scholarly journals Theoretical impacts of habitat loss and generalist predation on predator–prey cycles

2016 ◽  
Vol 327 ◽  
pp. 85-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey Vitense ◽  
Aaron J. Wirsing ◽  
Rebecca C. Tyson ◽  
James J. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Generalist Predation

scholarly journals Habitat loss and fragmentation increase realized predator–prey body size ratios

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 534-544
Author(s):  
Jasmijn Hillaert ◽  
Martijn L. Vandegehuchte ◽  
Thomas Hovestadt ◽  
Dries Bonte
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Habitat Loss And Fragmentation

scholarly journals How do variations in seasonality affect population cycles?

2013 ◽  
Vol 280 (1754) ◽  
pp. 20122714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel A. Taylor ◽  
Andrew White ◽  
Jonathan A. Sherratt
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Bifurcation Analysis ◽  
Latitudinal Gradient ◽  
Population Cycles ◽  
Season Length ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuations ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Predator Prey Model ◽  
Generalist Predation

Seasonality is an important component in many population systems, and factors such as latitude, altitude and proximity to the coastline affect the extent of the seasonal fluctuations. In this paper, we ask how changes in seasonal fluctuations impact on the population cycles. We use the Fennoscandian vole system as a case study, focusing on variations in the length of the breeding season. We use a predator–prey model that includes generalist and specialist predation alongside seasonal forcing. Using a combination of bifurcation analysis and direct simulations, we consider the effects of varying both the level of generalist predation and the length of the breeding season; these are the main changes that occur over a latitudinal gradient in Fennoscandia. We predict that varying the breeding season length leads to changes in the period of the multi-year cycles, with a higher period for shorter breeding season lengths. This concurs with the gradient of periodicity found in Fennoscandia. The Fennoscandian vole system is only one of many populations that are affected by geographical and temporal changes in seasonality; thus our results highlight the importance of considering these changes in other population systems.

Habitat loss decreases predator-prey ratios in a pine-bark beetle system

Oikos ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krista L. Ryall ◽  
Lenore Fahrig
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Predator Prey

scholarly journals Foraging behavior and patch size distribution jointly determine population dynamics in fragmented landscapes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Nauta ◽  
Yara Khaluf ◽  
Pieter Simoens ◽  
Ricardo Martinez-Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Optimal Foraging ◽  
Ecosystem Stability ◽  
Fragmented Landscapes ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Habitat Patches ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Per Se

Increased fragmentation caused by habitat loss presents a major threat to the persistence of animal populations. Whereas the negative effects of habitat loss on biodiversity are well-known, the effects of fragmentation per se on population dynamics and ecosystem stability remain less understood. How fragmentation affects populations is strongly determined by the rate at which individuals can move between separated habitat patches within the fragmented landscape. Here, we use a computational, spatially explicit predator-prey model to investigate how the interplay between fragmentation per se and optimal foraging behavior influences predator-prey interactions and, ultimately, ecosystem stability. We study cases where prey occupies isolated habitat patches and let predators disperse between patches following a Lévy random walk. Our results show that both the Lévy exponent and the degree of fragmentation strongly determine coexistence probabilities. Brownian and ballistic predators go extinct in highly fragmented landscapes and only scale-free predators can coexist with prey. Furthermore, our results reveal that predation causes irreversible loss of prey habitat in highly fragmented landscapes due to the overexploitation of smaller patches. Moreover, our results show that predator movement can reduce, but not prevent not minimize, the amount of irreversibly lost habitat. Our results suggest that incorporating optimal foraging theory into population- and landscape ecology models is crucial to assess the impact of fragmentation on biodiversity and ecosystem stability.

Cognition in predator-prey systems: Searching image and prey polymorphism

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan B. Bond ◽  
Alan C. Kamil ◽  
Christopher Cink
Keyword(s):  
Predator Prey

JENIS BURUNG DI KAMPUS UNIVERSITAS TANJUNGPURA

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sutarto Kusuma Indra ◽  
Kustiati Kustiati ◽  
Rafdinal Rafdinal
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Residential Land ◽  
Encounter Rates ◽  
Passer Montanus ◽  
Quality Degradation

Quality degradation, modification, and habitat loss are significant threats to bird species. The natural habitat of birds has been modified into residential land and facilities to meet the needs of human life as happened at Tanjungpura University. This study aims to determine of birds species at Tanjungpura University. Observations were carried out from January to March 2019. The method used in collecting the data from bird was “Encounter rates” which was conducted in the morning starting at 6 – 9 am and at 3 - 6 pm. The data obtained were analyzed with the formula of simple abundance scale and frequency of attendance. The birds found at Universitas Tanjungpura are 28 species classified into 23 genera, 17 families, and seven orders. Birds found to have an abundance order scale are classified into abundant, general, frequent and, unusual categories. Birds included in the abundant category are Collocalia fuciphaga and Passer montanus. The types of bird foods at Tanjungpura University consist of frugivore, insectivore, granivore, herbivore, carnivore, piscivore, omnivore, molluscivore, and nectarivore. The value of attendance frequency have range between 10-100%. The bird species with highest frequency of attendance’s value is Passer montanus, Pycnonotus aurigaster, Pycnonotus goiavier, Collocalia fuciphaga, and Anthreptes malacensis.

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