The stability challenge on the pathway to high-current-density polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolyzers

2018 ◽  
Vol 278 ◽  
pp. 324-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Rakousky ◽  
Gareth P. Keeley ◽  
Klaus Wippermann ◽  
Marcelo Carmo ◽  
Detlef Stolten
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Current Density ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
High Current ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
The Stability

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Water Electrolyzer Using OpenFOAM®: Two-Phase Flow Regime, Electrochemical Model

Membranes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 441
Author(s):  
Kyu Heon Rho ◽  
Youngseung Na ◽  
Taewook Ha ◽  
Dong Kyu Kim
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Electrochemical Model

In this study, an electrochemical model was incorporated into a two-phase model using OpenFOAM® (London, United Kingdom) to analyze the two-phase flow and electrochemical behaviors in a polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolyzer. The performances of serpentine and parallel designs are compared. The current density and overpotential distribution are analyzed, and the volume fractions of oxygen and hydrogen velocity are studied to verify their influence on the current density. The current density decreases sharply when oxygen accumulates in the porous transport layer. Therefore, the current density increased sharply by 3000 A/m2 at an operating current density of 10,000 A/m2. Maldistribution of the overpotential is also observed. Second, we analyze the behaviors according to the current density. At a low current density, most of the oxygen flows out of the electrolyzer. Therefore, the decrease in performance is low. However, the current density is maldistributed when it is high, which results in decreased performance. The current density increases abruptly by 12,000 A/m2. Finally, the performances of the parallel and serpentine channels are analyzed. At a high current density, the performance of the serpentine channel is higher than that of the parallel channel by 0.016 V.

scholarly journals Investigation of the stability of NiFe-(oxy)hydroxide anodes in alkaline water electrolysis under industrially relevant conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 5593-5601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Etzi Coller Pascuzzi ◽  
Alex J. W. Man ◽  
Andrey Goryachev ◽  
Jan P. Hofmann ◽  
Emiel J. M. Hensen
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Anodic Polarization ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
Water Electrolysis ◽  
High Current ◽  
Alkaline Water Electrolysis ◽  
Alkaline Water ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Stability

Anodic polarization conducted at high current density, elevated temperature, and high KOH concentration impacted the structure and performance of NiFeOxHy and NiOxHy anodes.

Current Distribution in a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Under Flooding Conditions

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Jamekhorshid ◽  
G. Karimi ◽  
X. Li
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Current Distribution ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Average Current Density ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Average Current

Non-uniform current distribution in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells results in local over-heating, accelerated ageing, and lower power output than expected. This issue is very critical when fuel cell experiences water flooding. In this work, the performance of a PEM fuel cell is investigated under cathode flooding conditions. A partially flooded GDL model is proposed to study local current density distributions along flow fields over a wide range of cell operating conditions. The model results show as cathode inlet humidity and/or cell pressure increase the average current density for the unflooded portions of the cell increases but the system becomes more sensitive to flooding. Operating the cell at higher temperatures would lead to higher average current densities and the chance of system being flooded is reduced. In addition, higher cathode stoichiometries prevent system flooding but the average current density remains almost constant.

Three dimensional numerical simulation of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 427-451
Author(s):  
Yeping Peng ◽  
Ghasem Bahrami ◽  
Hossein Khodadadi ◽  
Alireza Karimi ◽  
Ahmad Soleimani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane

Purpose The purpose of this study is simulation of of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell. Proton-exchange membrane fuel cells are promising power sources for use in power plants and vehicles. These fuel cells provide a high level of energy efficiency at low temperature without any pollution. The convection inside the cell plays a key role in the electrochemical reactions and the performance of the cell. Accordingly, the transport processes in these cells have been investigated thoroughly in previous studies that also carried out functional modeling. Design/methodology/approach A multi-phase model was used to study the limitations of the reactions and their impact on the performance of the cell. The governing equations (conservation of mass, momentum and particle transport) were solved by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) (ANSYS fluent) using appropriate source terms. The two-phase flow in the fuel cell was simulated three-dimensionally under steady-state conditions. The flow of water inside the cell was also simulated at high-current density. Findings The simulation results suggested that the porosity of the gas diffusion layer (GDL) is one of the most important design parameters with a significant impact on the current density limitation and, consequently, on the cell performance. Originality/value This study was mainly focused on the two-phase analysis of the steady flow in the fuel cell and on investigating the impacts of a two-phase flow on the performance of the cell and also on the flow in the GDL, the membrane and the catalyst layer using the CFD.

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