scholarly journals Rationalizing ex situ collection of reproductive materials for endangered livestock breed conservation

2021 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 106916
Author(s):  
Rafael De Oliveira Silva ◽  
Oscar Cortes Gardyn ◽  
Sipke-Joost Hiemstra ◽  
Joao G. Oliveira Marques ◽  
Michèle Tixier-Boichard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ex Situ ◽  
Ex Situ Collection

scholarly journals Diversity and Relationships among Neglected Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) Landraces Using Morphological Traits and SSR Markers: Implications for Agro-Biodiversity Conservation

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1341
Author(s):  
Giandomenico Corrado ◽  
Marcello Forlani ◽  
Rosa Rao ◽  
Boris Basile
Keyword(s):  
Prunus Armeniaca ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Skin Colour ◽  
Maintenance Breeding ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca L ◽  
Ex Situ Collection ◽  
Loss Of Diversity ◽  
Ssrs Markers ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Simple Sequence

Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) is an economically important tree species globally cultivated in temperate areas. Italy has an ample number of traditional varieties, but numerous landraces are abandoned and at risk of extinction because of increasing urbanization, agricultural intensification, and varietal renewal. In this work, we investigated the morphological and genetic diversity present in an ex-situ collection of 28 neglected varieties belonging to the so-called “Vesuvian apricot”. Our aim was to understand the level of diversity and the possible link between the promotion of specific fruit types (e.g., by public policies) and the intraspecific variation in apricot. The combination of five continuous and seven categorical traits allowed us to phenotypically distinguish the varieties; while fruit quality-related attributes displayed high variation, both apricot size and skin colour were more uniform. The twelve fluorescent-based Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs) markers identified cultivar-specific molecular profiles and revealed a high molecular diversity, which poorly correlated with that described by the morphological analysis. Our results highlighted the complementary information provided by the two sets of descriptors and that DNA markers are necessary to separate morphologically related apricot landraces. The observed morphological and genetic differences suggest a loss of diversity influenced by maintenance breeding of specific pomological traits (e.g., skin colour and size). Finally, our study provided evidence to recommend complementary strategies to avoid the loss of diversity in apricot. Actions should pivot on both the promotion of easily identified premium products and more inclusive biodiversity-centred on-farm strategies.

scholarly journals Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Genetik Tanaman Obat Spesifik Kalimantan Tengah

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amik Krismawati ◽  
M. Sabran
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
Acid Sulphate ◽  
Medicinal Crops ◽  
Continental Area ◽  
Ex Situ Collection

<p>Central Kalimantan Province covers an area of 15,38 million ha which consist of 61,140 ha coastal region, 1,53 million ha open waters, and 13,79 million ha as inland area. The continental area consisted of various type of lands e.g. acid sulphate, peats soil, and up land. In order to explore and conserve potential medicinal plants indigenous to Central Kalimantan, these exploration and characterization activities were conducted. Method of study: (1) exploration, (2) ex situ conservation, (3) characterization, and (4) documentation. The result of these activities are ex situ collection of 15 acessions of medicinal crops. This exploration obtained 15 accessions of medicinal plants which were characterized and conserved in ex situ condition.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Kalimantan Tengah memiliki luas wilayah 15,38 juta ha yang terdiri dari 61,1 ribu ha daerah pantai, 1,53 juta ha daerah perairan umum, dan 17,79 juta ha daratan. Wilayah daratan yang luas ini terdiri atas berbagai tipologi lahan seperti lahan sulfat masam, gambut, dan lahan kering. Untuk menggali potensi dan melestarikan plasma nutfah tanaman obat spesifik Kalimantan Tengah telah dilaksanakan kegiatan eksplorasi dan karakterisasi. Dari kegiatan ini dapat disusun deskripsi berbagai jenis tanaman tersebut untuk inventarisasi, karakterisasi, dan koleksi tanaman obat secara ex situ dalam bentuk kebun pembibitan. Metode kegiatan meliputi (1) eksplorasi, (2) konservasi ex situ, (3) karakterisasi, dan (4) dokumentasi. Hasil kegiatan adalah koleksi secara ex situ tanaman obat sebanyak 15 aksesi.</p>

Morphological variability of prickly pear cultivars (Opuntia spp.) established in ex-situ collection in Tunisia

2019 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 163-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elhani Amani ◽  
Louati Marwa ◽  
Ben Salem Hichem ◽  
Salhi-Hannachi Amel ◽  
Baraket Ghada
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Prickly Pear ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Ex Situ Collection ◽  
Opuntia Spp

Searching an Ex Situ Collection of Wheat Genetic Resources

2000 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 812-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Gollin ◽  
Melinda Smale ◽  
Bent Skovmand
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Ex Situ Collection

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Algerian Endemic Plant Species Avena macrostachya Bal. ex Cross. et Durieu

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1984
Author(s):  
Paulina Bolc ◽  
Bogusław Łapiński ◽  
Wiesław Podyma ◽  
Maja Boczkowska
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Unknown Species ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Ex Situ Collection ◽  
Endemic Plant Species ◽  
Inexpensive Technique

Avena macrostachya is still a relatively unknown species. Using sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers, a simple and inexpensive technique, allowed us to conduct experiments on genetic differentiation and to study the population structure of this Algerian endemic oat. The results obtained showed lower than expected genetic diversity within the A. macrostachya species. The cause may be endemism of the species as well as genetic drift possible during collection, and maintenance of the accessions in gene bank and seed reproduction. No clear genetic structure was found in the examined collection, which indicates a close relationship between the populations collected in the Djurdjura National Park in Algeria. Considering the endemism of the species, its breeding potential and the small-scale ex situ collection, careful monitoring of natural sites and repeating of the collection mission are, therefore, absolutely crucial.

scholarly journals Phenotypic diversity assessment within a major ex situ collection of wild endemic coffees in Madagascar

2020 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 849-863
Author(s):  
Aurore Rimlinger ◽  
Nathalie Raharimalala ◽  
Véronique Letort ◽  
Jean-Jacques Rakotomalala ◽  
Dominique Crouzillat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Signal ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Leaf Mass ◽  
Content Ratio ◽  
Diversity Assessment ◽  
Ex Situ Collection

Abstract Background and Aims Like other clades, the Coffea genus is highly diversified on the island of Madagascar. The 66 endemic species have colonized various environments and consequently exhibit a wide diversity of morphological, functional and phenological features and reproductive strategies. The trends of interspecific trait variation, which stems from interactions between genetically defined species and their environment, still needed to be addressed for Malagasy coffee trees. Methods Data acquisition was done in the most comprehensive ex situ collection of Madagascan wild Coffea. The structure of endemic wild coffees maintained in an ex situ collection was explored in terms of morphological, phenological and functional traits. The environmental (natural habitat) effect was assessed on traits in species from distinct natural habitats. Phylogenetic signal (Pagel’s λ, Blomberg’s K) was used to quantify trait proximities among species according to their phylogenetic relatedness. Key Results Despite the lack of environmental difference in the ex situ collection, widely diverging phenotypes were observed. Phylogenetic signal was found to vary greatly across and even within trait categories. The highest values were exhibited by the ratio of internode mass to leaf mass, the length of the maturation phase and leaf dry matter content (ratio of dry leaf mass to fresh leaf mass). By contrast, traits weakly linked to phylogeny were either constrained by the original natural environment (leaf size) or under selective pressures (phenological traits). Conclusions This study gives insight into complex patterns of trait variability found in an ex situ collection, and underlines the opportunities offered by living ex situ collections for research characterizing phenotypic variation.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Apple (Malus ×domestica) Genetic Resources in Bosnia and Herzegovina Using Microsatellite Markers

HortScience ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuad Gasi ◽  
Silvio Simon ◽  
Naris Pojskic ◽  
Mirsad Kurtovic ◽  
Ivan Pejic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Factorial Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
Ex Situ Collection ◽  
Simple Sequence

There is a need for classifying and conserving local apple cultivars from two main regions in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H). Consequently, 71 local apple accessions (31 from Sarajevo and 40 from eastern Bosnia) were evaluated with a set of 10 simple sequence repeats (SSRs). These accessions were compared with 37 reference cultivars (24 traditional B&H and 13 international cultivars maintained at the ex situ collection Srebrenik) to determine synonyms, homonyms, and possible introgression of foreign genotypes into the local apple germplasm. Using 10 primer pairs of microsatellites, we were able to amplify 135 alleles for the 71 local apple accessions. Detection of more than two different alleles per locus was observed for 34 accessions. Fourteen different homonyms and 12 synonyms were identified among all the apple cultivars analyzed. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed a significant genetic differentiation between most of the groups analyzed but not between accessions from Sarajevo and eastern Bosnia. Bayesian method and admixture analysis of the allele frequency allowed classification of all accessions analyzed and found that they fell into two main groups [reconstructed panmictic populations (RPPs)]. Strong genetic differentiation between these two groups was detected using AMOVA (fCT = 0.130; P < 0.001). Analysis of the genetic structure indicates that overall, approximately half of the local apple cultivars from Sarajevo and eastern Bosnia (52% and 45%, respectively) grouped in the RPP1 consisting mainly out of international reference cultivars, whereas the other half grouped in the RPP2 with traditional B&H reference cultivars. Both neighbor joining (NJ) cluster analysis based on Bruvo genetic distance and factorial correspondence analysis (FCA) confirmed the results of the genetic structure analysis. The molecular data show that both apple accessions from Sarajevo and from eastern Bosnia represent an interesting source of diversity, which needs to be conserved.

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