Executive compensation among Australian mining and non-mining firms: Risk taking, long and short-term incentives

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 211-220
Author(s):  
Subba Reddy Yarram ◽  
John Rice
Keyword(s):  
Executive Compensation ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Short Term

Efficacy of the READY-Girls Program on General Risk-Taking Behaviors, Condom Use, and Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Young Adolescent Females With Type 1 Diabetes

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 712-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Thurheimer ◽  
Susan M. Sereika ◽  
Sandra Founds ◽  
Julie Downs ◽  
Denise Charron-Prochownik
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Birth Control ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Adolescent Females ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Preconception Counseling ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Risk Taking Behaviors

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the short-term efficacy (3 months) of early diabetes-specific READY-Girls preconception counseling (RGPC) on more general risk-taking behaviors, condom use, and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among adolescent females with type 1 diabetes. Methods Secondary analysis was performed with data pooled from 2 independent randomized controlled trials to evaluate the short-term impact of RGPC. The pooled sample had 136 participants (mean age, 16.9 years; range, 13-19 years) and compared those who received the RGPC (n = 76) with a control group who received standard care (n = 60). Both groups self-reported on demographic characteristics, risk-taking behaviors (eg, substance use and unsafe sex), birth control, and STIs. Results No effect of RGPC emerged on risk-taking behaviors, condom use, and STIs. Only 25% (n = 36) of the adolescents were sexually active at baseline, and 29% (n = 39) were sexually active at 3 months. Their overall mean age of sexual debut was 15.4 years, with more than half reporting an episode of unprotected sex. Condoms were the most frequent type of birth control used by both groups at both time points. By 3 months, only 4 participants had been diagnosed with an STI. Over time, subjects in both groups became more sexually active and used more condoms. Conclusion RGPC did not appear to directly affect general risk-taking behaviors or STIs, since it focuses on diabetes and reproductive health issues. Condom use did increase over time in both groups. More information on risk-taking behaviors and STIs should be included in diabetes-specific preconception counseling programs, including RGPC.

scholarly journals Executive Compensation and Risk Taking

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Bolton ◽  
Hamid Mehran ◽  
Joel D. Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Executive Compensation ◽  
Risk Taking

Stock and Option Proportions in Executive Compensation

2011 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 169-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phelim P. Boyle ◽  
Ranjini Jha ◽  
Shannon Kennedy ◽  
Weidong Tian
Keyword(s):  
Executive Compensation ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Principal Agent ◽  
Optimal Contract ◽  
Efficient Mechanism ◽  
Opposite Conclusion

There is controversy about the relative merits of stock and options in executive compensation. Some observers contend that stock is a more efficient mechanism, while others reach the opposite conclusion. We focus on the manager's risk-taking incentives and derive an optimal compensation contract by using the concept of a comparable benchmark and imposing a volatility constraint in a principal-agent framework. We demonstrate a joint role for both stock and options in the optimal contract. We show that firms with higher volatility should use more options in compensating their executives and provide empirical evidence supporting this testable implication.

Optimal Executive Compensation versus Managerial Power: A Review of Lucian Bebchuk and Jesse Fried's Pay without Performance: The Unfulfilled Promise of Executive Compensation

2007 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S Weisbach
Keyword(s):  
Executive Compensation ◽  
Effective Potential ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Corporate Performance ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Standard View ◽  
Compensation Systems ◽  
Managerial Power ◽  
Positive Perspective ◽  
Normative Perspective

This essay reviews Lucian A. Bebchuk and Jesse M. Fried's Pay without Performance: The Unfulfilled Promise of Executive Compensation. Bebchuk and Fried criticize the standard view of executive compensation, in which executives negotiate contracts with shareholders that provide incentives that motivate them to maximize the shareholders' welfare. In contrast, Bebchuk and Fried argue that executive compensation is more consistent with executives who control their own boards and who maximize their own compensation subject to an “outrage constraint.” They provide a host of evidence consistent with this alternative viewpoint. The book can be evaluated from both positive and normative perspectives. From a positive perspective, much of the evidence they present, especially about the camouflage and risk-taking aspects of executive compensation systems, is fairly persuasive. However, from a normative perspective, the book conveys the idea that policy changes can dramatically improve executive compensation systems and consequently overall corporate performance. It is unclear to me how effective potential reforms designed to achieve such changes are likely to be in practice.

scholarly journals Low interest rates and executive risk-taking incentives: Evidence from the United States

2020 ◽  
pp. 234094442092771
Author(s):  
Paula Castro ◽  
Maria T Tascon ◽  
Francisco J Castaño ◽  
Borja Amor-Tapia
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
The United States ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Monetary Policies ◽  
Stock Return Volatility ◽  
Low Interest Rates ◽  
Institutional Shareholders

This article contributes to the literature by indicating how certain monetary policies impact the compensation incentives of US managers to adopt riskier business policies. Specifically, based on the agency problems between shareholders and managers and between shareholders and creditors, a research framework is developed to identify the influence of low interest rates on managers’ risk-taking incentives proxied by the sensitivity of executive compensation to stock return volatility (Vega). We examine 1,293 firms in the United States between 2000 and 2016, and the results indicate that low interest rates increase the managers’ short-term risk-taking incentives and that those incentives contribute to the risk effectively taken by the firm. Our results are robust to the use of alternative monetary proxies and to the presence of passive versus active institutional shareholders. JEL CLASSIFICATION E41; E43; E51; M12; M52

Sexual Consumption in the Time of AIDS: A Study of Prostitute Patronage in Thailand

1998 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell W. Belk ◽  
Per Østergaard ◽  
Ronald Groves
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Sex Roles ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Consumer Information ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Limited Effectiveness ◽  
Risk Taking Behaviors

On the basis of short-term, qualitative fieldwork, the authors provide a culturally embedded portrait of AIDS knowledge, attitudes, and risk-taking behaviors in prostitute patronage by students and tourists in the most heavily HIV-infected region of Thailand. The authors find that the mix of cultural values, rituals, sex roles, and emotions in this Thai context challenge the underlying assumptions of belief-based Western models of behavior. This may help explain the limited effectiveness of prior research and prevention efforts in stopping the spread of HIV and AIDS. Although the findings are preliminary, they pose provocative challenges to consumer information processing models and existing public policy efforts in this milieu of sex and death.

Hunters, Trappers, and Gatherers of the Sea: a Comparative Study of Fishing Strategies

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Cove
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reward Structure ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Fishing Strategies ◽  
Production Strategies ◽  
Salmon Fishery

This study is a comparison of fishing strategies in three areas: the Newfoundland offshore fishery, the inshore salmon fishery of British Columbia, and an oyster fishery of Cornwall, England. From the Newfoundland fishery, a model was developed to account for differences in risk-taking by fishing captains. The model specified relations between reward structure, technology, and environment that influence captains’ evaluations and, hence, decision-making.The model was then tested in the other fishing contexts. The results indicate that the situational approach to risk-taking can be used for the problem of understanding short-term production strategies. This particular model, however, requires the addition of an historical dimension in order to adequately account for decision-making in all three fisheries.

The Impact of Children's Temperament on How Parents Resolve Safety Disagreements During Preadolescence

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-228
Author(s):  
Alexa Kane ◽  
Barbara A Morrongiello
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Child Temperament ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Safety Promotion ◽  
Behavioral Attributes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Preadolescent Youth

Abstract Objectives Parents play an important role in keeping their children safe. However, this becomes more difficult during preadolescence as children seek greater autonomy away from the direct supervision of adults. The current study focused on preadolescent youth (10–13 years) and examined parent–child disagreements about safety, with a focus on determining if child temperament attributes moderate the relation between how parents learn of these and resolve these disagreements. Methods A short-term longitudinal design was used. Parents and children retrospectively recalled safety disagreements together and then independently completed questionnaires about these. Parents then tracked disagreements over 1 month. Results The behavioral attributes of inhibitory control and risk-taking propensity both moderated the relationships between parental source of knowledge of safety disagreements and subsequent methods of resolution. Conclusion Safety-promotion messaging for parents of preadolescents may need to be tailored based on child attributes to maximize effectiveness.

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