Young adults’ adjustment to a recent diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: The role of identity satisfaction and self-efficacy

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuela Calandri ◽  
Federica Graziano ◽  
Martina Borghi ◽  
Silvia Bonino
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Recent Diagnosis

Management of multiple sclerosis: the role of coping self-efficacy and self-esteem

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 964-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavol Mikula ◽  
Iveta Nagyova ◽  
Marianna Vitkova ◽  
Jarmila Szilasiova
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Self Esteem

scholarly journals ‘The positive feel’: Unpacking the role of positive thinking in people with multiple sclerosis’s thinking aloud about staying physically active

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 3026-3036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel M Hall-McMaster ◽  
Gareth J Treharne ◽  
Catherine M Smith
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Positive Thinking ◽  
Thinking Aloud ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Physical Activity Interventions ◽  
Physical Activity Motivation

People with multiple sclerosis experience barriers to physical activity. Thought processes are interwoven with garnering motivation to overcome these barriers. This study investigated in-depth the role of positive thinking in physical activity motivation of two women and two men with multiple sclerosis. Participants thought aloud while completing standardised measures of physical activity, stages of change and self-efficacy, and in response to planned and spontaneous questions. Four themes were formulated using inductive thematic analysis: thoughts about purpose, self-efficacy, the past and reinforcement through positive thinking. These findings have implications for physical activity theories and delivering appropriate physical activity interventions to the multiple sclerosis community.

scholarly journals Acute management of multiple sclerosis

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
A FA Merrison ◽  
◽  
Neil J Scolding ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Symptom Control ◽  
Emergency Setting ◽  
Acute Management ◽  
Acute Relapse

Multiple sclerosis is one of the commonest causes of disability in young adults. This review highlights some of the acute presentations of this condition, and how these may be managed in the emergency setting. The role of corticosteroids is discussed, along with the value of other drugs in symptom control during an acute relapse.

Age differences in responsiveness to shocking prosocial campaigns

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanne Albouy ◽  
Jean-Marc Décaudin
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Emotional Appeals ◽  
Persuasive Effect

Purpose This paper aims to study age differences in responsiveness to shocking prosocial campaigns. It specifically investigates the differences between seniors and young adults regarding the persuasive effect of emotional charity campaigns, the intensity of negative emotions and empathy elicited, the affect-based persuasive process leading to the ad effectiveness and the role of perceived self-efficacy. Design/methodology/approach Two studies are conducted on seniors (n1 = 173; n2 = 118) and young adults (n1 = 170; n2 = 123) exposed to appeals for “Action against Hunger” incorporating various levels of emotional content. Findings The results indicate that seniors are more receptive to emotional campaigns but only for higher emotional ads and only regarding intention to donate. Young adults report lower levels of empathy, and findings do not suggest major age differences in the reported negative emotions after exposure to low or high emotional appeals. The affect-based persuasion differs; young adults are particularly influenced by negative emotions, whereas the persuasive effect on the elderly stems from an empathetic reaction. Self-efficacy moderates the effect of negative emotions only among older participants. Practical implications Social marketers are advised to use vivid and realistic stimuli to reach young people and develop these appeals in social media. For an older target audience, however, marketers are advised to use creative components and media support designed to foster personalisation and proximity. Originality/value This study provides a better understanding of age-related effects on emotional persuasion, and addresses the specificity of prosocial appeals involving responsiveness to the suffering of others.

Psychological determinants of job retention in multiple sclerosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen L Ford ◽  
Charlotte R Wicks ◽  
Amanda Stroud ◽  
Alan Tennant
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Job Retention ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Psychological Determinants ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Psychological Attributes ◽  
Physical Impact

Background: Maintaining paid work is a key issue for people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Different factors, including psychological attributes, can influence job retention. Understanding their role should inform potential interventions to help PwMS retain employment. Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the key factors which improve job retention in an employed cohort of PwMS. Methods: This three-year longitudinal study used validated self-completed measures of physical and psychological factors at four time points over 28 months. Results: Of 208 employed PwMS, just over 1 in 10 was no longer working at the end of the study. Three variables were predictive of continuing employment; low ‘work instability’ at baseline increased the odds of job retention by a factor of 12.76; high levels of self-efficacy by a factor of 4.66 and being less than 50 years of age increased the odds of job retention by a factor of 3.90. Path analysis demonstrated the mediating role of self-efficacy between the physical impact of MS and the level of work instability at exit. Conclusion: Screening for work instability and self-efficacy in a clinical setting followed by appropriate interventions to increase self-efficacy and reduce work instability could aid job retention in MS.

scholarly journals 4399 Empowered Transitions: Understanding the Experience of Transitioning to Adult Care Among Adolescents with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Their Parents Using Photovoice

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (s1) ◽  
pp. 84-84
Author(s):  
Jordyn Feingold ◽  
Laurie Keefer ◽  
Ksenia Gorbenko ◽  
Halley Kaye-Kauderer ◽  
Michelle Mendiolaza
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Adult Care ◽  
Transition Readiness ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Disease Specific ◽  
Specific Health

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are most often diagnosed in adolescence and young adulthood, affecting 10 in 100,000 pediatric patients in the US and Canada. Adolescents with IBD are vulnerable to poorer outcomes and higher health costs, partially attributable to disruptions in the continuity of care in the transition from pediatric to adult care settings. There is currently no consensus among providers about the timing of initiation and completion of the transition process for adolescents and young adults with IBD, and access to structured pediatric transition readiness programs are lacking, with a paucity of research to evaluate relevant clinical outcomes in such existing programs. While prior studies have primarily examined barriers and facilitators of successful transitions from the provider perspective, only few studies have systematically examined such factors from the patient and caregiver perspective. We wish to better understand the experience of living with IBD for adolescents and young adults, as well as their parents, to understand barriers and facilitators of successful transitions in care. Ultimately, we wish to articulate best practices in this domain in order to create and evaluate a transitions program for patients and parents at the Mount Sinai IBD Center. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We are recruiting 15-25 patient-parent dyads to complete our study. At recruitment, we collect baseline quantitative metrics from patients pertaining to demographics, disease characteristics, transition-readiness, self-efficacy, resilience, disease-specific health knowledge, and health literacy. From parents, we collect demographic information, concordance metrics (e.g. how parents perceive their children’s resilience, self-efficacy), parenting style questionnaires, and others. These data are used to understand the characteristics of the young adults and parents within our sample to ensure that the results of our study will be generalizable to a diverse range of patients and families. We then train our patient-parent dyads in Photovoice, the primary method of our study. Photovoice is a community based participatory research (CBPR) methodology used in health education and other fields. The method employs photography for participants to capture their experiences living with IBD, or being a parent to a child with IBD. We then interview all participants about the photos using a standard script employed in Photovoice. All surveys are transcribed and coded for thematic analysis. Based on our findings, we hope to determine phenotypes of patient-parent dyads who are likely undergo successful transitions as well as those at higher risk, understand competencies necessary for successful transitions, and create a comprehensive transitions program for the IBD Center that can be applied with all patients undergoing transitions from pediatric to adult GI care. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We currently have 26 patients and 25 parents (1 pair of siblings) aged 14-25 enrolled in the study. We hypothesize that adolescents with higher baseline resilience, efficacy, disease-specific health knowledge, and less active disease will have more successful transitions than adolescents with lower scores on these metrics. Similarly, we predict that adolescents with lower baseline resilience, self-efficacy, disease-specific health knowledge and more active disease will be ideal candidates for a more robust transition-readiness program. Further, we hypothesize that children of more authoritarian parents will be less prepared for transition than those with assertive parents. We are currently in the process of conducting patient/parent interviews, and have collected 6 interviews thus far. We will begin the qualitative coding process once we have four interviews from each cohort. Themes emerging thus far involve: medication management, psychiatric co-morbidity, social support, direct communication with doctors, the role of surgery, school absences, travel, and others. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Transition-readiness is defined as a series of skills in the realms of knowledge, information gathering, self-management, and decision-making that must be mastered by a patient in preparation for a healthcare transition, such as that from pediatric to adult IBD care. It has been shown that many clinicians who rely on subjective measures such as perceived health literacy overestimate transition readiness in their IBD patients. Many pediatric gastroenterologists who use more objective measures rely on a validated self-report questionnaire, the Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire (TRAQ) to assess readiness for transition and to facilitate discussions around the skills necessary to transition, including appointment keeping, tracking health issues, managing medications, talking with providers, and managing daily activities. However, the TRAQ has been shown to be limited in its ability to predict transition readiness independently of age, and ignores both provider and family perspectives. Given the critical role of parents in medical decision making, and the differential emphasis of the caregiver role in pediatric versus adult IBD care paradigms, it is vitally important to identify barriers to transition as well as differences in perspectives between adolescents living with IBD and their parents. Our study is the first to employ Photovoice, a method that ‘gives a voice to the voiceless’ in the gastroenterology space, in order to understand the needs that adolescents and young adults themselves perceive as critical in promoting transition-readiness. We include parents in this inquiry in order to understand how parental perceptions of their children’s transition-readiness promote or stifle successful transitions and independent disease self-management. We will ultimately use this data to create a Transitions program to evaluate in our center for adolescents with IBD and their parents.

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