Dumpsite in Delta State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Oghenekohwiroro Edjere ◽  
Chukwunonso Elvis Stephen
Keyword(s):  
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Decabromodiphenyl Ether ◽  
Soil Matrix ◽  
Detectable Range ◽  
Petroleum Resources ◽  
Bde 209

Aims: This study is aimed at determining the concentration of two widely used BFRs; Decabromodiphenyl Ether (BDE-209) and Tetrabromo Bisphenol-A (TBBPA) in sediment and leachate samples. Place and Duration of Study: Field sampling were carried out from five major dumpsites around Warri Municipality, Delta State, Nigeria. Analyte extraction was done in 2017 at the Science laboratory, Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun Delta State, Nigeria and quantification done in Switzerland by Bachema Analytical Laboratories in 2017. Methods: Three soil samples were collected from each site 15cm from the soil surface. Also, three leachate samples from three different trial pits done for each site. Collected soil samples were stored in glass bottles and labelled. While the leachate samples are stored using glass containers and labelled. The BFRs were extracted using Aceton and cyclohexane for each soil matrix and cyclohexane for the leachate samples, then the extract was analysed using GC coupled with an ECD supplied by Thermo Trace GC Ultra, Italy. Results: The results showed the average concentration for TBBPA in the sediments was 0.0234 g/kg and that of the BDE-209 was recorded as 0.1828 g/kg. Results from the leachate sample were below the detectable range of the analytical equipment, TBBPA (0.02 g/kg) and BDE (0.1 g/kg). There is no statistical difference between the mean concentration of TBBPA for the sediment in each of the locations (P>.05) and no difference (P>.05) for BDE-209 for the sediment in each of the locations (P>.05). Conclusion: Findings from this study holds that the concentration of TBBPA and BDE-209 in sediment is higher when compared with concentrations presented in other literatures studied in this report and this calls for immediate action due to the health risk associated with exposure in these municipalities.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Determination and Preliminary Source Estimation of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Road Dust from Northern Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoang Quoc Anh ◽  
Shin Takahashi ◽  
Pham Thi Ngoc Mai ◽  
Thai Thu Thuy ◽  
Nguyen Thi Thanh Huong
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Road Dust ◽  
Northern Vietnam ◽  
Industrial Dust ◽  
Source Estimation ◽  
Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Outdoor Dust ◽  
Bde 209

Concentrations of seven indicator polychlorinated biphenyls (Ʃ7PCBs) and eight predominant polybrominated diphenyl ethers (Ʃ8PBDEs) were examined in outdoor dust samples collected from some representative areas in northern Vietnam, including a core urban area of Hanoi City, an industrial park in Thai Nguyen Province, and a rural area in Bac Giang Province. Levels (median and range) of Ʃ7PCBs and Ʃ8PBDEs in our dust samples were 2.8 (0.028–22) and 11 (0.55–52) ng/g, respectively. Concentrations of PCBs and PBDEs in the urban and industrial dust samples were significantly higher than those measured in the rural ones, suggesting the role of urbanization-industrialization processes on the emission of these pollutants. PCBs exhibited specific profiles in the industrial dusts with significant proportions of low-chlorinated congeners such as CB-28 and CB-52, while the remaining samples were more contaminated by heavier compounds such as CB-118, CB-138, and CB-153. For PBDEs, BDE-209 was the most predominant congener in all the samples. Emission souces of PCBs and PBDEs in our dust samples were estimated to be household, traffic, and industrial activities. Human exposure to PCBs and PBDEs in outdoor dusts was estimated, implying relatively low health risk.

Photochemical degradation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in microreactor

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 9373-9381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Vajglova ◽  
M. Vesely ◽  
S. Hejda ◽  
M. Vondrackova ◽  
J. Kristal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Photochemical Degradation ◽  
Diphenyl Ethers

scholarly journals Occurrence, Compositional Profiles and Health Risks of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) in Leachate and Groundwater in and around Dumpsites in Lagos State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olanrewaju Olujimi ◽  
Kabirat Adegbite ◽  
Samuel Sojinu ◽  
Adegbenro Daso ◽  
Funmilola Oyebanji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Elevated Concentration ◽  
Spectroscopy Analysis ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Bde 209

Abstract Groundwater from the communities adjoining Abule Egba (ABE), Epe (EPE), Ikorodu (IKR), Olushosun (OSH) and Solous (SOL) dumpsites in Lagos State, Nigeria were collected and analyzed for Polybrominated diphenyl ethers. Water samples were extracted using liquid-liquid extraction followed by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectroscopy analysis using already validated standard method. PBDEs concentrations ranged from 7.1 ± 10.1 (IKR) to 78 ± 109 µgL-1 (ABE) for BDE 28; 5.4 ± 0.3 (OSH) to 31.5 ± 27.3 µgL-1 (ABE) for BDE 47; 17 ± 24 (ABE) to 183 ± 226 µgL-1 for BDE 100; 11.7 ± 16.5 (ABE) to 174 ± 217 µgL-1(EPE) for BDE 99; 117 ± 166 (ABE) to 2034 ± 2819 µg L-1 (EPE) for BDE 183; 296 ± 392 (IKR) to 4283 ± 1278 µg L-1 (EPE) for BDE 209. BDE 153 and BDE 154 were not detected in all the water samples while BDE 28 was only detected in ABE and IKR water samples. The BDE 209 was the most dominant congener in all the water samples. The cumulative HI values for children through ingestion route ranged from 4.95 E+00 (SOL) to 4.53 E+01 (EPE) while in adult, it ranged from 4.25 E+00 (SOL) to 3.88 E+01 (EPE). This study confirmed the presence of PBDEs at elevated concentration in groundwater. Since there is no regular supply of pipe-borne water in the study area, residents consume the contaminated groundwater and may therefore be exposed to endocrine disrupting chemicals. Government should provide pie-borne water for the populace and discourage people from living close to the dumpsites.

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