scholarly journals Retrospective Analysis of Patients Referred for Arteriovenous Fistula Formation

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. e24
Author(s):  
Andrew S. Kucey ◽  
Doireann Joyce ◽  
Teresa O’Neill ◽  
Greg Fulton ◽  
Brian J. Manning
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Fistula Formation

Abstract 461: A Novel Model of Spontaneous Arteriovenous Fistula Formation

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukinobu Ito ◽  
Makoto Yoshida ◽  
Hirotake Masuda ◽  
Hiroshi Nanjo ◽  
Akiteru Goto
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Network Formation ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Angiogenic Factors ◽  
Fistula Formation ◽  
Arterial Graft ◽  
Fish Analysis ◽  
Sphincter Muscle ◽  
Arterial Blood

Aims: Most In vivo angiogenesis studies have been performed by setting an ischemic condition, or by administrating angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor. Unexpectedly, we discovered to spontaneously create new blood vessels by just suturing an arterial graft patch in the jugular vein, using a rabbit model. In general, arteriovenous malformations consist of tangles of arteries and veins that are often connected by a fistula. However, the causes and mechanisms of these clinical entities are not fully understood. The purpose of this study is to show the methods used to produce the model, and then to report the chronological processes involved in the development of this neovasculature and the change of endogenous angiogenic factors. Methods and Results: We performed to suture an arterial graft patch into the rabbit vein. Within a month after the surgery, dense (nidus-like) neovasculature was formed around the patch. Angiography and pulse-oximeter analyses demonstrated that the blood, which flew into the new vessels, was arterial blood. It means that arteriovenous shunt has been formed.. Pathological evaluation revealed multiple branching vessels sprouting out from the patch suture site, and numerous dilated vessels devoid of sphincter muscle in the surrounding connective tissue. We determined, by FISH analysis, that these branches had originated from the graft itself. The endogenous angiogenic factors, such as VEGF, have soared immediately after the surgery. Conclusion: This is the first in vivo model of spontaneous arteriovenous fistula formation via the creation of neovasculature. These findings exemplify the difference between the arterial and venous intima, and we believe that this difference could be key to understanding human vascular anomaly diseases and the basic principles of vascular network formation, angiogenesis and/or vasculogenesis.

scholarly journals A rare case of arteriovenous fistula formation in a patient with inferior vena cava thrombosis, successfully managed with endovascular recanalisation

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 20190007
Author(s):  
Vanya Joshi ◽  
Frances Sheehan ◽  
Alexander Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Venous Hypertension ◽  
Fistula Formation ◽  
Ivc Thrombosis ◽  
Ivc Filters

Inferior vena cava (IVC) filters are recommended for patients with proximal deep vein thrombosis (DVT) who are not eligible for anticoagulation. Long-dwelling filters are well-known to be associated with the development of IVC thrombosis. Chronic caval occlusion can lead to a severe post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS), with manifestations of chronic venous insufficiency in the lower extremities. Animal studies have shown that post-thrombotic inflammation can trigger the development of an arteriovenous fistula (AVF), however, there is limited evidence for this phenomenon in patients with PTS. We describe the case of a spontaneous AVF in a patient with long-standing IVC thrombosis. It was postulated that the AVF could be compounding the venous hypertension and severe swelling of his lower extremities. The case additionally demonstrates the successful results of endovascular recanalisation for an occluded filter in the presence of an AVF.

scholarly journals Arteriovenous fistula formation after central venous catheterisation

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. e230429
Author(s):  
Michael Omar ◽  
William Kogler ◽  
Christopher Izzo ◽  
Lisa Jones
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Fistula Formation ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Central Venous Catheterisation

scholarly journals Acquired arteriovenous fistula formation following cephalic vein intravenous catheterisation in a cat

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 205511691983185
Author(s):  
Lisa Graziano ◽  
Stefania Di Paco ◽  
Giancarlo Avallone ◽  
Paola Roccabanca
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
High Velocity ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Cephalic Vein ◽  
Fistula Formation ◽  
Deep Dermis ◽  
Velocity Flow ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

Case summary A 10-year-old male neutered domestic shorthair cat was presented with a 4 month history of slow, progressive swelling and intermittent multifocal bleeding of the distal right forepaw that progressively developed after cephalic vein catheterisation for anaesthesia. The procedure was performed for dental calculus removal. Initial clinical and biopsy (superficial biopsy) findings matched two differential diagnoses: progressive angiomatosis and acquired peripheral arteriovenous fistula (AVF). AVF was suspected based on Doppler ultrasound examination that identified multiple abnormal sinusoidal neoformed branching vessels with turbulent high-velocity flow spectrum at the confluence of the artery and vein, and high-velocity arterialised flow in the vein. Owing to rapid and severe progression of lesions after biopsy, the owner requested amputation of the cat’s limb. A definitive diagnosis of acquired iatrogenic peripheral AVF was based on deep-tissue microscopical evaluation. High numbers of arterioles and venules in superficial and deep dermis embedded in oedematous stroma were connected to dilated and tortuous vessels with irregularly thickened walls in deep dermis and panniculus. Vasculitis and vascular thrombosis and thickening (attributed to local hypertension) were common findings. No bone or muscular invasion were observed. The cat was doing well 3 years after surgery. Relevance and novel information This report describes a case of iatrogenic acquired peripheral AVF following venous catheterisation in a cat, fully documented for the first time by a combination of clinical findings, ultrasound imaging, complete histopathology and follow-up history.

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