Spatial and temporal variability in new production in the equatorial Pacific during 1980–2003: Physical and biogeochemical controls

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (5-7) ◽  
pp. 677-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiujun Wang ◽  
James R. Christian ◽  
Ragu Murtugudde ◽  
Antonio J. Busalacchi
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Equatorial Pacific ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
New Production

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal variability in nutrients and carbon uptake during 2004 and 2005 in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 4369-4383 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Palacz ◽  
F. Chai
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Zooplankton Biomass ◽  
Equatorial Pacific ◽  
Ocean Modeling ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Equatorial Pacific Ocean ◽  
Regional Ocean Modeling System ◽  
Eastern Equatorial Pacific ◽  
Physical Interactions

Abstract. The eastern equatorial Pacific plays a~great role in the global carbon budget due to its enhanced biological productivity linked to the equatorial upwelling. However, as confirmed by the Equatorial Biocomplexity cruises in 2004 and 2005, nutrient upwelling supply varies strongly, partly due to the tropical instability waves (TIWs). The aim of this study was to examine patterns of spatial and temporal variability in the biological uptake of NO3, Si(OH)4 and carbon in this region, and to evaluate the role of biological and physical interactions controlling this variability over seasonal and intraseasonal time scales. Here, high resolution Pacific ROMS–CoSiNE (Regional Ocean Modeling System–Carbon, Silicon, Nitrogen Ecosystem) model results were evaluated with in situ and remote sensing data. The results of model–data comparison revealed a good agreement in domain-average hydrographic and biological rate estimates, and patterns of spatio-temporal variability in primary productivity. We confirmed that TIWs have the potential to enhance phytoplankton biomass through an increased supply of nutrients and elevated local and instantaneous phytoplankton nutrient uptake as opposed to only advecting biomass. Furthermore, we concluded that initial biological conditions (e.g., zooplankton biomass) may play an important additional constraint on biological responses, in particular of large phytoplankton such as diatoms, to TIW-induced perturbations in the physical and biogeochemical fields and fluxes. In order to fully resolve the complexity of biological and physical interactions in the eastern equatorial Pacific, we recommended improving CoSiNE and other models by introducing more phytoplankton groups, variable Redfield and carbon to chlorophyll ratios, as well as resolving the Fe–Si co-limitation of phytoplankton growth.

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal variability in nutrients and carbon uptake during 2004 and 2005 in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 701-744
Author(s):  
A. P. Palacz ◽  
F. Chai
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Equatorial Pacific ◽  
Carbon Uptake ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Equatorial Pacific Ocean ◽  
Instability Waves ◽  
Tropical Instability Waves ◽  
Eastern Equatorial Pacific ◽  
Physical Interactions

Abstract. The Eastern Equatorial Pacific plays a great role in the global carbon budget due to its enhanced biological productivity linked to the equatorial upwelling. However, as confirmed by the Equatorial Biocomplexity cruises in 2004 and 2005, nutrient upwelling supply varies strongly, also due to the Tropical Instability Waves. The aim of this study is to examine patterns of spatial and temporal variability in the biological uptake of NO3, Si(OH)4 and carbon in this region, and to evaluate the role of biological and physical interactions controlling these processes over seasonal and intra-seasonal time scales. Here, high resolution Pacific ROMS-CoSiNE model results are combined with in situ and remote sensing data. The results of model-data comparison reveal an excellent agreement in domain-average hydrographic and biological rate estimates, and patterns of spatio-temporal variability in primary productivity. We demonstrate for the first time that Tropical Instability Waves can be directly linked to increased NO3 and Si(OH)4 upwelling supply and enhanced nutrient and carbon uptake, in particular by large phytoplankton such as diatoms. In order to fully resolve the complexity of biological and physical interactions in the Eastern Equatorial Pacific, we recommend improving the CoSiNE model by introducing more phytoplankton groups and a variable Redfield ratio.

Response of Corn Grain Yield to Spatial and Temporal Variability in Emergence

Crop Science ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weidong Liu ◽  
Matthijs Tollenaar ◽  
Greg Stewart ◽  
William Deen
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Corn Grain ◽  
Corn Grain Yield
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