Modeling sensitivity of grain yield to elevated temperature in the DSSAT crop models for peanut, soybean, dry bean, chickpea, sorghum, and millet

2018 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 99-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.J. Boote ◽  
Vara Prasad ◽  
L.H. Allen ◽  
P. Singh ◽  
J.W. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Crop Models

scholarly journals Effect of elevated temperature on green gram [Vigna radiata (I).Wilczek] performance under temperature gradient tunnel (TGT) environment in Punjab

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
HARPREET SINGH ◽  
PRABHJYOT KAUR ◽  
S.K. BAL ◽  
B.U. CHOUDHURY
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Ambient Condition ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Semi Arid

Physiology of green gram is highly sensitive to fluctuations in the thermal environment. Abnormally high temperatures during pod setting to pod development stage induces reduction in pod setting, nonhealthy development and early maturity of grain which results in yield decline. We evaluated the effect of elevated temperatures in a Temperature Gradient Tunnel (TGT) on phenology, physiology and crop performance of green gram cultivars at semi-arid climate of Indian Punjab (Ludhiana). Five green gram cultivars were grown in TGT chambers in a factorial randomized block design with varying level of elevated temperatures (+3.3° C to 5.2° C) for two consecutive kharif seasons (2015-2016). The results reveal that the phenological stages of green gram, were advanced under elevated temperature within the TGT compared to open / ambient condition by 12-13 days. Maximum influence was observed in pod formationand pod maturity stages. With rise in temperatures by 3.3 to 5.2°C in TGT over ambient condition, the plant height increased but the number of branches per plant and the total above ground biomass as well as grain yield decreased consistently. It was found that with 1 oC increase in average seasonal temperature, the grain yield decreased by 75 kg ha-1. On the other hand, the harvest index was in general lower inside TGT chamber implying adverse influence of elevated temperature on biomass production although the partitioning of biomass was more efficient inside the TGT as evident from increase in harvest index. There was strong negative correlation of elevated temperature (inside TGT) with different yield attributes like 1000 seed weight, number of seeds per pod and number of pods per plant. Among the five green gram cultivars, ML-2037 was the most tolerant while cv. SML-1811 was the most susceptible to elevated temperature condition. In general, the grain yield decreased linearly with gradual increase in temperature.Average seasonal temperature of 29-30 oC may be considered as the favourable thermal conditions for the green gram crop in semi-arid conditions of Punjab. However, the future thrust will be to create more temperature gradients in the lower side so that the critical temperature threshold limits for optimum yield of green gram can be ascertained more accurately.

scholarly journals Calibration and test of the cropgro-dry bean model for edaphoclimatic conditions in the savanas of Central Brazil

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 723-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elza Jacqueline Leite Meireles ◽  
Antonio Roberto Pereira ◽  
Paulo Cesar Sentelhas ◽  
Luis Fernando Stone ◽  
Francisco José Pfeilsticker Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
Bean Crop

Simulation models are important tools for the analysis of cultivated systems to estimate the performance of crops in different environments. The CROPGRO- model (DSSAT) was calibrated and validated using Carioca bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to estimate yield and the development of the crop, sown in three row spacings (0.4, 0.5, and 0.6 m) and two fertilization rates (300 and 500 kg ha-1 of 4-30-16 N-P-K), in Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, Brazil. To calibrate the model a combination of the genetic coefficients that characterize the phenology and morphology of the dry bean crop was used to obtain the best possible fit between predicted and observed anthesis and physiological maturity dates, leaf area index (LAI), total dry matter (TDM), yield components, and grain yield for the 0.6 m row spacing. To test the model the experimental records of the 0.4 and 0.5 m row spacings were used. In both, calibration and test, the performance of the model was evaluated plotting observed and predicted values of LAI and TDM versus time, using the r², and the agreement index (d) as statistical criteria. In relation to yield and yield components the percent difference between the observed and predicted data was calculated. The model appeared to be adequate to simulate phenology, grain yield and yield components for the Carioca bean cultivar, related to different levels of fertilization and row spacing, either during calibration or the testing phase. During the test, the grain yield was overestimated by less than 15.4%, indicating a potential use for the calibrated model in assessing climatic risks in this region.

scholarly journals Grain yield, stability and bacterial brown spot disease of dark red kidney dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes across six environments in South Africa

2020 ◽  
pp. 1433-1442
Author(s):  
Venâncio Salegua ◽  
Rob Melis ◽  
Deidré Fourie ◽  
Julia Sibiya ◽  
Cousin Musvosvi
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Bacterial Brown Spot

Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is grown under an extensive range of agro-climatic conditions and is an essential source of protein and income globally. This study aimed to evaluate yield performance, stability, and bacterial brown spot (BBS) disease resistance of fourteen dark red kidney genotypes across environments in South Africa namely Carolina, Clarens, Cedara, Middelburg, Potchefstroom, and Warden. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) and the genotype plus genotype by environment interaction (GGE-biplot) analysis were used to evaluate grain yield performance, stability, and BBS disease resistance. The AMMI ANOVA revealed that mean squares for grain yield and BBS severity for the environment, genotype, and genotype by environment interaction were highly significant (P<0.001). Four interaction principal components (IPCA1 - 4) for grain yield and IPCA1 for BBS severity were highly significant (P<0.001, P<0.01). Genotype G12 showed broad adaptation for both high grain yield and low BBS severity across the six environments, while genotypes G08, G06, G03, G02, G05, and G04 had specific adaption for high grain yield and low BBS severity. These genotypes recorded grain yield above the grand mean and the best check cultivar, both with 1.43 t ha-1 , and BBS severity below the grand mean (31.90%) and the best check (48.89%). The genotypes identified with either broad or specific adaptation can be released in the environments they are adapted to, or used as parents in breeding programmes aiming to improve grain yield and BBS disease resistance of dry bean for farmers in South Africa.

scholarly journals REQUIREMENT OF SUPPLEMENTAL IRRIGATION FOR DRY SEASON COMMON BEAN IN GOIÁS

Irriga ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Bryan Heinemann ◽  
Luís Fernando Stone
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Supplemental Irrigation ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Irrigation Depth ◽  
The Impact

REQUIREMENT OF SUPPLEMENTAL IRRIGATION FOR DRY SEASON COMMON BEAN IN GOIÁS  ALEXANDRE BRYAN HEINEMANN1 E LUÍS FERNANDO STONE2 1 Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, [email protected] Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, [email protected]  1 ABSTRACT Common bean crop is grown in Goiás state in three crop seasons, "wet”, “dry”, and autumn/winter. In "dry" crop season, common bean yield is lower and it can be attributed in large part to the water deficit during its cycle. The use of supplemental irrigation can be an alternative to overcome this stress and increase grain yield. The objective of this study was to quantify the impact of water stress in "dry" season common bean and the irrigation depth required to mitigate this stress, using the CSM-CROPGRO-Dry bean simulation model. The model was calibrated and evaluated against observed data set for Pérola cultivar. Grain yield for six sowing dates (10/1, 20/01, 30/1, 10/2, 20/2, and 28/2) and three soil classes (Oxisol, Ultisol, and Inceptisol) were simulated considering growth under rainfall and growth with supplemental irrigation, using daily climatic data of 26 weather stations in Goiás for the period of 33 years. The relative impact of water deficit, estimated by the grain yield gap in both cases, was 48%. Soil classes had low impact on average values of irrigation depth required as well as on irrigated grain yield. The irrigation depth required increased from 70 to 157 mm and the grain yield decreased from 3,813 to 3,510 kg  ha-1 with the advance of sowing date. Keywords: Phaseolus vulgaris, water deficiency, simulation model.  HEINEMANN, A.B.; STONE, L.F.REQUERIMENTO DE IRRIGAÇÃO SUPLEMENTAR PARA O FEIJOEIRO DA SAFRA DA SECA EM GOIÁS  2 RESUMO O feijoeiro é cultivado em Goiás em três safras, “águas”, “seca” e outono/inverno. Na safra da “seca”, com semeadura de 01/01 a 28/02, a produtividade do feijoeiro é menor e pode ser atribuída, em grande parte, a ocorrência de deficiência hídrica durante o seu ciclo. O uso de irrigação suplementar pode ser uma alternativa para superar esse estresse e incrementar a produtividade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi quantificar o impacto da deficiência hídrica no feijão da “seca” e a lâmina de irrigação requerida para mitigar essa deficiência, utilizando o modelo de simulação CSM-CROPGRO-Dry bean. O modelo foi calibrado e validado por meio da comparação de dados observados e simulados para a cultivar Pérola. Foram simuladas a produtividade para seis datas de semeadura (10/1, 20/01, 30/1, 10/2, 20/2 e 28/2) e três classes de solo (Latossolo, Cambissolo e Argissolo), considerando o crescimento sob precipitação pluvial ou com o uso da irrigação suplementar, utilizando dados climáticos diários de 26 estações meteorológicas de Goiás para o período de 33 anos. O impacto relativo da deficiência hídrica, estimado pela diferença de produtividade nas duas situações, foi de 48%. As classes de solo tiveram pouco impacto na lâmina media requerida como também na produtividade irrigada. A lâmina média de irrigação requerida aumenta com o avanço da data de semeadura, variando de 70 a 157 mm, e a produtividade decresce de 3.813 a 3.510 kg ha-1. Palavras-chave: Phaseolus vulgaris, deficiência hídrica, modelo de simulação.

Seed Treatment and N Rate Do Not Impact Dry Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Plant Growth or Grain Yield in Ontario

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Boersma ◽  
Chris L. Gillard
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Plant Emergence ◽  
Yield Responses

Application of nitrogen fertilizer and commercial seed treatments are two strategies dry bean growers in Ontario utilize to manage root rot and maximize yields. However, data solidifying these practices is absent or outdated. Experiments were conducted at the Huron Research Station, near Exeter, Ontario, from 2008 to 2010 to measure plant growth and yield responses for navy, kidney, and cranberry dry bean market classes (cv. T9905, Pink Panther, and Etna, respectively) to seed treatment (NST – no seed treatment; CMBD – Cruiser Maxx Bean + Dynasty) and N fertilizer rates of 0, 35, 70, 105, 140 and 175 kg N ha-1. Plant measurements taken included plant emergence, vigour, height and maturity, plant and seed mass, and grain moisture and yield. Over three years, plant growth and yield responses to seed treatment and nitrogen fertilizer were very scarce. Plant emergence and vigour either improved or were not affected by seed treatment or N rate, while increasing N rates increased plant height of only Pink Panther in 2008. Plant mass was unaffected by either factor while seed treatment decreased days to maturity and grain moisture of T9905 in 2008. Nitrogen fertilizer improved the grain yield of Etna, with the highest yields occurring with 70 kg N ha-1 or more, while other cultivar site-years did not respond. Overall, these results demonstrate dry beans rarely respond to N fertilizer or seed treatment at the Huron Research Station. Additional testing over multiple years and locations would assist in predicting these responses.

EFFECTS OF SOWING SYSTEM ON GRAIN YIELD OF 10 DRY BEAN VARIETIESUNDER RAINFED CONDITIONS IN AGUASCALIENTES

2013 ◽  
Vol XII (2) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Esteban Salvador Osuna-Ceja ◽  
◽  
José Saúl Padilla Ramírez ◽  
Luís Reyes Muro ◽  
Rigoberto Rosales Serna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Rainfed Conditions

scholarly journals Response of Crop Water Requirement and Yield of Irrigated Rice to Elevated Temperature in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Md. Belal Hossain ◽  
Debjit Roy ◽  
Md. Maniruzzaman ◽  
Jatish Chandra Biswas ◽  
Umme Aminun Naher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Water Requirement ◽  
Crop Water Requirement ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Boro Rice

In the changing climatic condition, temperature is the most vulnerable parameter and is projecting a trend of increase in the future. Crop growth and development process depend largely on air temperature. This study aims to determine the role of increasing air temperature in yield, crop water requirement (CWR), and other agronomic parameters of irrigated rice. Ceres-rice model associated in the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) was used in 15 different locations of Bangladesh. Grain yield, growth duration, and crop water requirement of widely cultivated irrigated rice (Boro rice) variety BRRI dhan28 were analysed in normal temperature and elevated air temperature by 1°C, 2°C, 3°C, and 4°C. The result revealed detrimental effect of elevated temperature on growth duration and grain yield. The estimated highest growth duration reduction of 30 days was found in Moulvibazar for 4°C temperature rise. The grain yield reduction was projected by 0–17%, 16–35%, 31–49%, and 39–61% from the normal condition if the seasonal mean temperature increased by 1°C, 2°C, 3°C, and 4°C, respectively. The country average crop water requirement was found to be 405 mm of which the highest 445 mm and the lowest 358 mm were recorded in Moulvibazar and Chandpur, respectively. The study revealed that the country average rice CWR reduced by 5%, 8%, 12%, and 17% over the normal condition for 1°C, 2°C, 3°C, and 4°C rising temperature, respectively. For 1°C temperature rise, BRRI dhan28 life span shortened by 6.4 days, grain yield reduced by 695 kg, and estimated CWR decreased by 14 mm. The projected declining CWR indicated that irrigated rice will require less irrigation water, but it will cause considerable yield loss under elevated temperature. Though elevated temperature will save huge irrigation water used in country-wide Boro rice cultivation, the crop developers need to introduce new heat-tolerant cultivar to minimize yield loss.

scholarly journals Effect of elevated CO2 and temperature on growth and yield of wheat grown in sub-humid climate of eastern Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP)

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-506
Author(s):  
VED PRAKASH ◽  
S. K. DWIVEDI ◽  
SANTOSH KUMAR ◽  
J. S. MISHRA ◽  
K. K. RAO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Ambient Condition ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Gangetic Plain ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Physiological Maturity

The atmospheric CO2 will be in the range of 510 to 760 L-1 by the end of 21st century and mean global temperature will be 1.5 to 4.5 oC higher than the present day which has a direct and indirect effect on agriculture. India is a key global region vulnerable to climate change; however, limited studies have focused on the combine effect of CO2 enrichment and temperature on wheat production in Sub-humid climate of eastern IGP in India. To address this issue, an Open top chamber (OTCs) experiment was conducted during 2013-14, to determine the effects of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and temperature on growth, yield attributes and yield of wheat. Wheat cultivars (DBW 14 and HD 2967) were grown with four treatment combination of CO2 and temperature in OTCs, during the rabi season. The study revealed that wheat genotypes performed better under elevated CO2 condition in term of grain number, test weight and grain yield than an ambient condition. The greater biomass under elevated CO2 was brought about by an increase in radiation use efficiency (RUE) during both heading and physiological maturity periods. Elevated temperature decreased the grain yield but increase plant height compared to ambient temperature. Days to physiological maturity was reduced by 4 to 7 days in both the cultivars under elevated temperature condition and increased by 3 to 4 days under the elevated CO2 condition with respect to ambient condition. The elevated CO2 had positive effects whereas elevated temperature had negative effects on growth, yield attributes and yield of wheat. With elevation of both CO2 and temperature, elevated CO2 compensate the negative effects of elevated temperature on growth, yield attributes and yield of wheat.  

scholarly journals Effect of elevated CO2 and temperature on growth and yield of winter rice under Jorhat condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
PARISHMITA DAS ◽  
R. L. DEKA ◽  
J. GOSWAMI ◽  
SMRITA BARUA
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Temperature Levels ◽  
Elevated Co2 And Temperature ◽  
Ambient Co2

A pot experiment was conducted during kharif, 2018 inside CO2 Temperature Gradient Tunnels (CTGT) to assess the effect of elevated CO2 and temperature [T0: ambient temperature & ambient CO2, T1: elevated temperature (ambient +1°C) & elevated CO2 (ambient+25% of ambient) and T2: elevated temperature (ambient +2°C) & elevated CO2 (ambient + 50% of ambient)] under three different transplanting dates (D1: 25th June, D2: 10th July and D3: 25th July) on growth and yield of rice in Jorhat district of Assam. The result showed that occurrence of different phenological stages was earlier under elevated CO2-Temperature conditions resulting in reduction of crop duration by about 8-15 days. On the other hand,days to tiller initiation increased whereas days to panicle initiation, flowering and physiological maturity reduced with delay in transplanting. Yield attributing parameters were improved under elevated CO2-Temperature condition. With respect to dates of transplanting, D2 recorded higher number of panicles hill-1 (17.9) and higher filled grains panicle-1 (156.6). Higher grain yield (55.9g hill-1) was found under T2 which was at par with T1 and it was significant higher over the ambient. Grain yield was significantly reduced when transplanting was delayed after 10th July. The results revealed that the growth and yield of rice was found to be better under elevated CO2-temperature levels when transplanted on 10th July.

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