scholarly journals Long-term scenarios of mercury budgeting and exports for a Mediterranean hot spot (Marano-Grado Lagoon, Adriatic Sea)

2017 ◽  
Vol 198 ◽  
pp. 518-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donata Canu ◽  
Ginevra Rosati
Keyword(s):  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Hot Spot

Analysis of the eastern Adriatic sea-level extremes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Pervan ◽  
Jadranka Šepić
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Sea Level Oscillations ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Level Height

<p>The Adriatic Sea is known to be under a high flooding risk due to both storm surges and meteorological tsunamis, with the latter defined as short-period sea-level oscillations alike to tsunamis but generated by atmospheric processes. In June 2017, a tide-gauge station with a 1-min sampling resolution has been installed at Stari Grad (middle Adriatic Sea), the well-known meteotsunami hot-spot, which is, also, often hit by storm surges. </p><p>Three years of corresponding sea-level measurements were analyzed, and 10 strongest episodes of each of the following extreme types were extracted from the residual series: (1) positive long-period (T > 210 min) extremes; (2) negative long-period (T > 210 min) extremes; (3) short-period (T < 210) extremes. Long-period extremes were defined as situations during which sea level surpasses (is lower than) 99.7 (i.e. 2) percentile of sea level height, and short-period extremes as situations during which variance of short-period sea-level oscillations is higher than 99.4 percentile of total variance[J1]  of short-period series. A strong seasonal signal was detected for all extremes, with most of the positive long-period extremes appearing during November to February, and most of the negative long-period extremes during January to February. As for the short-period extremes, these appear evenly throughout the year, but strongest events seem to appear during May to July.</p><p>All events were associated to characteristic atmospheric situations, using both local measurements of the atmospheric variables, and ERA5 Reanalysis dataset. It was shown that positive low-pass extremes commonly appear during presence of low pressure over the Adriatic associated with strong SE winds (“sirocco”), and negative low-pass extremes are associated to the high atmospheric pressure over the area associated with either strong NE winds (“bora”), or no winds at all. On the other hand, high-pass sea level extremes are noticed during two distinct types of atmospheric situations corresponding to both “bad” (low pressure, strong SE wind) and “nice” (high pressure, no wind) weather.</p><p>It is particularly interesting that short-period extremes, of which strongest are meteotsunamis, are occasionally coincident with positive long-period extremes contributing with up to 50 percent to total sea level height – thus implying existence of a double danger phenomena (meteotsunami + storm surge). </p>

scholarly journals Qualified temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen climatologies in a changing Adriatic Sea

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 331-390
Author(s):  
M. Lipizer ◽  
E. Partescano ◽  
A. Rabitti ◽  
A. Giorgetti ◽  
A. Crise
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Synthetic Temperature ◽  
Oxygen Utilisation ◽  
Oxygen Minimum

Abstract. An updated climatology, based on a comprehensive dataset (1911–2009) of temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen, has been produced for the whole Adriatic Sea with the Variational Inverse Method using the DIVA software. Climatological maps were produced at 26 levels and validated with Ordinary Cross Validation and with real vs. synthetic Temperature–Salinity diagram intercomparison. The concept of Climatology–Observation Misfit (COM) has been introduced as an estimate of the physical variability associated with the climatological structures. In order to verify the temporal stability of the climatology, long-term variability has been investigated in the Mid Adriatic and the South Adriatic Pits, regarded as the most suitable records of possible long-term changes. Compared with previous climatologies, this study reveals a surface temperature rise (up to 2 °C), a clear deep dissolved oxygen minimum in the South Adriatic Gyre and a bottom summer oxygen minimum in the North Adriatic. Below 100 m all properties profoundly differ between the Middle and the South Adriatic. The South Adriatic Pit clearly shows the remote effects of the Eastern Mediterranean Transient, while no effect is observed in Middle Adriatic Pits. The deepest part of the South Adriatic seems now to be significantly saltier (+0.18 since the period 1911–1914, with an increase of +0.018 decade−1 since the late 1940s) and warmer (+0.54 °C since 1911–1914), even though a long-term temperature trend could not be statistically demonstrated. Conversely, the Middle Adriatic Pits present a long-term increase in apparent oxygen utilisation (+0.77 mL L−1 since 1911–1914, with a constant increase of +0.2 mL L−1 decade−1 after the 1970s).

Sea turtles bycatch in the Adriatic Sea set net fisheries and possible hot-spot identification

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1176-1185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Lucchetti ◽  
Claudio Vasapollo ◽  
Massimo Virgili
Keyword(s):  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Sea Turtles

The High Frequency coastal radar network in the Mediterranean: joint efforts towards a fully operational implementation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Lorente ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Production Management ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Coastal Hazards ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Mediterranean

<p>The Mediterranean Sea is considered a relevant geostrategic region and a prominent climate change hot spot. This semi-enclosed basin has been the subject of abundant studies due to its vulnerability to sea-level rise and other coastal hazards. With the steady advent of new technologies, a growing wealth of observational data are nowadays available to efficiently monitor the sea state and properly respond to socio-ecological challenges and stakeholder needs, thereby strengthening the community resilience at multiple scales.</p><p>Nowadays, High-Frequency radar (HFR) is a worldwide consolidated land-based remote sensing technology since it provides, concurrently and in near real time, fine-resolution maps of the surface circulation along with (increasingly) wave and wind information over broad coastal areas. HFR systems present a wide range of practical applications: maritime safety, oil spill emergencies, energy production, management of extreme coastal hazards. Consequently, they have become an essential component of coastal ocean observatories since they offer a unique dynamical framework that complement conventional in-situ observing platforms. Likewise, within the frame of the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS), HFR are valuable assets that play a key pivotal role in both the effective monitoring of coastal areas and the rigorous skill assessment of operational ocean forecasting systems.</p><p>The present work aims to show a panoramic overview not only of the current status of diverse Mediterranean HFR systems, but also of the coordinated joint efforts between many multi-disciplinary institutions to establish a permanent HFR monitoring network in the Mediterranean, aligned with European and global initiatives. In this context, it is worth highlighting that many of the Mediterranean HFR systems are already integrated into the European HFR Node, which acts as central focal point for data collection, homogenization, quality assurance and dissemination and promotes networking between EU infrastructures and the Global HFR network.</p><p>Furthermore, priority challenges tied to the implementation of a long-term, fully integrated, sustainable operational Mediterranean HFR network are described. This includes aspects related to the setting up of such a system within the broader framework of the European Ocean Observing System (EOOS), and a long-term financial support required to preserve the infrastructure core service already implemented. Apart from the technological challenges, the enhancing of the HFR data discovery and access, the boosting of the data usage as well as the research integration must be achieved by building synergies among academia, management agencies, state government offices, intermediate and end users. This would guarantee a coordinated development of tailored products that meet the societal needs and foster user uptake, serving the marine industry with dedicated smart innovative services, along with the promotion of strategic planning and informed decision-making in the marine environment.</p>

scholarly journals Comparison of Mating Disruption and Insecticide Application for Control of Peachtree Borer and Lesser Peachtree Borer (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) in Peach

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 658
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Frank ◽  
Stephen Starcher ◽  
Rakesh S. Chandran
Keyword(s):  
West Virginia ◽  
Mating Disruption ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Mate Finding ◽  
Prevailing Wind Direction ◽  
Lesser Peachtree Borer ◽  
Peachtree Borer ◽  
Male Mate ◽  
Peach Trees

The peachtree borer, Synanthedon exitiosa, and lesser peachtree borer, S. pictipes, are economically important indirect pests of peach in West Virginia. The purpose of this 3-year study was to compare the efficacy of mating disruption and post-harvest trunk sprays of chlorpyrifos insecticide for control of this pest complex in a commercial peach orchard. Overall, Isomate PTB-Dual disruption dispensers applied at a rate of 371/ha significantly disrupted the male mate-finding behavior of S. exitiosa and S. pictipes. In addition, the infestation of peach trees by S. exitiosa larvae did not vary significantly between mating disruption and insecticide treated plots. Hot-spot maps of S. exitiosa infestation showed significant spatial clusters of infestation predominately near the perimeter of all orchard plots, or where trees were missing within and/or between rows. The generation of standard deviational ellipses revelated that the location of S. exitiosa infestations in orchard plots remained relatively constant between years, and were generally oriented in a north and easterly direction, which coincided with the prevailing wind direction. Although our data indicated that mating disruption can provide growers with an effective non-chemical alternative to chlorpyrifos trunk sprays, several variables may affect its long-term success in West Virginia peach orchards; most notably the presence of high population densities, problems with maintaining adequate pheromone coverage, and the need for area-wide implementation.

scholarly journals Illegal dumping and crime prevention: A case study of Ash Road, Liverpool Council

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penny Crofts ◽  
Tara Morris ◽  
Kim Wells ◽  
Alicia Powell
Keyword(s):  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Illegal Dumping ◽  
Illegal Waste Disposal ◽  
Illegal Waste ◽  
Sydney Australia

Illegal waste disposal is an increasingly significant and costly problem. This paper considers a specific hot-spot for illegal dumping in Sydney, Australia from criminological perspectives. We contribute to the developing criminological literature that considers environmental harms as a crime. This draws upon the symbolic aspect of criminal law, contributing to the notion of environmental harms as wrongs worthy of sanction, and facilitates analysis through the prism of criminological literature. We apply theories of crime prevention to the site and argue that these techniques of crime prevention would be cheaper and more effective long-term than current council responses of simply reacting to dumping after it has occurred.

scholarly journals Seasonal and Interannual Trends of Oceanographic Parameters over 40 Years in the Northern Adriatic Sea in Relation to Nutrient Loadings Using the EMODnet Chemistry Data Portal

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Grilli ◽  
Stefano Accoroni ◽  
Francesco Acri ◽  
Fabrizio Bernardi Aubry ◽  
Caterina Bergami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Changes ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Northern Adriatic Sea ◽  
Po River ◽  
Northern Adriatic

Long-term data series (1971–2015) of physical and biogeochemical parameters were analyzed in order to assess trends and variability of oceanographic conditions in the northern Adriatic Sea (NAS), a mid-latitude shallow continental shelf strongly impacted by river discharges, human activities and climate changes. Interpolation maps and statistical models were applied to investigate seasonal and spatial variability, as well as decadal trends of temperature, salinity, chlorophyll-a and nutrients. This analysis shows that sea surface temperature increased by +0.36% year−1 over four decades. Annual mean flow of the Po River markedly changed due to the occurrence of periods of persistent drought, whereas the frequency of flow rates higher than 3000 m3 s−1 decreased between 2006 and 2015. Moreover, we observed a long-term decrease in surface phosphate concentrations in Po River water (−1.34% year−1) and in seawater (in summer −2.56% year−1) coupled, however, to a significant increase in nitrate concentration in seawater (+3.80% year−1) in almost all seasons. These changes indicate that the nutrient concentrations in the NAS have been largely modulated, in the last forty years, by the evolution of environmental management practices and of the runoff. This implies that further alteration of the marine environment must be expected as a consequence of the climate changes.

Integrity Assessment of HP/HT Infield Pipelines: Experiences With a New Methodology Applied in the Norwegian Sea

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birger Etterdal ◽  
Hroar Nes ◽  
Stig Olav Kvarme ◽  
Stian Svardal
Keyword(s):  
Hot Spot ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Assessment Methodology ◽  
Long Term Conditions ◽  
Norwegian Sea ◽  
Integrity Assessment ◽  
Analysis Models

The subsea pipeline development for the A˚sgard and Midgard fields in the Norwegian Sea has been challenging due to high operating pressure and temperature (HP/HT pipelines), uneven seabed conditions and the potential for trawl gear interference. A general experience from the first years of operation is that it is not easy to use design information as basis for an integrity assessment of the lines. This is mainly due to the complexity of the global buckling process and the significant load fluctuations applied to the lines. As a consequence of this, analysis models established during design may not represent the actual pipeline behaviour properly, and established design limits do not fit intermediate operational load conditions and configurations observed during surveys. StatoilHydro has developed an integrity assessment methodology where analysis models are calibrated according to the as-surveyed condition, and then exposed to operational cyclic loads in order to predict both intermediate long term conditions and a final design condition. In the assessment of long term fatigue accumulation, process parameters monitored during pipeline operation are used as input. The integrity condition of the HP/HT pipelines is assessed based on a staged approach, depending on the criticality of the considered failure mode. The first level is used for screening and initial ranking. At level two the risk of integrity failure is quantified based on general design criteria, covering relevant operating conditions and the most important input parameters. If the uncertainty related to the assessment of an individual hot-spot location is assumed too high, a detail level three assessment may be specified. The operating condition of the pipeline system is expressed as the risk of failure defined by a limited number of hot-spot locations. The risk matrix concept used for the HP/HT pipelines, provides for a consistent comparison between individual failure modes, between different locations and sections, and between different pipeline systems. StatoilHydro has worked in close cooperation with DNV to develop software tools required to implement this integrity assessment methodology. These tools are now used for integrity assessment and follow-up of all HP/HT pipelines operated by StatoilHydro in the Norwegian Sea. The objective of this paper is to show how the methodology is used in practice, discuss major results and findings, and give general recommendations with respect to operational integrity assessment of HP/HT pipelines.

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