scholarly journals The relationship between performance in a theory of mind task and intrinsic functional connectivity in youth with early onset psychosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 100726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Ilzarbe ◽  
Elena de la Serna ◽  
Inmaculada Baeza ◽  
Mireia Rosa ◽  
Olga Puig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Intrinsic Functional Connectivity ◽  
Early Onset Psychosis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mind Task

The Mediating Effect of Language on the Development of Cognitive and Affective Theory of Mind

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicity J Bigelow ◽  
Gillian M Clark ◽  
Jarrad Lum ◽  
Peter Gregory Enticott
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Middle Childhood ◽  
Cognitive Empathy ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Language Abilities ◽  
Language Assessments ◽  
Empathic Ability ◽  
The Relationship

Theory of mind (ToM) development is critical to effective social functioning and appears to depend on complementary language abilities. The current study explored the mediating influence of language on the development of cognitive and affective ToM. 151 children aged between 5-12 years completed ToM (cognitive and affective) and language assessments, and parents provided ratings of their child’s empathic ability. Results showed that language mediated the relationship between age and both cognitive and affective ToM, but not parent-reported cognitive empathy. Examination of younger and older subgroups revealed that language mediated cognitive and affective ToM differently across developmental periods. Findings highlight the dynamic role that language plays in the development of both cognitive and affective ToM throughout early and middle childhood.

PIENSA: Development of an Early Intervention Program for Adolescents With Early-Onset Psychosis and Their Families

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Ruiz-Sancho ◽  
Ana Calvo ◽  
Marta Rapado-Castro ◽  
Miguel Moreno ◽  
Carmen Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Intervention ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Early Intervention Program ◽  
Early Onset Psychosis

P300 amplitude attenuation in high risk and early onset psychosis youth

2019 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 228-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey Graber ◽  
Michelle Bosquet Enlow ◽  
Frank H. Duffy ◽  
Eugene D'Angelo ◽  
Georgios Sideridis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
P300 Amplitude ◽  
Amplitude Attenuation ◽  
Early Onset Psychosis

scholarly journals Glutamate connectivity associations converge upon the salience network in schizophrenia and healthy controls

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. McCutcheon ◽  
Toby Pillinger ◽  
Maria Rogdaki ◽  
Juan Bustillo ◽  
Oliver D. Howes
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Salience Network ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
1H Mrs ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Functional Brain Networks ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractAlterations in cortical inter-areal functional connectivity, and aberrant glutamatergic signalling are implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia but the relationship between the two is unclear. We used multimodal imaging to identify areas of convergence between the two systems. Two separate cohorts were examined, comprising 195 participants in total. All participants received resting state functional MRI to characterise functional brain networks and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) to measure glutamate concentrations in the frontal cortex. Study A investigated the relationship between frontal cortex glutamate concentrations and network connectivity in individuals with schizophrenia and healthy controls. Study B also used 1H-MRS, and scanned individuals with schizophrenia and healthy controls before and after a challenge with the glutamatergic modulator riluzole, to investigate the relationship between changes in glutamate concentrations and changes in network connectivity. In both studies the network based statistic was used to probe associations between glutamate and connectivity, and glutamate associated networks were then characterised in terms of their overlap with canonical functional networks. Study A involved 76 individuals with schizophrenia and 82 controls, and identified a functional network negatively associated with glutamate concentrations that was concentrated within the salience network (p < 0.05) and did not differ significantly between patients and controls (p > 0.85). Study B involved 19 individuals with schizophrenia and 17 controls and found that increases in glutamate concentrations induced by riluzole were linked to increases in connectivity localised to the salience network (p < 0.05), and the relationship did not differ between patients and controls (p > 0.4). Frontal cortex glutamate concentrations are associated with inter-areal functional connectivity of a network that localises to the salience network. Changes in network connectivity in response to glutamate modulation show an opposite effect compared to the relationship observed at baseline, which may complicate pharmacological attempts to simultaneously correct glutamatergic and connectivity aberrations.

scholarly journals Heritability and interindividual variability of regional structure-function coupling

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zijin Gu ◽  
Keith Wakefield Jamison ◽  
Mert Rory Sabuncu ◽  
Amy Kuceyeski
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Structure Function ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Mri ◽  
Regional Structure ◽  
Human Connectome Project ◽  
Structural Connections ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractWhite matter structural connections are likely to support flow of functional activation or functional connectivity. While the relationship between structural and functional connectivity profiles, here called SC-FC coupling, has been studied on a whole-brain, global level, few studies have investigated this relationship at a regional scale. Here we quantify regional SC-FC coupling in healthy young adults using diffusion-weighted MRI and resting-state functional MRI data from the Human Connectome Project and study how SC-FC coupling may be heritable and varies between individuals. We show that regional SC-FC coupling strength varies widely across brain regions, but was strongest in highly structurally connected visual and subcortical areas. We also show interindividual regional differences based on age, sex and composite cognitive scores, and that SC-FC coupling was highly heritable within certain networks. These results suggest regional structure-function coupling is an idiosyncratic feature of brain organisation that may be influenced by genetic factors.

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