scholarly journals Aortic Stiffness and Vitamin D are Independent Markers of Aortic Calcification in Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease and in Healthy Subjects

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 689-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zagura ◽  
M. Serg ◽  
P. Kampus ◽  
M. Zilmer ◽  
J. Eha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Peripheral Arterial Disease ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Aortic Calcification ◽  
Peripheral Arterial

Abdominal Aortic Calcifications Predict Survival in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 366-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satu Mäkelä ◽  
Markku Asola ◽  
Henrik Hadimeri ◽  
James Heaf ◽  
Maija Heiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Peripheral Arterial Disease ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Aortic Calcification ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Peripheral Arterial

BackgroundPeripheral arterial disease and vascular calcifications contribute significantly to the outcome of dialysis patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic role of severity of abdominal aortic calcifications and peripheral arterial disease on outcome of peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients using methods easily available in everyday clinical practice.MethodsWe enrolled 249 PD patients (mean age 61 years, 67% male) in this prospective, observational, multicenter study from 2009 to 2013. The abdominal aortic calcification score (AACS) was assessed using lateral lumbar X ray, and the ankle-brachial index (ABI) using a Doppler device.ResultsThe median AACS was 11 (range 0 – 24). In 58% of the patients, all 4 segments of the abdominal aorta showed deposits, while 19% of patients had no visible deposits (AACS 0). Ankle-brachial index was normal in 49%, low (< 0.9) in 17%, and high (> 1.3) in 34% of patients. Altogether 91 patients (37%) died during the median follow-up of 46 months. Only 2 patients (5%) with AACS 0 died compared with 50% of the patients with AACS ≥ 7 ( p < 0.001). The adjusted hazard ratio for all-cause mortality was 4.85 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.94 – 24.46) for aortic calcification (AACS ≥ 7), 2.14 for diabetes (yes/no), 0.93 for albumin (per 1 g/L), and 1.04 for age (per year). A low or high ABI were not independently associated with mortality.ConclusionsSevere aortic calcification was a strong predictor of all-cause mortality in PD patients. The evaluation of aortic calcifications by lateral X ray is a simple method that allows the identification of high-risk patients.

scholarly journals Vitamin D as A Protector of Arterial Health: Potential Role in Peripheral Arterial Disease Formation

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (19) ◽  
pp. 4907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smriti Murali Krishna
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Peripheral Arterial Disease ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Peripheral Arterial

Atherosclerotic occlusive diseases and aneurysms that affect large and medium-sized arteries outside the cardiac and cerebral circulation are collectively known as peripheral arterial disease (PAD). With a rise in the rate of aging population worldwide, the number of people diagnosed with PAD is rapidly increasing. The micronutrient vitamin D is an important steroid hormone that acts on many crucial cellular mechanisms. Experimental studies suggest that optimal levels of vitamin D have beneficial effects on the heart and blood vessels; however, high vitamin D concentrations have been implicated in promoting vascular calcification and arterial stiffness. Observations from various clinical studies shows that deficiency of vitamin D has been associated with a greater risk of PAD. Epidemiological studies have often reported an inverse relation between circulating vitamin D status measured in terms of 25-hydroxivitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and increased cardiovascular disease risk; however, randomized controlled trials did not show a consistent positive effect of vitamin D supplementation on cardiovascular disease risk or events. Even though PAD shares all the major risk factors with cardiovascular diseases, the effect of vitamin D deficiency in PAD is not clear. Current evidence suggests a strong role of vitamin D in promoting genomic and epigenomic changes. This review summarises the current literature that supports the notion that vitamin D deficiency may promote PAD formation. A better understanding of underlying pathological mechanisms will open up new therapeutic possibilities which is the main unmet need in PAD management. Furthermore, epigenetic evidence shows that a more holistic approach towards PAD prevention that incorporates a healthy lifestyle, adequate exercise and optimal nutrition may be more effective in protecting the genome and maintaining a healthy vasculature.

Atherosclerosis: Carotid vessel wall thickness and aortic stiffness compared to stenosis class in peripheral arterial disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. e38-e39
Author(s):  
Harrie CM van den Bosch ◽  
Jos JM Westenberg ◽  
Wikke Setz-Pels ◽  
Alette Daniels-Gooszen ◽  
Lucien EM Duijm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Arterial Disease ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Vessel Wall Thickness ◽  
Carotid Vessel Wall ◽  
Peripheral Arterial ◽  
Carotid Vessel

scholarly journals Thermography-based analysis of lower limb vascular response to thermal challenge in patients with diabetes mellitus

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Usanov ◽  
A. V. Skripal ◽  
S. N. Potakhin ◽  
A. A. Sagaidachnyi ◽  
A. V. Fomin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Peripheral Arterial Disease ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Thermal Impact ◽  
Vascular Response ◽  
Compensation Mechanisms ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Peripheral Arterial

The aim of the study - thermography-based analysis of lower limb vascular response to thermal impact in patients with trophic disorders, diabetes mellitus and peripheral atherosclerosis. Materials and methods. Thermal impact was carried out using the heating pad acting for 20 minutes. Control of temperature of back of the feet was performed by thermal imaging camera with a thermal sensitivity of 0.02°C. The study involved a group of 8 subjects without vascular disorders of the lower limbs (controls), and patient group of 8 subjects with trophic disorders due to the progression of diabetes and atherosclerosis (age of 67±8 years). All patients had type 2 diabetes and peripheral arterial disease with different levels and the degree of the main arterial occlusion. Intensity of trophic disorders changed from apical necrosis and trophic ulcers to gangrene of the foot. We calculated spectral amplitude parameters and temperature dynamics. Fourier transform was used to perform spectral analysis of temperature data. Results. Temperature response of limbs in patients with diabetes compared with healthy subjects was characterized by monotonous temperature variation without distinct oscillations; reduction in amplitude of oscillations within endothelial temperature range; relatively high average temperature difference between the left and right foot. In the group of healthy subjects reaction on thermal impact is not strictly two-stage, usually interpretable by theory as primary and secondary vasodilation. Conclusions. Decrease of temperature amplitude of endothelial range registered during thermal impact can be the sign of endothelial dysfunction in patients with diabetes and peripheral arterial disease. Spectral and temperature characteristics of reaction of limbs on thermal impact can be used to assess trophic disorders and compensation mechanisms of regulation of metabolic processes in the group of patients with diabetes mellitus.

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