Serotype, virulence profile, antimicrobial resistance and macrolide-resistance determinants in Streptococcus agalactiae isolates in pregnant women and neonates in Catalonia, Spain

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 472-477
Author(s):  
Yuly López ◽  
Elena Parra ◽  
Virginio Cepas ◽  
Isabel Sanfeliú ◽  
Teresa Juncosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Macrolide Resistance ◽  
Resistance Determinants

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance and molecular characterization of Streptococcus agalactiae from pregnant women in southern China

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (09) ◽  
pp. 802-809
Author(s):  
Huiwu Guo ◽  
Maozhang Fu ◽  
Qing Peng ◽  
Zhuoran Chen ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Variable Number Tandem Repeat ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Clonal Relationship

Introduction: This study aimed to characterize antimicrobial resistance (AMR), molecular determinants of AMR and virulence, as well as clonal relationship of Streptococcus agalactiae isolates from women at 35-37 weeks of gestation in the Chaoshan metropolitan area of southern China. Methodology: Bacterial strains isolated from vaginal swabs were identified and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed by using a Vitek 2 Compact system (BioMérieux, France). Resistance and virulence genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the clonal relationship was analysed by multiple locus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA). Statistical analysis was carried out by using SPSS software, version 19.0. Results: All GBS were susceptible to benzylpenicillin, ampicillin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, tigecycline, linezolid and vancomycin, but a considerable proportion was resistant to clindamycin (29.67%), erythromycin (46.15%)， azithromycin (63.74%), tetracycline (84.62%) and quinolones (25.27%). The carrier rates of ermB (69.04%) and mefA/E (64.28%) were detected in these GBS strains resistant to erythromycin. In terms of MLVA detection, 91 GBS strains were categorized into 43 genotypes and 6 clusters. All GBS harboured hylB and cylE genes, most of which carried a combination of PI-1 and PI-2a genes as a common virulence gene profile. Conclusions: The high level of resistance conferred by some corresponding resistance genes to macrolides, lincosamides and quinolones of GBS isolates from pregnant women in southern China, has reinforced the necessity for monitoring GBS strain resistance to the above agents. Comparative genetic studies of GBS isolates, especially efforts to understand the relationship between pilus islands and genotype, were essential for conducting infection control and epidemiological comparisons between countries.

scholarly journals Infection and drug resistance of Streptococcus agalactiae among perinatal pregnant women in Xinjiang

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuli Guo ◽  
Xiandao Luo ◽  
Haiying Jia ◽  
Xiuhui Pang ◽  
Changmin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Target Site ◽  
Macrolide Resistance ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Phenotype ◽  
Ermb Gene ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background: Group B streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae) is one of the most common pathogens causing meningitis, bacteremia and pneumonia. The drug resistance mechanisms of group B streptococcus in different countries and regions also show regional differences.Method: The study population was comprised of 1877 pregnant women of 34-38 weeks who underwent prenatal examination in the gynecology and obstetrics outpatient clinic of Xinjiang People's Hospital, between January 1, 2019 and January 31, 2020. Clinic specimens were collected and identified by the API bacteria Rapid Identification card for the downstream group B Streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae) isolation. Drug susceptibility of the Streptococcus agalactiae isolated was detected by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Macrolide–lincosamide–streptogramin B (MLSB) resistance was determined by D test. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Gene sequencing was performed for the resistance genes ermA, ermB, mreA, erm (47), mefA/E and Lin B.Results: 149 Streptococcus agalactiae-positive strains were identified by clinical isolation, with a positive rate of 7.94%. Group B Streptococcus showed 100% susceptibility to linezolid, penicillin, vancomycin, meropenem, ampicillin, ceftriaxone, 44.97%, 35.57%, 56.38% and 29.53% susceptibility to levofloxacin, erythromycin, tetracycline and clindamycin, respectively. Among the 149 isolates, 127 strains showed macrolide resistance phenotype. The detection rate of intrinsic resistance phenotype (cMLS) was 40.94% (59/127), active efflux resistance phenotype (MS) 9.45% (12/127), and induced resistance phenotype (iMLS) 22.83% (29/127).Conclusion: The ermB gene-mediated 50s ribosome target site change co-existing with mreA gene for macrolide resistance efflux may play a major role in the mechanism of Streptococcus agalactiae resistance macrolide resistance of in perinatal women in Xinjiang. The change of 50s ribosomal target site mediated by ermB gene may be the main reason for drug cross-resistance.

scholarly journals In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility and genetic resistance determinants of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from mastitic cows in Brazilian dairy herds

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Rosa da Silva ◽  
Glei Dos Anjos de Carvalho Castro ◽  
Maysa Serpa Gonçalves ◽  
Dircéia Aparecida da Costa Custódio ◽  
Gláucia Frasnelli Mian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Resistance Determinants

Streptococcus agalactiae is one of the main causative agents of bovine mastitis and is associated with several economic losses for producers. Few studies have evaluated antimicrobial susceptibility and the prevalence of genetic resistance determinants among isolates of this bacterium from Brazilian dairy cattle. This work aimed to evaluate the frequency of the antimicrobial resistance genes ermA, ermB, mefA, tetO, tetM, aphA3, and aad-6, and in vitro susceptibility to the antimicrobials amikacin, erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, gentamicin, penicillin, ceftiofur, and cefalotin, and the associations between resistance genotypes and phenotypes among 118 S. agalactiae isolates obtained from mastitic cows in Brazilian dairy herds. Of the resistance genes examined, ermB was found in 19 isolates (16.1%), tetO in 23 (19.5%), and tetM in 24 (20.3%). The genes ermA, mefA, aphA3, and aad-6 were not identified. There was an association between the presence of genes ermB, tetM, and tetO and phenotypic resistance to erythromycin, clindamycin, and tetracycline. Rates of resistance to the tested antibiotics varied, as follows: erythromycin (19.5%), tetracycline (35.6%), gentamicin (9.3%), clindamycin (20.3%), penicillin (3.4%), and amikacin (38.1%); conversely, all isolates were susceptible to ceftiofur and cefalotin. Antimicrobial resistance testing facilitates the treatment decision process, allowing the most judicious choice of antibiotics. Moreover, it enables regional and temporal monitoring of the resistance dynamics of this pathogen of high importance to human and animal health.

scholarly journals Erythromycin Resistance and Genetic Elements Carrying Macrolide Efflux Genes in Streptococcus agalactiae

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 5069-5074 ◽  
Author(s):  
José María Marimón ◽  
Adoración Valiente ◽  
María Ercibengoa ◽  
José M. García-Arenzana ◽  
Emilio Pérez-Trallero
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Clonal Diversity ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Genetic Element ◽  
Erythromycin Resistance ◽  
Genetic Elements ◽  
Resistance Determinants

ABSTRACT The macrolide resistance determinants and genetic elements carrying the mef(A) and mef(E) subclasses of the mef gene were studied with Streptococcus agalactiae isolated in 2003 and 2004 from 7,084 vaginorectal cultures performed to detect carrier pregnant women. The prevalence of carriage was 18% (1,276 isolates), and that of erythromycin resistance 11.0% (129 of the 1,171 isolates studied). erm(B), erm(A) subclass erm(TR), and the mef gene, either subclass mef(A) or mef(E), were found in 72 (55.8%), 41 (31.8%), and 12 (9.3%) erythromycin-resistant isolates, while 4 isolates had more than 1 erythromycin resistance gene. Of the 13 M-phenotype mef-containing erythromycin-resistant S. agalactiae isolates, 11 had the mef(E) subclass gene alone, one had both the mef(E) and the erm(TR) subclass genes, and one had the mef(A) subclass gene. mef(E) subclass genes were associated with the carrying element mega in 10 of the 12 mef(E)-containing strains, while the single mef(A) subclass gene found was associated with the genetic element Tn1207.3. The nonconjugative nature of the mega element and the clonal diversity of mef(E)-containing strains determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis suggest that transformation is the main mechanism through which this resistance gene is acquired.

scholarly journals In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility and genetic resistance determinants of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from mastitic cows in Brazilian dairy herds

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2581
Author(s):  
Juliana Rosa da Silva ◽  
Glei Dos Anjos de Carvalho Castro ◽  
Maysa Serpa Gonçalves ◽  
Dircéia Aparecida da Costa Custódio ◽  
Gláucia Frasnelli Mian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Resistance Determinants

Streptococcus agalactiae is one of the main causative agents of bovine mastitis and is associated with several economic losses for producers. Few studies have evaluated antimicrobial susceptibility and the prevalence of genetic resistance determinants among isolates of this bacterium from Brazilian dairy cattle. This work aimed to evaluate the frequency of the antimicrobial resistance genes ermA, ermB, mefA, tetO, tetM, aphA3, and aad-6, and in vitro susceptibility to the antimicrobials amikacin, erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, gentamicin, penicillin, ceftiofur, and cefalotin, and the associations between resistance genotypes and phenotypes among 118 S. agalactiae isolates obtained from mastitic cows in Brazilian dairy herds. Of the resistance genes examined, ermB was found in 19 isolates (16.1%), tetO in 23 (19.5%), and tetM in 24 (20.3%). The genes ermA, mefA, aphA3, and aad-6 were not identified. There was an association between the presence of genes ermB, tetM, and tetO and phenotypic resistance to erythromycin, clindamycin, and tetracycline. Rates of resistance to the tested antibiotics varied, as follows: erythromycin (19.5%), tetracycline (35.6%), gentamicin (9.3%), clindamycin (20.3%), penicillin (3.4%), and amikacin (38.1%); conversely, all isolates were susceptible to ceftiofur and cefalotin. Antimicrobial resistance testing facilitates the treatment decision process, allowing the most judicious choice of antibiotics. Moreover, it enables regional and temporal monitoring of the resistance dynamics of this pathogen of high importance to human and animal health.

Into the sea: Antimicrobial resistance determinants in the microbiota of little penguins (Eudyptula minor)

2020 ◽  
pp. 104697
Author(s):  
Ida C. Lundbäck ◽  
Fiona K. McDougall ◽  
Peter Dann ◽  
David J. Slip ◽  
Rachael Gray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Determinants

Mycoplasma genitalium: test positivity in syndromic presentations and clinicians’ adherence with treatment guidelines at Sydney Sexual Health Centre

2021 ◽  
pp. 095646242110225
Author(s):  
Calvin Cheung ◽  
Christopher Bourne ◽  
Rick Varma
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Macrolide Resistance ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
Real World Data

Mycoplasma genitalium ( M.genitalium) is associated with urethritis, cervicitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, proctitis and epididymitis. Its treatment is complicated by antimicrobial resistance. To assess clinicians’ adherence to M.genitalium diagnostic testing recommendations for syndromic presentations, as well as resistance-guided management of M.genitalium at Sydney Sexual Health Centre, we reviewed patients presenting between August and December 2018. 349/372 (94%) syndromic presentations were tested for M.genitalium with 16% M.genitalium test positivity and 81% macrolide resistance. 16/27 (59%) macrolide-sensitive infections and 65/77 (84%) macrolide-resistant infections received resistance-guided treatment. Tests of cure (TOCs) were unnecessarily ordered for 82% macrolide-sensitive cases, while 88% macrolide-resistant cases were correctly ordered TOCs. Co-existing STIs at the time of macrolide-sensitive ( p = 0.30) or macrolide-resistant M.genitalium ( p = 0.94) diagnosis did not significantly affect adherence to treatment guidelines. This study confirms the expected prevalence of M.genitalium and macrolide resistance in syndromic presentations while our real-world data highlight the decision-making challenges involved with managing M.genitalium, offering insights for further research.

scholarly journals Streptococcus agalactiae in pregnant women in Brazil: prevalence, serotypes, and antibiotic resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 943-952
Author(s):  
Cilicia S. do Nascimento ◽  
Nayara F. B. dos Santos ◽  
Rita C. C. Ferreira ◽  
Carla R. Taddei
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae
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