A Simplified method to minimize exterior girder rotation of steel bridges during deck construction

2019 ◽  
Vol 183 ◽  
pp. 84-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Hui ◽  
Faress Hraib ◽  
Brandon Gillis ◽  
Miguel Vicente ◽  
Riyadh Hindi
Keyword(s):  
Steel Bridges ◽  
Simplified Method ◽  
Exterior Girder

scholarly journals Analytical Solutions for Girder Distribution Factor in Steel-Concrete Composite Girders with the Effect of Parapets

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Zejun Zhang ◽  
Yongjian Liu ◽  
Bowen Feng ◽  
Yinping Ma ◽  
Guojing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Field Test ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Distribution Factor ◽  
Continuous Layer ◽  
Composite Girder ◽  
Simplified Method ◽  
Girder Bridge ◽  
Aashto Lrfd ◽  
Exterior Girder

The existing studies have shown that parapets have great influence on the girder distribution factor (GDF) of bridges. However, there is no method in the design guide to estimate the GDF considering the effect of parapets. This research aims to develop a simplified method for estimating the GDF by considering the effect of parapets. First, a simply supported steel-concrete composite girder bridge was tested to investigate the effect of parapets on the GDF. Then, finite-element (FE) model was established and verified by the field test data of strain and deflection. In addition, error study showed that the bending stiffness of the bridge was increased by about 92% and 19.1%, respectively, due to the effects of parapet and continuous layer. As the effect of the continuous layer on each girder was relatively uniform, the simplified method was optimized only considering the effect of the parapet. Finally, the effect of the parapet on the GDF was compared and discussed. Considering the effect of the parapet, the GDF of the exterior girder calculated by the simplified method and FE analysis decreased by about 26.92% and 23.53%, respectively, and the adjacent interior girder decreased by about 15.22% and 12.77%, respectively. Comparing the GDF calculated by the AASHTO LRFD specifications, the GDF calculated by the simplified method decreased by about 30.77% in the exterior girder and 41.30% in the interior girder, respectively. The results indicate that the method of calculating the GDF without considering the effect of the parapet in AASHTO LRFD specifications is conservative. The GDF calculated by the simplified method was basically close to the field test results, meaning that the proposed simplified method considering the effect of the parapet was relatively accurate.

A simplified method of emulsion coating and development for quantitative electron microscopic radioautography

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-65
Author(s):  
K. Yoshida ◽  
F. Murata ◽  
S. Ohno ◽  
T. Nagata
Keyword(s):  
Mass Production ◽  
Identical Condition ◽  
Microscopic Level ◽  
Electron Microscopic Level ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Simplified Method ◽  
Complicated Process ◽  
Critical Problems ◽  
Electron Microscopic Radioautography ◽  
Quantitative Radioautography

IntroductionSeveral methods of mounting emulsion for radioautography at the electron microscopic level have been reported. From the viewpoint of quantitative radioautography, however, there are many critical problems in the procedure to produce radioautographs. For example, it is necessary to apply and develop emulsions in several experimental groups under an identical condition. Moreover, it is necessary to treat a lot of grids at the same time in the dark room for statistical analysis. Since the complicated process and technical difficulties in these procedures are inadequate to conduct a quantitative analysis of many radioautographs at once, many factors may bring about unexpected results. In order to improve these complicated procedures, a simplified dropping method for mass production of radioautographs under an identical condition was previously reported. However, this procedure was not completely satisfactory from the viewpoint of emulsion homogeneity. This paper reports another improved procedure employing wire loops.

Rate of Sublimation of Ice by Radiative Heating in Freeze-Etching

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 618-619
Author(s):  
Yeshayahu Talmon
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Constant Heat Flux ◽  
Radiative Heating ◽  
Constant Heat ◽  
Entire Sample ◽  
Simplified Method ◽  
Freeze Etching ◽  
Sublimation Rates ◽  
Fractured Surface

To bring out details in the fractured surface of a frozen sample in the freeze fracture/freeze-etch technique,the sample or part of it is warmed to enhance water sublimation.One way to do this is to raise the temperature of the entire sample to about -100°C to -90°C. In this case sublimation rates can be calculated by using plots such as Fig.1 (Talmon and Thomas),or by simplified formulae such as that given by Menold and Liittge. To achieve higher rates of sublimation without heating the entire sample a radiative heater can be used (Echlin et al.). In the present paper a simplified method for the calculation of the rates of sublimation under a constant heat flux F [W/m2] at the surface of the sample from a heater placed directly above the sample is described.

516: A Simplified Method to Estimate the Absolute Renal Uptake of 99MTC-DMSA: Evaluation with a New Model using the Radioactivity of Nephrectomy Specimens as Reference

2005 ◽  
Vol 173 (4S) ◽  
pp. 140-141
Author(s):  
Mariana Lima ◽  
Celso D. Ramos ◽  
Sérgio Q. Brunetto ◽  
Marcelo Lopes de Lima ◽  
Carla R.M. Sansana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Model ◽  
Renal Uptake ◽  
Simplified Method ◽  
The Absolute

Dosimetry with 188Re-labelled monoclonal anti-CD66 antibodies

2006 ◽  
Vol 45 (03) ◽  
pp. 134-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kull ◽  
N. M. Blumstein ◽  
D. Bunjes ◽  
B. Neumaier ◽  
A. K. Buck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Gamma Camera ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Residence Times ◽  
Reliable Prediction ◽  
Red Bone Marrow ◽  
Antibody Preparation ◽  
Simplified Method

SummaryAim: For the therapeutic application of radiopharmaceuticals the activity is determined on an individual basis. Here we investigated the accuracy for a simplified assessment of the residence times for a 188Re-labelled anti-CD66 monoclonal antibody. Patients, methods: For 49 patients with high risk leukaemia (24 men, 25 women, age: 44 ± 12 years) the residence times were determined for the injected 188Re-labelled anti-CD66 antibodies (1.3 ± 0.4 GBq, 5–7 GBq/mg protein, >95% 188Re bound to the antibody) based on 5 measurements (1.5, 3, 20, 26, and 44 h p.i.) using planar conjugate view gamma camera images (complete method). In a simplified method the residence times were calculated based on a single measurement 3 h p.i. Results: The residence times for kidneys, liver, red bone marrow, spleen and remainder of body for the complete method were 0.4 ± 0.2 h, 1.9 ± 0.8 h, 7.8 ± 2.1 h, 0.6 ± 0.3 h and 8.6 ± 2.1 h, respectively. For all organs a linear correlation exists between the residence times of the complete method and the simplified method with the slopes (correlation coefficients R > 0.89) of 0.89, 0.99, 1.23, 1.13 and 1.09 for kidneys, liver, red bone marrow, spleen and remainder of body, respectively. Conclusion: The proposed approach allows reliable prediction of biokinetics of 188Re-labelled anti-CD66 monoclonal antibody biodistribution with a single study. Efficient pretherapeutic estimation of organ absorbed dose may be possible, provided that a more stable anti-CD66 antibody preparation is available.

EVALUATION OF A SIMPLIFIED METHOD FOR DETERMINING SERUM THYROXINE BY COMPETITIVE PROTEIN BINDING ANALYSIS

1970 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 630-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen C. Thorson ◽  
Ronald Tsujikawa ◽  
James L. Brown ◽  
Robert T. Morrison ◽  
Hamish W. McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Protein Binding ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Thyroid Status ◽  
Serum Thyroxine ◽  
Binding Analysis ◽  
Simplified Method ◽  
Competitive Protein Binding ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients

ABSTRACT Serum thyroxine concentrations were determined in 66 euthyroid, 30 hyperthyroid and 13 hypothyroid patients using both the established Murphy method and a simplified method of competitive protein binding analysis. A diagnosis compatibility of 96% was found with both methods indicating that the simplified method has comparable clinical application as an initial screen of thyroid status.

Steel Bridges – Solutions for the 21st Century

2002 ◽  
Vol 86 (16) ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
Frank Rapattoni
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Steel Bridges

An Examination on Hybrid Structures Renovated from the Old Railway Steel Bridges with Polymer Cement Mortar

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 1014-1019
Author(s):  
Nozomu TANIGUCHI ◽  
Yusuke SUGINO ◽  
Fujikazu OHKUBO ◽  
Weiwei LIN ◽  
Shinya SATAKE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Steel Bridges ◽  
Hybrid Structures
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document