scholarly journals Manipulating Arterial Fluid-shear Stress and Arteriogenesis in the Brain

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 597-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.-H. Rolland ◽  
L. Bruzzese
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Fluid Shear Stress ◽  
Fluid Shear ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Assessment of the Effects of Bisphenol A on Dopamine Synthesis and Blood Vessels in the Goldfish Brain

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (24) ◽  
pp. 6206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Wang ◽  
Fangmei Lin ◽  
Qi He ◽  
Xiaochun Liu ◽  
Shiqiang Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Fluid Shear Stress ◽  
Dopamine Neurons ◽  
Dopamine Synthesis ◽  
Exposure Group ◽  
Fluid Shear ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
The Brain

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an abundant contaminant found in aquatic environments. While a large number of toxicological studies have investigated the effects of BPA, the potential effects of BPA exposure on fish brain have rarely been studied. To understand how BPA impacts goldfish brains, we performed a transcriptome analysis of goldfish brains that had been exposed to 50 μg L−1 and 0 μg L−1 BPA for 30 days. In the analysis of unigene expression profiles, 327 unigenes were found to be upregulated and 153 unigenes were found to be downregulated in the BPA exposure group compared to the control group. Dopaminergic signaling pathway-related genes were significantly downregulated in the BPA exposure group. Furthermore, we found that serum dopamine concentrations decreased and TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase 2-deoxyuridine, 5-triphosphate nick end labeling) staining was present in dopamine neurons enriched regions in the brain after BPA exposure, suggesting that BPA may disrupt dopaminergic processes. A KEGG analysis revealed that genes involved in the fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis pathway were highly significantly enriched. In addition, the qRT-PCR results for fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis pathway-related genes and the vascular histology of the brain showed that BPA exposure could damage blood vessels and induce brain atherosclerosis. The results of this work provide insights into the biological effects of BPA on dopamine synthesis and blood vessels in goldfish brain and could lay a foundation for future BPA neurotoxicity studies.

scholarly journals Epigenetic Changes During Mechanically Induced Osteogenic Lineage Commitment

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia C. Chen ◽  
Mardonn Chua ◽  
Raymond B. Bellon ◽  
Christopher R. Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Fluid Shear Stress ◽  
Methylation Status ◽  
Lineage Commitment ◽  
Fluid Shear ◽  
Osteogenic Lineage ◽  
Osteogenic Markers ◽  
Heterochromatin Structure

Osteogenic lineage commitment is often evaluated by analyzing gene expression. However, many genes are transiently expressed during differentiation. The availability of genes for expression is influenced by epigenetic state, which affects the heterochromatin structure. DNA methylation, a form of epigenetic regulation, is stable and heritable. Therefore, analyzing methylation status may be less temporally dependent and more informative for evaluating lineage commitment. Here we analyzed the effect of mechanical stimulation on osteogenic differentiation by applying fluid shear stress for 24 hr to osteocytes and then applying the osteocyte-conditioned medium (CM) to progenitor cells. We analyzed gene expression and changes in DNA methylation after 24 hr of exposure to the CM using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and bisulfite sequencing. With fluid shear stress stimulation, methylation decreased for both adipogenic and osteogenic markers, which typically increases availability of genes for expression. After only 24 hr of exposure to CM, we also observed increases in expression of later osteogenic markers that are typically observed to increase after seven days or more with biochemical induction. However, we observed a decrease or no change in early osteogenic markers and decreases in adipogenic gene expression. Treatment of a demethylating agent produced an increase in all genes. The results indicate that fluid shear stress stimulation rapidly promotes the availability of genes for expression, but also specifically increases gene expression of later osteogenic markers.

Patterns of fluid shear stress determine atherosclerotic lesion size and vulnerability

2006 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. e51
Author(s):  
Caroline Cheng ◽  
Dennie Tempel ◽  
Luc van Damme ◽  
Rien van Haperen ◽  
Rob Krams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Fluid Shear Stress ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesion ◽  
Lesion Size ◽  
Fluid Shear

The rate of fluid shear stress is a potent regulator for the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 (9) ◽  
pp. 16312-16319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danyang Yue ◽  
Mengxue Zhang ◽  
Juan Lu ◽  
Jin Zhou ◽  
Yuying Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Fluid Shear Stress ◽  
Fluid Shear

scholarly journals Fluid shear stress induces osteoblast differentiation and arrests the cell cycle at the G0 phase via the ERK1/2 pathway

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 8699-8708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liyin Yu ◽  
Xingfeng Ma ◽  
Junqin Sun ◽  
Jie Tong ◽  
Liang Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Osteoblast Differentiation ◽  
Fluid Shear Stress ◽  
Fluid Shear ◽  
G0 Phase

scholarly journals TAZ responds to fluid shear stress to regulate the cell cycle

Cell Cycle ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Jung Lee ◽  
Adesuwa Ewere ◽  
Miguel F. Diaz ◽  
Pamela L. Wenzel
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Fluid Shear Stress ◽  
Fluid Shear
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