Protected areas as contested spaces: Nech Sar National Park, Ethiopia, between ‘local people’, the state, and NGO engagement

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 63-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Girma Kelboro ◽  
Till Stellmacher
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Park ◽  
The State ◽  
Local People ◽  
Contested Spaces

scholarly journals Linking Rural Livelihood and Conservation in Hoang Lien National Park, Lao Cai Province, Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
AISDL
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Park ◽  
Local People ◽  
Biological Conservation ◽  
Rural Livelihood ◽  
Lao Cai

Creation of protected areas for biological conservation often conflicts with sustenance of livelihood of local people living inside or nearby regions. Combination between biological conservation and livelihood development has been much remained to be done in protected regions.

A new species of Drypetes (Putranjivaceae/Euphorbiaceae s.l.) from West Bengal, India

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 319 (3) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
GOPAL KRISHNA ◽  
K. KARTHIGEYAN ◽  
W. ARISDASON ◽  
T. CHAKRABARTY
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Park ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
The State ◽  
Subtropical Forests ◽  
A New Species

A new species, Drypetes kalamii, collected from the subtropical forests of two different Protected Areas, Buxa National Park and Jaldapara National Park in the state of West Bengal, India, is described and illustrated. This new species closely resembles Drypetes ellisii, but differs in being small shrub (female plants) or scrambling shrub (male plants) with corrugated branches and puberulous branchlets, longer petioles, laminae abruptly acuminate with pointed apices, slender and puberulent fruiting pedicels with bracts and bracteoles and smaller, ovoid-globose drupes.

ASSESSMENT OF PRIMARY FACTORS CAUSING POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE LOCAL PERCEPTIONS ON PROTECTED AREAS/SVARBIAUSIŲ VEIKSNIŲ, LEMIANČIŲ ATSAKOMYBĘ DĖL VEIKLOS SAUGOMOSE TERITORIJOSE, ĮVERTINIMAS/ ОЦЕНКА ГЛАВНЫХ ФАКТОРОВ, ОБУСЛАВЛИВАЮЩИХ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТЬ ЗА ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬ НА ОХРАНЯЕМЫХ ТЕРРИТОРИЯХ

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Alkan ◽  
Mehmet Korkmaz ◽  
Ahmet Tolunay
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Park ◽  
Local People ◽  
Positive Perception ◽  
Local Perceptions ◽  
Local Participation ◽  
Knowledge Levels ◽  
Significant Obstacle ◽  
Local Awareness

The protection of natural resources by strict rules at various legal statuses can generally cause damnification for the local people who are the users of this resource. In case the benefit loss that happens by reason of the prohibitions and limitations that are brought related to the usage of the resource is not corrected and local awareness is not created; negative local perceptions can come out pertinent to this resource and in connection with this, hostile attitudes arise related to the resource that is taken under protection. This case is a significant obstacle in front of being able to provide local participation for resource management. In this study the factors that negatively or positively affected the formation of the perceptions of the local people related to the protected areas are studied with the example of Kovada Lake National Park (KLNP). According to the findings of the study, while 25% of the local people have a positive perception on Kovada Lake National Park, the rest has a negative perception. Statistically significant differences have been found between these two groups whose perceptions show differences in terms of the knowledge levels related to the National Park and some losses of benefit that they had for benefiting from it. Santrauka Dėl griežtų teisėsaugos institucijų taikomų gamtinių išteklių apsaugos taisyklių asmenys, naudojantys šiuos išteklius, gali patirti žalos. Dėl draudimų ir ribojimų prarandama nauda negrįžta, neišugdomas ir sąmoningumas. Pateikiamas kliūties, trukdančios vietiniams žmonėms dalyvauti išteklių valdyme, pavyzdys. Veiksniai, teigiamai ar neigiamai veikiantys vietinių žmonių sąmoningumą dėl saugomos teritorijos formavimo, analizuojami Kovados ežero nacionalinio parko pavyzdžiu. Tyrimų duomenimis, 25 % vietinių gyventojų teigiamai vertino Kovados ežero nacionalinio parko apsaugą, kiti – neigiamai. Statistiškai reikšminiai šių dviejų grupių vertinimo skirtumai buvo rasti pagal suvokimą, grįstą žiniomis apie nacionalinį parką ir praradus naudą. Резюме Охрана природных ископаемых на основании строгих правил, диктуемых различными природоохранными учреждениями, может наносить урон лицам, применяющим эти ископаемые. Из-за запретов и ограничений теряется польза от использования ископаемых и в то же время не воспитывается сознательное отношение к охраняемым территориям. В статье представлен пример главных факторов, мешающих местным жителям участвовать в управлении ископаемыми. Факторы, оказывающие положительное или отрицательное воздействие на формирование сознательного отношения местных жителей к охраняемым территориям, анализируются на примере национального парка озера Ковада. На основании данных исследований 25% местных жителей положительно оценивают охрану национального парка озера Ковада, остальные – отрицательно. Статистически значимые различия найдены между этими двумя группами людей, чье представление основано на знаниях о национальном парке и наносимом ущербе.

scholarly journals Sustainability of Wildlife Tourism: Tourist Perceptions on Threats to Wildlife Tourism in Two State Protected Areas in Zimbabwe

2021 ◽  
pp. 895-911
Author(s):  
Chiedza Mutanga ◽  
Edson Gandiwa ◽  
Never Muboko ◽  
Oliver Chikuta
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Park ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Local People ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Environmentally Conscious ◽  
Illegal Hunting ◽  
Wildlife Tourism ◽  
People Participation

The study sought to determine tourist perceptions on the threats to the sustainability of wildlife tourism using a case study of two state protected areas in Zimbabwe. Using close-ended questionnaires, we collected data from 128 tourists in December 2015. Results show respondents generally perceived all the seven tested threats as serious, i.e., illegal hunting, destruction of wildlife habitats, human-wildlife conflict, lack of involvement of local people in national park tourism, lack of benefits from the national park to local communities, negative attitudes towards tourism by local residents, and poor local community and national park relationships. Moreover, respondents generally had similar perceptions on the impacts of the threats on the sustainability of wildlife tourism regardless of their gender, age, level of education and income. We conclude tourists are more environmentally conscious and well informed of the threats to wildlife tourism in Zimbabwe, which may indicate willingness to support conservation. It is thus necessary for park management to promote local people participation in ecotourism, enhance innovative law enforcement measures as well as motivate tourists to participate in conservation. Results could help broaden policy decision-makers' knowledge base in response to sustainable wildlife tourism development challenges.

scholarly journals Giant otter (Pteronura brasiliensis) distribution, relative abundance and conservation in northwestern Bolivia

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
Guido Ayala ◽  
Robert Benedict Wallace ◽  
Maria Viscarra ◽  
Cynthya Jurado
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
National Park ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Local People ◽  
Population Recovery ◽  
Oxbow Lakes ◽  
Streams And Rivers ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Pteronura Brasiliensis

At the end of the last century northwestern Bolivia was prioritized for further study in a national evaluation of the endangered giant otter (Pteronura brasiliensis). In this paper we present a decade of efforts to investigate and systematize data regarding the distribution and relative abundance of giant otters in this wilderness region including 435 distribution points generated from direct observations, confirmed giant otter signs, and interviews with park guards and local people from indigenous communities. We also sampled 1318.6km of river and stream along the Tuichi, Hondo, Arana, Machariapo, Upper Madidi, Enatahua and Heath rivers and their adjacent oxbow lakes in the Madidi National Park, as well as the Undumo and Tequeje rivers in the Tacana Indigenous Territory, and the lower and mid Madidi River and 42.14km of immediately adjacent oxbow lakes. Relative abundance was variable across the region ranging between 0.02 and 0.18 individual/km sampled in streams and rivers, and our data reveals a particularly important giant otter population along the Madidi River much of which remains unprotected. Our data and local reports point towards a possible population recovery within the Madidi and Pilon Lajas protected areas of the region over the last decade. In total we counted 271 animals, identifying 109 individuals through video and photographic throat pattern evidence. We argue that this previously undocumented population is of particular conservation importance due to its connectivity with the well-documented but currently threatened populations of neighboring southeastern Peru. Together northwestern Bolivia and southeastern Peru represent one of the most important conservation strongholds for this species.

Volunteering for otter conservation in Nepal: communicating with local communities

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjan Thapa ◽  
Tejab Pun ◽  
Dipendra Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Park ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Local People ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Eurasian Otter ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hydropower Dams ◽  
Conservation Awareness ◽  
The Way

Amongst three species of otters, the Asian Small-clawed Otter has not been recorded since Hodgson (1839). Since 1991, the Eurasian Otter has neither been photographed nor sighted in the country. Recently, the Smooth-coated Otter has been reported only from Bardia National Park and its west. In this chaotic situation, a volunteer project was initiated for otter conservation in Nepal three years ago. 1000 copies of an otter conservation awareness poster were printed in 2017 and a second set of posters in 2019. Posters were distributed to local communities while communicating with the local people along the way and during stays. Thus far, we have conducted awareness activities at selected sites in nine districts and four protected areas. Over three years, we have talked with more than 2000 local people about otters and disseminated more than 1300 posters. At all sites, local communities responded that they had not seen otters for 20 to 30 years or more and for the last 10 years, even in protected areas. However, there are hopes that the last scarce individuals or populations of otters remain at very few sites. Overfishing, river poisoning and pollution, hydropower dams and station construction, and sand and pebble extraction from rivers, are the major causes for depletion of otters in these areas. In the past, trapping by Tibetans for otter pelts and by nomads from the plains of Nepal and India were major causes for population declines. In conclusion, we convey a conservation message that humans must learn to co-exist with otters if the species are to survive.  

scholarly journals LOCAL PERCEPTIONS OF INTERACTIONS BETWEEN ELEPHANTS AND BORASSUS AETHIOPUM MART. (ARECACEAE) IN THE PENDJARI NATIONAL PARK IN BENIN

2017 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 33-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliano S. H. Houndonougbo ◽  
Valère K. Salako ◽  
Rodrigue Idohou ◽  
Fortuné A. Azihou ◽  
Achille E. Assogbadjo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
National Park ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Local People ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Local Perceptions ◽  
Elephant Population ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Borassus Aethiopum

Elephants are reported to have a dramatic impact on woodyvegetation in protected areas. Careful control of elephant and wood species populations is therefore crucial to successful biodiversity management in such ecosystems. The perceptions of local people and protected areas managers could very usefully supple- ment classic ecological surveys and monito- ring to achieve this goal. This study assessed the perceptions of managers and local people regarding the causes, damage, consequences and management options of elephant pres- sure on the declining dioecious palm Boras- sus aethiopum. The study was conducted in the Pendjari National Park, which is part of the W-Arly-Pendjari transboundary complex of reserves in West Africa. Semi-structured inter- views were conducted with 53 respondents belonging to three socio-professional cate- gories: administrators, ecoguards and local professional hunters. Relative frequency of citation and the Pearson correlation were used to assess the consensus and concordance of their perceptions, respectively. The respon- dents reported a steep increase in the number of elephants in the Pendjari National Park, which they attributed to significant elephant migration from transboundary parks where poaching pressure was perceived as high. This has resulted in high pressure on tree species including B. aethiopum. Despite differences in professional outlook, consensual and concor- dant opinions were noted among administra- tors, ecoguards and local professional hunters on the relationship between B. aethiopum and elephants. A regional approach aiming to pro- tect the elephant population (low poaching) in the W-Arly-Pendjari complex and other neighbouring reserves was suggested in order to limit elephant migration.

scholarly journals ANÁLISE DE AÇÕES DE PREVENÇÃO E COMBATE AOS INCÊNDIOS FLORESTAIS EM UNIDADES DE CONSERVAÇÃO DO CERRADO

FLORESTA ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudio Augusto Pereira ◽  
Nilton César Fiedler ◽  
Marcelo Brilhante De Medeiros
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
National Park ◽  
The State ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Distrito Federal ◽  
Individual Protection ◽  
Prevention Activities ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Made In

A pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a eficácia das ações de prevenção e combate aos incêndios florestais nas unidades de conservação do cerrado. Os dados desta pesquisa foram coletados no Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros (GO), Parque Nacional das Emas (GO), Parque Nacional de Brasília (DF), Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Guimarães (MT) e Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra (MG). Para coleta de dados foi desenvolvido um questionário e aplicado aos membros das brigadas e coordenadores das atividades na Unidade de Conservação. Foi também avaliada a infra-estrutura em prevenção e combate. Ao todo foram entrevistados 124 funcionários. Verificou-se que nos Parques há uma elevada carência de maquinas, torres de observação, locais de captação de água e Equipamentos de Proteção Individual. As maiores dificuldades de trabalho salientadas pelos brigadistas foram a carência de infra-estrutura, o patrulhamento insuficiente, ausência de apoio das populações circunvizinhas e os freqüentes atrasos no inicio das atividades de prevenção. O investimento realizado nos últimos anos na contratação de brigadistas e aquisição de material de combate ainda não reduziu a área queimada nos Parques Nacionais. Ainda existem diversos problemas organizacionais e uma grande carência de equipamentos, pessoal e investimento em atividades preventivas. ANALYSIS OF PREVENTION AND FIGHT ACTIONS RELATED TO FOREST FIRES AT PROTECTED AREAS OF CERRADO Abstract This research aimed to evaluate the efficiency of actions due to the prevention and fight against the forest fires at Protected Areas of Cerrado. The data were collected at the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park and Emas National Park, in the state of Goias; Brasilia National Park in the Distrito Federal; Chapada dos Guimarães National Park in the state of Mato Grosso and Serra da Canastra National Park in the state of Minas Gerais. These states are all in Brazil. It was developed a questionnaire according to the data collected, applied to members of firefights and activities coordinators at Conservation Unities. It was also evaluated the infrastructure in prevention and fight. At all, 124 workers were interviewed. In most of the the Parks were verified that there was a high lack of machines, observation towers and strategic places for water and individual protection equipment capitation. The greatest work difficulties related by the firefighters were the lack of infrastructure, insufficient vigilance, little help from the neighbour population and frequent lateness in the beginning of prevention activities. The investment made in the latest years for firefighters admission and the acquisition of combat materials did not reduced the number of fires at the Parks. There are still many problems related to organization and a huge necessity of equipment, people and investments in preventive activities.

scholarly journals Land Use and Access in Protected Areas: A Hunter’s View of Flexibility

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 481
Author(s):  
Ayonghe Akonwi Nebasifu ◽  
Ngoindong Majory Atong
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
National Park ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Local People ◽  
Cultural Resilience ◽  
Mount Cameroon ◽  
Customary Practices

Anthropologists sometimes ask what flexible practices mean when used in instances of land use and access among protected area regimes which control the land and the indigenous or local people who claim rights to the land. In the Mount Cameroon National Park (MCNP), West Africa, this question comes with urgency because of the historical disputes associated with defining access and user-rights to land within this park. In this case, we present an ethnographic study using a transect walk with a native Bakweri hunter to map and analyze his opinions about land use and access into the park. The findings show that, despite State prohibitions for this park, customary practices still occur for mutual reasons, whereas, in situations of disputes, other practices continue on the land unnoticed. We conclude that this flexibility is indicative of reciprocal negotiations and cultural resilience that preserve not only the biodiversity of the park but also the culturally relevant needs of people.

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