Pros and cons of fish skin cells in culture: Long-term full skin and short-term scale cell culture from rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

2011 ◽  
Vol 90 (12) ◽  
pp. 1041-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Rakers ◽  
Matthias Klinger ◽  
Charli Kruse ◽  
Marina Gebert
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Fish Skin ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Skin Cells ◽  
Cells In Culture ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Pros And Cons

scholarly journals Long-term exposure to low 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) concentrations disrupts both the reproductive and the immune system of juvenile rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 105836
Author(s):  
Kristina Rehberger ◽  
Elena Wernicke von Siebenthal ◽  
Christyn Bailey ◽  
Patrick Bregy ◽  
Melanie Fasel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Juvenile Rainbow Trout ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss

Long-term primary culture of epithelial cells from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) liver

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 367-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary K. Ostrander ◽  
James B. Blair ◽  
Beverly A. Stark ◽  
Garry M. Marley ◽  
Wesley D. Bales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Primary Culture ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss

DETERMINATION OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN RAINBOW TROUT, ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS, USING A STABLE ISOTOPE

1994 ◽  
Vol 189 (1) ◽  
pp. 279-284
Author(s):  
C Carter ◽  
S Owen ◽  
Z He ◽  
P Watt ◽  
C Scrimgeour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Terrestrial Mammals ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss

It has been suggested (Houlihan, 1991) that the consumption of 1 g of protein in a variety of species of fish stimulates the synthesis of, approximately, an equal amount of protein. Although synthesis of protein may account for as much as 40 % of the whole-animal oxygen consumption (Lyndon et al. 1992), only about 30 % of the synthesized proteins are retained as growth (Houlihan et al. 1988; Carter et al. 1993a,b). Thus, one focus of attention is the potential advantage gained by fish in allocating a considerable proportion of assimilated energy to protein turnover in contrast to relatively low-cost, low-turnover protein growth (Houlihan et al. 1993). Rates of protein synthesis in several species of fish have been measured using radioactively labelled amino acids, frequently given as a flooding dose (reviewed by Fauconneau, 1985; Houlihan, 1991). These measurements cannot be made for longer than a few hours because of the decline in specific radioactivity in the amino acid free pool. However, as protein synthesis rates vary during the course of a day as a result of the post-prandial stimulation, and since radiolabelled amino acid methodology is invasive, short-term and terminal, it has been difficult to be certain of the relationship between protein growth measured in the long term and protein synthesis rates measured in the short term. This paper addresses these problems by developing a method using 15N in orally administered protein to measure protein synthesis rates in fish over relatively long periods, the aim being to use procedures that are as non-invasive and repeatable as possible. The use of stable isotopes to measure protein metabolism is well established in terrestrial mammals (see Rennie et al. 1991; Wolfe, 1992), but to our knowledge the only published data for aquatic ectotherms are on the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis L.) (Hawkins, 1985). In the present study, rates of protein synthesis of individual rainbow trout [Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)] were calculated from the enrichment of excreted ammonia with 15N over the 48 h following the feeding of a single meal (dose) containing protein uniformly labelled with 15N by use of an end-point stochastic model (Waterlow et al. 1978; Wolfe, 1992). Application of this type of modelling would appear to be ideal for measuring ammonotelic fish nitrogen metabolism since, unlike the situation in mammals, the catabolic flux of amino acids through urea is very small. Further, ammonia is excreted directly into the surrounding water via the gills and is not stored for any length of time, in contrast to the situation in mammals, so the rate of tracer appearance is easily measurable.

Studies on the infectivity of Diplostomum spathaceum in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

1991 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Whyte ◽  
C. J. Secombes ◽  
L. H. Chappell
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Fish Skin ◽  
Tail Region ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Diplostomum Spathaceum

ABSTRACTThe infectivity of Diplostomum spathaceum (Digenea: Trematoda) cercariae to rainbow trout and the efficacy of the diplostomule migration to the lens following different routes of administration was examined. The optimum age of infectivity for cercariae was between 0–5 h after liberation from the snail and for intraperitoneally injected diplostomules, 5 h post-transformation in vitro through fish skin. After exposure of the entire fish body or head to cercariae, metacercariae first appeared in the lens at 5 h and their numbers gradually increased until 22 h. Following exposure of the tail region of rainbow trout to cercariae, metacercariae first appeared in the lens at 14 h. Significantly more metacercariae established in the lens of fish following exposure of the fish head compared with the tail region; 40% of penetrating cercariae reached the lens of fish following exposure of the head or entire body, 20% of cercariae or diplostomules injected either intraperitoneally, intramuscularly or intracardially reached the lens while only 5% of cercariae established as metacercariae following exposure of the tail region.

Branchial Morphological and Endocrine Responses of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to a Long-Term Sublethal Acid Exposure In Which Acclimation Did Not Occur

1993 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 198-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Céline Audet ◽  
Chris M. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Chloride Cell ◽  
Chloride Cells ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
Mucous Cells ◽  
Diffusion Distance ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss

Changes in branchial morphology and in plasma Cortisol, adrenaline, and noradrenaline were quantified throughout an 81 -d exposure of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to sublethal acidity (pH 4.8) in artificial soft water and after a 5-h acid challenge (pH 4.0) of naive fish and 81-d acid-preexposed fish. Changes in branchial morphology at pH 4.8 were generally very mild and characterized by slight increases in filamental mucous cells and decreases in lamellar mucous cells. Chloride cell numbers and branchial Na+–K+- and total ATPase activities did not change. The filamental epithelium thickened, but the water–blood diffusion distance in the lamellae decreased during chronic exposure. Cortisol was significantly elevated throughout whereas catecholamines exhibited relatively little response. Response to acute pH 4.0 challenge was similar in naive and 81-d acid-exposed fish: epithelial damage, increase in visible mucous cells, loss of chloride cells by necrosis, and high cortisol levels but no changes in lamellar or filamental epithelial thickness, diffusion distance, ATPase activities, or catecholamine levels. Previously reported physiological data from these same trout demonstrated that sensitization rather than acclimation had occurred. Therefore, these observations support the view that acclimation does not occur in the absence of significant branchial damage and repair.

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