scholarly journals An Hdac1/Rpd3-Poised Circuit Balances Continual Self-Renewal and Rapid Restriction of Developmental Potential during Asymmetric Stem Cell Division

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-380.e7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek H. Janssens ◽  
Danielle C. Hamm ◽  
Lucas Anhezini ◽  
Qi Xiao ◽  
Karsten H. Siller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Self Renewal ◽  
Developmental Potential ◽  
Stem Cell Division

scholarly journals Constrained optimisation of divisional load in hierarchically-organised tissues during homeostasis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Ashcroft ◽  
Sebastian Bonhoeffer
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Time Horizon ◽  
Tissue Homeostasis ◽  
Cell Turnover ◽  
Specific Mechanism ◽  
Self Renewal ◽  
Constrained Optimisation ◽  
Binary Division ◽  
Stem Cell Division

It has been hypothesised that the structure of tissues and the hierarchy of differentiation from stem cell to terminally-differentiated cell play a significant role in reducing the incidence of cancer in that tissue. One specific mechanism by which this risk can be reduced is by minimising the number of divisions -- and hence the mutational risk -- that cells accumulate as they divide to maintain tissue homeostasis. Here we investigate a mathematical model of cell division in a hierarchical tissue, calculating and minimising the divisional load while constraining parameters such that homeostasis is maintained. We show that the minimal divisional load is achieved by binary division tress with progenitor cells incapable of self-renewal. Contrary to the protection hypothesis, we find that an increased stem cell turnover can lead to lower divisional load. Furthermore, we find that the optimal tissue structure depends on the time horizon of the duration of homeostasis, with faster stem cell division favoured in short-lived organisms and more progenitor compartments favoured in longer-lived organisms.

scholarly journals Regulating the balance between symmetric and asymmetric stem cell division in the developing brain

Fly ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Egger ◽  
Katrina S. Gold ◽  
Andrea H. Brand
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Developing Brain ◽  
Stem Cell Division

scholarly journals Multilayered gene control drives timely exit from the stem cell state in uncommitted progenitors during Drosophila asymmetric neural stem cell division

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (23-24) ◽  
pp. 1550-1561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideyuki Komori ◽  
Krista L. Golden ◽  
Taeko Kobayashi ◽  
Ryoichiro Kageyama ◽  
Cheng-Yu Lee
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Neural Stem Cell ◽  
Gene Control ◽  
Cell State ◽  
Stem Cell Division ◽  
Stem Cell State

scholarly journals Klp10A, a stem cell centrosome-enriched kinesin, balances asymmetries in Drosophila male germline stem cell division

eLife ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuie Chen ◽  
Mayu Inaba ◽  
Zsolt G Venkei ◽  
Yukiko M Yamashita
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Germline Stem Cell ◽  
Germline Stem Cells ◽  
Male Germline ◽  
Mother And Daughter ◽  
Stem Cell Divisions ◽  
Stem Cell Division ◽  
Male Germline Stem Cells

Asymmetric stem cell division is often accompanied by stereotypical inheritance of the mother and daughter centrosomes. However, it remains unknown whether and how stem cell centrosomes are uniquely regulated and how this regulation may contribute to stem cell fate. Here we identify Klp10A, a microtubule-depolymerizing kinesin of the kinesin-13 family, as the first protein enriched in the stem cell centrosome in Drosophila male germline stem cells (GSCs). Depletion of klp10A results in abnormal elongation of the mother centrosomes in GSCs, suggesting the existence of a stem cell-specific centrosome regulation program. Concomitant with mother centrosome elongation, GSCs form asymmetric spindle, wherein the elongated mother centrosome organizes considerably larger half spindle than the other. This leads to asymmetric cell size, yielding a smaller differentiating daughter cell. We propose that klp10A functions to counteract undesirable asymmetries that may result as a by-product of achieving asymmetries essential for successful stem cell divisions.

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