scholarly journals Development of optimum cold-formed steel sections for maximum energy dissipation in uniaxial bending

2018 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 55-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Ye ◽  
Jurgen Becque ◽  
Iman Hajirasouliha ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Mojtabaei ◽  
James B.P. Lim
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Steel Sections ◽  
Cold Formed Steel

scholarly journals Experimental and Numerical Analysis of the Mechanical Properties of a Pretreated Shape Memory Alloy Wire in a Self-Centering Steel Brace

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Bo Zhang ◽  
Sizhi Zeng ◽  
Fenghua Tang ◽  
Shujun Hu ◽  
Qiang Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Effective Elastic Modulus ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Energy Dissipation Capacity

As a stimulus-sensitive material, the difference in composition, fabrication process, and influencing factors will have a great effect on the mechanical properties of a superelastic Ni-Ti shape memory alloy (SMA) wire, so the seismic performance of the self-centering steel brace with SMA wires may not be accurately obtained. In this paper, the cyclic tensile tests of a kind of SMA wire with a 1 mm diameter and special element composition were tested under multi-working conditions, which were pretreated by first tensioning to the 0.06 strain amplitude for 40 cycles, so the mechanical properties of the pretreated SMA wires can be simulated in detail. The accuracy of the numerical results with the improved model of Graesser’s theory was verified by a comparison to the experimental results. The experimental results show that the number of cycles has no significant effect on the mechanical properties of SMA wires after a certain number of cyclic tensile training. With the loading rate increasing, the pinch effect of the hysteresis curves will be enlarged, while the effective elastic modulus and slope of the transformation stresses in the process of loading and unloading are also increased, and the maximum energy dissipation capacity of the SMA wires appears at a loading rate of 0.675 mm/s. Moreover, with the initial strain increasing, the slope of the transformation stresses in the process of loading is increased, while the effective elastic modulus and slope of the transformation stresses in the process of unloading are decreased, and the maximum energy dissipation capacity appears at the initial strain of 0.0075. In addition, a good agreement between the test and numerical results is obtained by comparing with the hysteresis curves and energy dissipation values, so the numerical model is useful to predict the stress–strain relations at different stages. The test and numerical results will also provide a basis for the design of corresponding self-centering steel dampers.

Local buckling capacity of C-shaped cold-formed steel sections with punched webs

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Loov
Keyword(s):  
Local Buckling ◽  
Effective Width ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Steel Sections ◽  
Load Tests ◽  
Cold Formed Steel ◽  
Stub Column ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
The Web

Load tests were carried out on 36 stub column samples of cold-formed steel studs having 38.1 mm wide × 44.5 mm long holes punched through their webs, steel thicknesses of 1.21–2.01 mm, and overall section depths of 63–204 mm. Based on these tests a best-fit equation for the effective width of the unstiffened portion of the web beside the holes has been developed. Suggested design equations have been proposed. The test results support the present equation for the average yield stress [Formula: see text] in Canadian Standards Association Standard S136-1974 but the present code equations for unstiffened plates are unduly conservative when applied to the design of the web adjacent to openings of the size considered.

scholarly journals Study of Mechanical Energy Dissipation by Normal and Decalcified Animals Bones

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
Abdul Rauf ◽  
Syed Ismail Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Applied Load ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Hysteresis Curve ◽  
Normal Bone ◽  
Dissipation Of Energy ◽  
Mechanical Energy Dissipation ◽  
Energy Dissipated

The energy dissipated properties of normal and decalcified femur, rib and scapula bones of animals ox and camel have been studied by uniform bending technique. A hysteresis curve has been observed between the elevation in bone and load applied. It is observed that the energy dissipated as calculated from the hysteresis loop for rib is more than that of femur and scapula of ox and camel. It has been observed that the dissipation of energy in normal bone is less than that of decalcified bone under the same condition of applied load. The highest energy dissipation was observed in case of rib bone of camel compared to that of any other bone, rib of camel and scapula of ox dissipates maximum energy than femur bones. The study suggests that this technique is simple, elegant and inexpensive besides accurate in determining viscoelastic properties of bone.

scholarly journals ANALYTICAL STUDY OF BEHAVIOR OF COLD FORMED STEEL SECTIONS WITH AND WITHOUT PERFORATION UNDER COMPRESSIVE LOADING

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Majahar M. Baraskar ◽  
Pranil Shetake ◽  
Prof. V. M Bogar ◽  
Dr. Y. M Ghugal
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Compressive Loading ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Steel Sections ◽  
Cold Formed Steel ◽  
Lower Temperature

Steel is used in construction industry due to its hardness and tensile strength. Cold formed steel is type of steel which is manufactured at lower temperature. Cold form steel became more popular in twentieth century in construction industry due to its high strength to weight ratio and post-buckling strength. The purpose of this study is to study the behavior of cold-formed steel sections of different shapes but of same cross sectional area for compressive loading. Effect of lips within same cross sectional area, effect of perforation and shape stiffener is evaluated on different sections as channel section, Z section and hat section. Eigen value buckling analysis was carried out to on twelve different models to obtain the buckling load and failure pattern. ANSYS WORKBENCH software was used for numerical simulation of sections. I.S. 801:1975 has been taken under consideration wherever required. Based upon the results, optimum section in each of cases as with lips, without lips and perforated amongst all three sections is suggested. Effect of shape stiffeners provided by previous researcher P. Manikandan on solid sections is evaluated to check its suitability with perforated sections.

Numerical Impact Analysis of Folding-Induced Tubular Thin-walled Energy-dissipating Elements

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-92
Author(s):  
Eugenio Ruocco ◽  
Antonia Giovenale ◽  
Danilo Di Giacinto
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Impact Angle ◽  
Galvanized Steel ◽  
Absorption Mechanism ◽  
Induced Folding ◽  
Cold Formed Steel ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Scale Experiment

This paper deals with the numerical impact analysis of tubular thin-walled steel-made elements with induced folding for energy dissipation application. The excellent deceleration of the impacting mass of axial collapsing structures favors their use in energy dissipation applications, such as impact resistance and rockfall protection. Dynamic Finite Element analyses have been carried out to evaluate the performance of vertical assemblies of cold-formed steel cell-shaped elements welded on each other to form collapsible tubular elements. In turn, these have been gathered in groups and restrained by galvanized steel wires to create modules. The axial collapse, which is the most effective energy absorption mechanism, has been triggered by shaping the elements' edge as serpentine. In the analysis, several assembly configurations have been subjected to a freefall rhombicuboctahedron-shaped rigid block impact; Falling height, impact angle, and block mass have been varied to investigate their effect on the performance. The numerical results show a good agreement when compared to those obtained through a real-scale experiment.

A study on the behaviour of cold formed steel sections based on fasteners

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Karthikeyan ◽  
K. M. Jeevananthan ◽  
T. Karis Prabakar ◽  
R. Harini ◽  
S. P. Murali Kannan
Keyword(s):  
Steel Sections ◽  
Cold Formed Steel

scholarly journals Review on Cold-Formed Steel Connections

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeong Huei Lee ◽  
Cher Siang Tan ◽  
Shahrin Mohammad ◽  
Mahmood Md Tahir ◽  
Poi Ngian Shek
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Rolled Steel ◽  
Steel Connections ◽  
Steel Framing ◽  
Steel Sections ◽  
Cold Formed Steel ◽  
Hot Rolled ◽  
Hot Rolled Steel ◽  
Review Current

The concept of cold-formed light steel framing construction has been widespread after understanding its structural characteristics with massive research works over the years. Connection serves as one of the important elements for light steel framing in order to achieve its structural stability. Compared to hot-rolled steel sections, cold-formed steel connections perform dissimilarity due to the thin-walled behaviour. This paper aims to review current researches on cold-formed steel connections, particularly for screw connections, storage rack connections, welded connections, and bolted connections. The performance of these connections in the design of cold-formed steel structures is discussed.

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