scholarly journals Cephalopod dynamic camouflage

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. R400-R404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Hanlon
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Camouflage

Dynamic Camouflage Materials Based on Silk-Reflectin Chimeras

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiorenzo Omenetto ◽  
David L. Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Camouflage

scholarly journals Changes in reflectin protein phosphorylation are associated with dynamic iridescence in squid

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (44) ◽  
pp. 549-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michi Izumi ◽  
Alison M. Sweeney ◽  
Daniel DeMartini ◽  
James C. Weaver ◽  
Meghan L. Powers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cholinergic System ◽  
Protein Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Light Organ ◽  
Complex Dynamic ◽  
New Members ◽  
The Family ◽  
Muscarinic Cholinergic ◽  
Dynamic Camouflage

Many cephalopods exhibit remarkable dermal iridescence, a component of their complex, dynamic camouflage and communication. In the species Euprymna scolopes , the light-organ iridescence is static and is due to reflectin protein-based platelets assembled into lamellar thin-film reflectors called iridosomes, contained within iridescent cells called iridocytes. Squid in the family Loliginidae appear to be unique in which the dermis possesses a dynamic iridescent component with reflective, coloured structures that are assembled and disassembled under the control of the muscarinic cholinergic system and the associated neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh). Here we present the sequences and characterization of three new members of the reflectin family associated with the dynamically changeable iridescence in Loligo and not found in static Euprymna iridophores. In addition, we show that application of genistein, a protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor, suppresses ACh- and calcium-induced iridescence in Loligo . We further demonstrate that two of these novel reflectins are extensively phosphorylated in concert with the activation of iridescence by exogenous ACh. This phosphorylation and the correlated iridescence can be blocked with genistein. Our results suggest that tyrosine phosphorylation of reflectin proteins is involved in the regulation of dynamic iridescence in Loligo .

scholarly journals Evidence for distributed light sensing in the skin of cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 600-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia M. Mäthger ◽  
Steven B. Roberts ◽  
Roger T. Hanlon
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Sepia Officinalis ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Light Sensing ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Spectral Discrimination ◽  
Body Patterns ◽  
Ventral Skin ◽  
Dynamic Camouflage

We report that the skin of cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis , contains opsin transcripts suggesting a possible role of distributed light sensing for dynamic camouflage and signalling. The mRNA coding for opsin from various body regions was amplified and sequenced, and gene expression was detected in fin and ventral skin samples. The amino acid sequence of the opsin polypeptide that these transcripts would produce was identical in retina and fin tissue samples, but the ventral skin opsin transcripts differed by a single amino acid. The diverse camouflage and signalling body patterns of cephalopods are visually controlled, and these findings suggest a possible additional mechanism of light sensing and subsequent skin patterning. Cuttlefish, along with a number of other cephalopod species, have been shown to be colour-blind. Since the opsin in the fin is identical to that of the retina (λ max = 492 nm), and the ventral transcripts are also unlikely to be spectrally different, colour discrimination by the skin opsins is unlikely. However, spectral discrimination could be provided by involving other skin structures (chromatophores and iridophores), which produce changeable colours and patterns. This ‘distributed sensing’ could supplement the otherwise visually driven dynamic camouflage system by assisting with colour or brightness matching to adjacent substrates.

Stretchable electrochromic devices enabled via shape memory alloy composites (SMAC) for dynamic camouflage

2019 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 378-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengfei Zhao ◽  
Hualing Chen ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
Hongmiao Tian ◽  
Dengshui Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Electrochromic Devices ◽  
Dynamic Camouflage

scholarly journals Dynamic camouflage event based malicious node detection architecture

2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 717-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanthakumar Pongaliur ◽  
Li Xiao ◽  
Alex X. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Malicious Node ◽  
Malicious Node Detection ◽  
Event Based ◽  
Dynamic Camouflage

scholarly journals Visual interpolation for contour completion by the European cuttlefish ( Sepia officinalis ) and its use in dynamic camouflage

2012 ◽  
Vol 279 (1737) ◽  
pp. 2386-2390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Zylinski ◽  
Anne-Sophie Darmaillacq ◽  
Nadav Shashar
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Sepia Officinalis ◽  
Small Individual ◽  
Edge Information ◽  
Shallow Water Environment ◽  
Body Pattern ◽  
Dynamic Camouflage ◽  
Contour Completion

Cuttlefish rapidly change their appearance in order to camouflage on a given background in response to visual parameters, giving us access to their visual perception. Recently, it was shown that isolated edge information is sufficient to elicit a body pattern very similar to that used when a whole object is present. Here, we examined contour completion in cuttlefish by assaying body pattern responses to artificial backgrounds of ‘objects’ formed from fragmented circles, these same fragments rotated on their axis, and with the fragments scattered over the background, as well as positive (full circles) and negative (homogenous background) controls. The animals displayed similar responses to the full and fragmented circles, but used a different body pattern in response to the rotated and scattered fragments. This suggests that they completed the broken circles and recognized them as whole objects, whereas rotated and scattered fragments were instead interpreted as small, individual objects in their own right. We discuss our findings in the context of achieving accurate camouflage in the benthic shallow-water environment.

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