scholarly journals Myosin-IXA Regulates Collective Epithelial Cell Migration by Targeting RhoGAP Activity to Cell-Cell Junctions

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 278-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Omelchenko ◽  
Alan Hall
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Cell Junctions ◽  
Epithelial Cell Migration ◽  
Cell Cell

scholarly journals Keratin intermediate filaments: intermediaries of epithelial cell migration

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 521-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sungjun Yoon ◽  
Rudolf E. Leube
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Cell Junctions ◽  
Epithelial Tissue ◽  
Post Translational Modification ◽  
Cell Sheets ◽  
Epithelial Cell Migration

Abstract Migration of epithelial cells is fundamental to multiple developmental processes, epithelial tissue morphogenesis and maintenance, wound healing and metastasis. While migrating epithelial cells utilize the basic acto-myosin based machinery as do other non-epithelial cells, they are distinguished by their copious keratin intermediate filament (KF) cytoskeleton, which comprises differentially expressed members of two large multigene families and presents highly complex patterns of post-translational modification. We will discuss how the unique mechanophysical and biochemical properties conferred by the different keratin isotypes and their modifications serve as finely tunable modulators of epithelial cell migration. We will furthermore argue that KFs together with their associated desmosomal cell–cell junctions and hemidesmosomal cell–extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesions serve as important counterbalances to the contractile acto-myosin apparatus either allowing and optimizing directed cell migration or preventing it. The differential keratin expression in leaders and followers of collectively migrating epithelial cell sheets provides a compelling example of isotype-specific keratin functions. Taken together, we conclude that the expression levels and specific combination of keratins impinge on cell migration by conferring biomechanical properties on any given epithelial cell affecting cytoplasmic viscoelasticity and adhesion to neighboring cells and the ECM.

scholarly journals Enhanced Piezoelectric Fibered Extracellular Matrix to Promote Cardiomyocyte Maturation and Tissue Formation: A 3D Computational Model

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Pau Urdeitx ◽  
Mohamed H. Doweidar
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Cell Junctions ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
Cardiac Muscle Cells ◽  
Cell Processes ◽  
Electrical Stimuli ◽  
Cell Cell

Mechanical and electrical stimuli play a key role in tissue formation, guiding cell processes such as cell migration, differentiation, maturation, and apoptosis. Monitoring and controlling these stimuli on in vitro experiments is not straightforward due to the coupling of these different stimuli. In addition, active and reciprocal cell–cell and cell–extracellular matrix interactions are essential to be considered during formation of complex tissue such as myocardial tissue. In this sense, computational models can offer new perspectives and key information on the cell microenvironment. Thus, we present a new computational 3D model, based on the Finite Element Method, where a complex extracellular matrix with piezoelectric properties interacts with cardiac muscle cells during the first steps of tissue formation. This model includes collective behavior and cell processes such as cell migration, maturation, differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. The model has employed to study the initial stages of in vitro cardiac aggregate formation, considering cell–cell junctions, under different extracellular matrix configurations. Three different cases have been purposed to evaluate cell behavior in fibered, mechanically stimulated fibered, and mechanically stimulated piezoelectric fibered extra-cellular matrix. In this last case, the cells are guided by the coupling of mechanical and electrical stimuli. Accordingly, the obtained results show the formation of more elongated groups and enhancement in cell proliferation.

Involvement of aquaporin-1 in gastric epithelial cell migration during wound repair

2009 ◽  
Vol 386 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shusaku Hayashi ◽  
Nobuaki Takahashi ◽  
Naoto Kurata ◽  
Aya Yamaguchi ◽  
Hirofumi Matsui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Wound Repair ◽  
Gastric Epithelial Cell ◽  
Aquaporin 1 ◽  
Epithelial Cell Migration

scholarly journals Anomalous diffusion on dynamical networks: a model for interacting epithelial cell migration

2003 ◽  
Vol 320 ◽  
pp. 475-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Thurner ◽  
Nikolaus Wick ◽  
Rudolf Hanel ◽  
Roland Sedivy ◽  
Lukas Huber
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Anomalous Diffusion ◽  
Dynamical Networks ◽  
Epithelial Cell Migration

scholarly journals Decreased CXCL12 is associated with impaired alveolar epithelial cell migration and poor lung healing after lung resection

Surgery ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 158 (4) ◽  
pp. 1073-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob A. Kanter ◽  
Haiying Sun ◽  
Stephen Chiu ◽  
Malcolm M. DeCamp ◽  
Peter H.S. Sporn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial Cell ◽  
Lung Resection ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial ◽  
Epithelial Cell Migration
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