Chemical control of root rot complex and stem rot of greenhouse cucumber in straw-bale culture

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 16-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Vatchev ◽  
S. Maneva
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Greenhouse Cucumber ◽  
Straw Bale

Identification and Pathogenicity of Fusarium Species Associated with Root Rot and Stem Rot of Dendrobium

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Latiffah ◽  
M.Z. Nur Hayati ◽  
S. Baharuddin ◽  
Z. Maziah
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Stem Rot

scholarly journals Greenhouse test for the resistance to root and stem rot of Hypericum perforatum L. accessions

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽  
pp. 533-535
Author(s):  
A. Kačergius ◽  
D. Radaitienė
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Hypericum Perforatum ◽  
Fusarium Avenaceum ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Artificial Infection ◽  
Medicinal And Aromatic Plants ◽  
Field Collection ◽  
Hypericum Perforatum L ◽  
Wild Accessions

Root and stem rot caused by soil-borne agent Fusarium avenaceum is a major disease of wild Hypericum perforatum accessions in the field collection of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (MAP) of the Institute of Botany in Lithuania. These wild accessions of H. perforatum are growing as an initial material for breeding. In 1998–2001 the monitoring of epidemiological situation of field collection of H. perforatum showed differences among accessions considering the resistance to root rot. High intensity of root rot was observed in the third–fourth years of cultivation. The most damaged plants (> 50%) were among the accessions 219, 379, 381, and cv. Zolotodolinskaja. Fungi of the Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Penicillium, Rhizoctonia, and Verticillium genera were associated with H. perforatum roots together with the rot agent Fusarium avenaceum. Seven accessions from Lithuania and cv. Zolotodolinskaja of H. perforatum were tested for the resistance to root rot under greenhouse conditions. Two accessions (219, 381) were highly susceptible to the disease, another two (218, 383) were less susceptible, others were free of the symptoms of root rot. Accessions and single plants, survived after artificial infection, have been selected for further investigations.

scholarly journals Night Spraying Peanut Fungicides II. Application Timings and Spray Deposition in the Lower Canopy

Plant Disease ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 683-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Augusto ◽  
T. B. Brenneman ◽  
A. K. Culbreath ◽  
P. Sumner
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Spray Deposition ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Spray Penetration ◽  
Systemic Fungicides ◽  
Coverage Density

Chemical control of soilborne peanut (Arachis hypogaea) diseases requires deposition of fungicide on plant tissues near the soil. Four applications of a protectant fungicide, chlorothalonil (1.26 kg a.i./ha), or a systemic, azoxystrobin (0.21 kg a.i./ha), pyraclostrobin (0.21 kg a.i./ha), or prothioconazole (0.08 kg a.i./ha) plus tebuconazole (0.15 kg a.i./ha), were sprayed either (i) early in the morning (3:00 to 5:00 A.M., with folded and wet leaves), (ii) during daylight (10:00 A.M. to 12:00 P.M., with unfolded and dry leaves), or (iii) in the evening (9:00 to 10:00 P.M., with folded and dry leaves). All timings of systemic fungicides provided similar control of foliar diseases. Early-morning applications of pyraclostrobin and prothioconazole plus tebuconazole decreased stem rot (caused by Sclerotium rolfsii) at digging compared with day and evening applications. All systemic fungicides increased yield when applied at early-morning compared with day applications. Spray coverage, density, and droplet size were higher with night than day applications, and differences were more evident in the lower canopy layers. These results suggest that applications made early in the morning to folded, wet leaves can improve spray penetration of peanut canopies, thus improving stem rot control and increasing yield.

scholarly journals Night Spraying Peanut Fungicides I. Extended Fungicide Residual and Integrated Disease Management

Plant Disease ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 676-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Augusto ◽  
T. B. Brenneman ◽  
A. K. Culbreath ◽  
P. Sumner
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Residual Activity ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Integrated Disease Management ◽  
Cercospora Arachidicola ◽  
Puccinia Arachidis ◽  
Fungicide Efficacy

The efficacy of chemical control of stem rot (caused by Sclerotium rolfsii) of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) relies partially on increasing deposition and residual activity in the lower canopy. Tebuconazole (0.21 kg a.i./ha, four applications) and azoxystrobin (0.31 kg a.i./ha, two applications) were each applied on peanut plants in daylight or at night, when leaves were folded, in two Tifton, GA, field trials in 2007. Both timings of each fungicide provided similar control of early leaf spot (caused by Cercospora arachidicola). Night applications of azoxystrobin and tebuconazole reduced stem rot at digging and increased yield compared with day applications. Night applications of tebuconazole were also tested in Nicaragua from 2005 to 2007. Peanut plants had less stem rot, similar levels of rust (caused by Puccinia arachidis), and higher yield with night applications than with day applications. Residual activity of azoxystrobin and tebuconazole were improved on the bottom shaded leaves (on which fungicides would be better deposited with night application) compared with top, sun-exposed leaves (where most fungicide would be deposited with a day application) according to a bioassay with S. rolfsii. Increased fungicide residual activity within the bottom canopy may increase fungicide efficacy on stem rot and augment peanut yield.

Composts containing fluorescent pseudomonads suppress fusarium root and stem rot development on greenhouse cucumber

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (11) ◽  
pp. 896-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey G. Bradley ◽  
Zamir K. Punja
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Growth Room ◽  
Greenhouse Cucumber ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Three composts (Ball, dairy, and greenhouse) were tested for the ability to suppress the development of Fusarium root and stem rot (caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum) on greenhouse cucumber. Dairy and greenhouse composts significantly reduced disease severity (P = 0.05), while Ball compost had no effect. Assessment of total culturable microbes in the composts showed a positive relationship between disease suppressive ability and total population levels of pseudomonads. In vitro antagonism assays between compost-isolated bacterial strains and the pathogen showed that strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exhibited the greatest antagonism. In growth room trials, strains of P. aeruginosa and nonantagonistic Pseudomonas maculicola , plus 2 biocontrol strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens , were tested for their ability to reduce (i) survival of F. oxysporum, (ii) colonization of plants by the pathogen, and (iii) disease severity. Cucumber seedlings grown in compost receiving P. aeruginosa and P. fluorescens had reduced disease severity index scores after 8 weeks compared with control plants without bacteria. Internal stem colonization by F. oxysporum was significantly reduced by P. aeruginosa. The bacteria colonized plant roots at 1.9 × 106 ± 0.73 × 106CFU·(g root tissue)–1and survival was >107 CFU·(g compost)–1after 6 weeks. The locus for 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol production was detected by Southern blot analysis and confirmed by PCR. The production of the antibiotic 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol in liquid culture by P. aeruginosa was confirmed by thin layer chromatography. These results demonstrate that composts containing antibiotic-producing P. aeruginosa have the potential to suppress diseases caused by Fusarium species.

scholarly journals Sclerotium rolfsii, Penyebab Penyakit Busuk Pangkal Batang pada Hippeastrum sp.

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Antok Wahyu Sektiono ◽  
Syamsuddin Djauhari ◽  
Putri Devinta Pertiwi
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar Medium ◽  
White Mycelium ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Range Test

Sclerotium rolfsii, a the Causal Agent of Stem Rot Disease on Hippeastrum sp.Symptoms of stem rot that cause Hippeastrum sp. or red lily wither, leaves turn yellow, and eventually die found at Mangliawan Village, District of Pakis, Malang - East Java. The purpose of this study was to identify the pathogens that cause root rot disease on lily plants and find out their host range. Sclerotium from the symptomatic base of the plant was isolated on potato dextrose agar medium. Fungus was identified based on the morphological characteristics of the colonies and mycelium. Host range test of pathogen was carried out by manual inoculation on Rain lily (Zephyranthes) St. Bernard's lily (Chlorophytum) and Beach Spider lily (Hymenocallis). The results of the identification showed that the fungus had white mycelium and formed sclerotium. Sclerotium is irregularly rounded, white when young, and dark brown when ripe, and forms 10 days after incubation. In hyphae, there are branching, septa, and clam connections. Based on the morphological characteristics of the disease the fungus was identified as Sclerotium rolfsii. In the host range test, the fungus was able to infect rain lilies and paris lilies, but not in spider lilies. This is the first report of S. rolfsii infection in lily in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Greenhouse Cucumber Cultivars Differ in Susceptibility to Fusarium Root and Stem Rot

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Rose ◽  
Zamir K. Punja
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Disease Severity Index ◽  
Plant Mortality ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
The Third ◽  
Enhanced Resistance ◽  
Greenhouse Cucumber

Eighteen cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cultivars (long English type) were screened for their susceptibility to fusarium root and stem rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtend.: Fr. f.sp. radicis-cucumerinum D.J. Vakalounakis using seedlings at the third true-leaf stage. Roots were trimmed and dipped into a spore suspension (105 spores/mL) of the pathogen and the plants were re-potted. A disease severity index (DSI) was used to assess disease responses 4 or 8 weeks later based on plant mortality and the height of surviving plants compared to the noninoculated controls. `Sienna', `Amazing' and `Dominica' were most susceptible to infection and the resulting DSI values were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher compared to noninoculated control plants. The cultivars `Korinda', `Euphoria' and `Aviance' displayed significantly lower DSI values which were not significantly different from noninoculated control plants. The remaining 12 cultivars displayed DSI values which were intermediate between the above two classes of responses. The results from this study indicate there is the potential to identify and develop cultivars and breeding lines of greenhouse cucumbers with enhanced resistance to fusarium root and stem rot.

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