scholarly journals The aqueous extract of Ocimum gratissimum leaves ameliorates acetic acid-induced colitis via improving antioxidant status and hematological parameters in male Wistar rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kehinde P. Olamilosoye ◽  
Rufus O. Akomolafe ◽  
Olumide S. Akinsomisoye ◽  
Modinat A. Adefisayo ◽  
Quadri K. Alabi
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

scholarly journals Antioxidant status and hepato-protective role of Anchomanes difformis in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in male Wistar rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-36
Author(s):  
Toyin D. Alabi ◽  
Nicole L. Brooks ◽  
Oluwafemi O. Oguntibeju
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Liver Dysfunction ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Hepatic Injuries

SummaryIntroduction: The liver is involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics and their metabolites and it is vulnerable to oxidative damage. Hyperglycaemia is highly implicated in the progression of diabetes mellitus, and adversely affects the liver. Though, conventional hypoglycaemic drugs may be effective in reducing blood glucose, they do not appear to be effective in attenuating the progression of diabetes and its complications.Objective: This study evaluated the ameliorative effects of Anchomanes difformis on hyperglycaemia and hepatic injuries in type 2 diabetes.Methods: Type 2 diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats with a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg BW) after two weeks of fructose (10%) administration. Aqueous extract of A. difformis (200 and 400 mg/kg BW) and glibenclamide (5 mg/kg BW) were administered orally for six weeks. Blood glucose concentrations were measured. Serum levels of liver dysfunction markers (ALT, AST, and ALP), total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol were investigated. Total protein, albumin, and globulin were also assessed. Antioxidant parameters: ORAC, GSH, GSSG, SOD, CAT and FRAP were evaluated in the liver while ORAC, FRAP and lipid peroxidation were determined in the serum. Histological examination of the liver tissue was carried out.Results: Treatment with aqueous extract of A. difformis significantly (p<0.05) reduced blood glucose and reversed steatosis in the diabetic-treated rats. The antioxidant status of diabetic-treated rats was significantly (p<0.05) improved. Serum levels of liver dysfunction markers were significantly (p<0.05) reduced in diabetic-treated rats.Conclusion: The findings in this study revealed that 400 mg/kgBW Anchomanes difformis was more effective than 200 mg/kg BW in ameliorating diabetes-induced hepatopathy, however, both doses of Anchomanes difformis demonstrated more antidiabetic ability than glibenclamide. Anchomanes difformis may be a novel and potential therapeutic agent in the management of diabetes and resulted hepatic injuries.

scholarly journals Effects of Aqueous Extract of Ocimum gratissimum Leaves and Vitamin C on Lead Acetate-induced Changes in the Thymus of Adult Wistar Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
G. N. Okechukwu ◽  
E. Ezor ◽  
E. Finbarrs-Bello ◽  
L. N. Ebube ◽  
G. C. Uzomba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Lead Toxicity ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Induced Changes

Lead is a heavy metal found in earth’s crust. It is a widespread and insidious environmental toxin known as a severe and aggressive contaminant to human and animal organisms’ health status. This work is aimed at evaluating the effect of aqueous extract of Ocimum gratissimum (OG) on lead induced changes in the thymus of adult albino wistar rats. Thirty five male Wistar rats were used in the study and were randomly divided into seven groups with five rats in each group. The rats in Group one (G1) served as the Control and received distilled water. Group 2 received 120 mg/kg body weight (bwt) of lead acetate, G3 received 375 mg/kg bwt of OG only. G4 received 120 mg/kg bwt of lead acetate and OG extract at 375 mg/kg bwt., G5 received 120 mg/kg bwt of lead and OG at 750 mg/kg bwt. G6 received 375 mg/kg bwt of OG in two weeks followed by 120 mg/kg bwt of lead acetate for one week, while G7 received 120 mg/kg bwt of lead acetate and Vitamin C at 11900 mg/kg. All the administrations were carried out orally for twenty one (21) days. At the end of the administration, the rats were fasted for 24 hours. They weighted and humanely sacrificed via cervical dislocation. The thymus were harvested in all the groups and prepared for histological studies using routine haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining techniques. The result of the present study shows that lead possessed a distortive effect in the histoarchitecture of thymus of the wistar rat in G2 when compared with G1. Treatment of these experimental animals with vitamin C prove to posses more ameliorative effect in restoring the histoarchitecture on lead toxicity in the thymus closed to normal than OG. Therefore, it is suggested that aqueous extract OG can act via the same pathway as vitamin C, in maintaining the normal histological structures of the thymus of adult albino wistar rat exposed to lead toxicity.

scholarly journals Effect of aqueous extract of Ocimum gratissimum on acetaminophen induced renal toxicity in male wistar rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (28) ◽  
pp. 522-527
Author(s):  
Linda Okerulu ◽  
Ani Celestine ◽  
Nworgu Choice ◽  
Uzoma Igwe ◽  
Emeka Ugwuishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Renal Toxicity ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

scholarly journals Antioxidant Evaluation of the Aqueous Extract of Hulls of Campsiandra laurifolia in Colitis Induced by Acetic Acid in Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (02) ◽  
pp. 138-144
Author(s):  
Lucas Petitemberte de Souza ◽  
Henrique Sarubbi Fillmann ◽  
Sandielly Rebeca Benitez da Fonseca ◽  
Marilda da Silva Brasil ◽  
Norma Anair Possa Marroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Experimental Colitis ◽  
Anal Pressure ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Sphincter Anal

AbstractDue to the ethnopharmacological use of Campsiandra laurifolia (Fabaceae), popularly known as Acapurana, to treat wounds and ulcers, associated with the lack of alternative treatments for intestinal inflammations such as ulcerative colitis (UC), the present work sought to characterize its phytochemical and antioxidant activities, and to evaluate remedial action in experimental colitis with acetic acid. Phytochemical analyzes were performed through qualitative and quantitative colorimetric tests of the main secondary metabolites. In the colitis model, 24 male Wistar rats aged ± 60 days old were used, divided into 4 groups: Control (CO) control + aqueous extract of C. laurifolia 50 mg/kg (CO + A50); Colitis (CL); and Colitis + aqueous extract of C. laurifolia 50 mg/kg (CL + A50). Measurement of sphincter anal pressure and histological tests of the large intestine, lipoperoxidation (LPO), enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and levels of glutathione (GSH) were performed. For statistical analysis, the oxidative stress (OS) results were expressed as means ± standard error, adopting a significance level of p < 0.05. The screening indicated the presence of flavonoids, saponins and tannins in the extract, with high levels of phenolic compounds and tannins, and was related to high antioxidant capacity. In the histological analysis, the CL group presented loss of the crypts, edema and inflammatory infiltrate. The use of C. laurifolia extract restructured the crypts, decreased edema and increased sphincter anal pressure, with a decrease in LPO, SOD, and an increase in GSH. It is suggested that the use of C. laurifolia extract reduces OS due to its antioxidant power conferred by the phenolic compounds present in the extract.

Ocimum gratissimum enhances insulin sensitivity in male Wistar rats with dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shehu-Tijani Toyin Shittu ◽  
Taye Jemilat Lasisi ◽  
Seyid Alli-Sisse Shittu ◽  
Adeyinka Adeyemi ◽  
Tolulope James Adeoye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

scholarly journals Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of an aqueous extract of blended leaves of Ocimum gratissimum and Psidium guajava

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akinyinka O. Alabi ◽  
Abayomi M. Ajayi ◽  
Osarume Omorogbe ◽  
Solomon Umukoro
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Antinociceptive Activity ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Hot Plate Test ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Plate Test ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background To investigate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of aqueous extract of a blended mixture of dried leaves of Ocimum gratissimum and Psidium guajava, a traditional analgesic drug polyherbal (TADP) used as a remedy for pain-related conditions. Methods Antinociceptive activity of TADP (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) was evaluated in the hot plate test and acetic acid-induced nociception in mice while the anti-inflammatory was evaluated in carrageenan-induced paw oedema in rats. Levels of nitrite, myeloperoxidase, glutathione and malondialdehyde were assayed in carrageenan-induced paw tissue. Results TADP (200 and 400 mg/kg) significantly prolong the latency time in the hot-plate test. TADP (100–400 mg/kg) produced a dose-dependent significant inhibition of the acetic-acid induced abdominal constriction. The antinociceptive activity of TADP in the presence of naloxone and atropine was not reversed whereas yohimbine and glibenclamide significantly reversed it. TADP (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) significantly reduced the swelling in the carrageenan-induced oedema model and also produced a reduction in the nitrite and myeloperoxidase level. TADP (400 mg/kg) significantly reduced malondialdehyde concentration and increase glutathione level in the carrageenan-induced rat paw. TADP significantly decrease the number of cellular infiltrates in the histopathological assessment. Conclusion These results indicate that polyherbal product containing blended leaves of Ocimum gratissimum and Psidium guajava possess antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties, hence represents a promising alternative remedy in inflammation-induced pain.

Biochemical and histopathological effects of low dose vanadium in the healing of acetic acid-induced colitis in male wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tosan Peter Omayone ◽  
Samuel Babafemi Olaleye
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Haematological Changes ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Histopathological Effects

Abstract Objectives Vanadium has been reported to possess relevant therapeutic properties such as anti-diabetic and anti-tumoral. This study aimed at determining the effects of vanadium on experimentally induced colitis in rats. Methods Forty-five male Wistar rats (103 ± 3.90 g, n=15) were used for this study and were divided into three groups. Group 1 (Untreated control) had nothing added to their drinking, while groups 2 and 3 received sodium metavanadate at a dose of 50 and 200 mg/L respectively in their drinking water for 10 weeks. Colitis was thereafter induced by intra colonic administration of 1.50 mL of 6% acetic acid. Animals were sacrificed on day 0 (pre-induction), three- and seven-days post induction. Blood samples were collected for haematological variables and the distal 8 cm of the colon was collected for macroscopic, histological and biochemical (malondialdehyde-MDA, superoxide dismutase-SOD, catalase-CAT, glutathione peroxidase- GPx and nitrite concentration- NO) assessment. Results Low dose vanadium proved beneficial in ameliorating acetic acid-induced colitis by improving both histopathological and haematological changes. Gross observation showed a faster healing rate in vanadium treated groups (50 and 200 mg/L) compared with untreated control at day 3 (40 and 26.20 vs. 2.50%) and day 7 (80 and 66.70 vs. 42%) respectively. Vanadium also appears to exert its beneficial effects on acetic acid-induced colitis via up regulation of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GPx) and NO while decreasing the over production of MDA. Conclusions Vanadium at small concentration functions as an essential trace element and may be able to promote healing process during ulcerative colitis.

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