Different and common brain signals of altered neurocognitive mechanisms for unfamiliar face processing in acquired and developmental prosopagnosia

Cortex ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 92-113
Author(s):  
Ela I. Olivares ◽  
Ana S. Urraca ◽  
Agustín Lage-Castellanos ◽  
Jaime Iglesias
Keyword(s):  
Face Processing ◽  
Brain Signals ◽  
Unfamiliar Face

Dissociating Face Processing Skills: Decisions about Lip read Speech, Expression, and Identity

1996 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Campbell ◽  
Barbara Brooks ◽  
Edward de Haan ◽  
Tony Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Face Processing ◽  
Face Identification ◽  
Speech Sounds ◽  
Manual Responses ◽  
Lip Reading ◽  
Identity Matching ◽  
Unfamiliar Face ◽  
Identity Based ◽  
Series Of Experiments

The separability of different subcomponents of face processing has been regularly affirmed, but not always so clearly demonstrated. In particular, the ability to extract speech from faces (lip-reading) has been shown to dissociate doubly from face identification in neurological but not in other populations. In this series of experiments with undergraduates, the classification of speech sounds (lip-reading) from personally familiar and unfamiliar face photographs was explored using speeded manual responses. The independence of lip-reading from identity-based processing was confirmed. Furthermore, the established pattern of independence of expression-matching from, and dependence of identity-matching on, face familiarity was extended to personally familiar faces and “difficult”-emotion decisions. The implications of these findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Social Evaluation of Faces Across Gender and Familiarity

Perception ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 471-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mila Mileva ◽  
Robin S. S. Kramer ◽  
A.Mike Burton
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Face Processing ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Social Evaluation ◽  
Multiple Images ◽  
The Social ◽  
Unfamiliar Face ◽  
Image Rating ◽  
High Dominance ◽  
The Relationship

Models of social evaluation aim to capture the information people use to form first impressions of unfamiliar others. However, little is currently known about the relationship between perceived traits across gender. In Study 1, we asked viewers to provide ratings of key social dimensions (dominance, trustworthiness, etc.) for multiple images of 40 unfamiliar identities. We observed clear sex differences in the perception of dominance—with negative evaluations of high dominance in unfamiliar females but not males. In Study 2, we used the social evaluation context to investigate the key predictions about the importance of pictorial information in familiar and unfamiliar face processing. We compared the consistency of ratings attributed to different images of the same identities and demonstrated that ratings of images depicting the same familiar identity are more tightly clustered than those of unfamiliar identities. Such results imply a shift from image rating to person rating with increased familiarity, a finding which generalises results previously observed in studies of identification.

Faces and Brain Activity: Familiar and Unfamiliar Face Processing

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine D. Marczyk ◽  
Amy Vaughan Van Hecke ◽  
Stephen W. Porges ◽  
Emily Harden
Keyword(s):  
Face Processing ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Unfamiliar Face

scholarly journals Neural Correlates of Familiar and Unfamiliar Face Processing in Infants at Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorders

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 220-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhiannon J. Luyster ◽  
Jennifer B. Wagner ◽  
Vanessa Vogel-Farley ◽  
Helen Tager-Flusberg ◽  
Charles A. Nelson III
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Face Processing ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Unfamiliar Face ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Interhemispheric cooperation for familiar but not unfamiliar face processing

2002 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 1841-1848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina Mohr ◽  
Anna Landgrebe ◽  
Stefan R Schweinberger
Keyword(s):  
Face Processing ◽  
Unfamiliar Face

scholarly journals Stable face representations

2011 ◽  
Vol 366 (1571) ◽  
pp. 1671-1683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Jenkins ◽  
A. Mike Burton
Keyword(s):  
Face Processing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Facial Appearance ◽  
Summary Statistics ◽  
Unfamiliar Face ◽  
Recognition Systems ◽  
Behavioural Experiments ◽  
Image Averaging ◽  
Unrealistic Expectations ◽  
Automatic Systems

Photographs are often used to establish the identity of an individual or to verify that they are who they claim to be. Yet, recent research shows that it is surprisingly difficult to match a photo to a face. Neither humans nor machines can perform this task reliably. Although human perceivers are good at matching familiar faces, performance with unfamiliar faces is strikingly poor. The situation is no better for automatic face recognition systems. In practical settings, automatic systems have been consistently disappointing. In this review, we suggest that failure to distinguish between familiar and unfamiliar face processing has led to unrealistic expectations about face identification in applied settings. We also argue that a photograph is not necessarily a reliable indicator of facial appearance, and develop our proposal that summary statistics can provide more stable face representations. In particular, we show that image averaging stabilizes facial appearance by diluting aspects of the image that vary between snapshots of the same person. We review evidence that the resulting images can outperform photographs in both behavioural experiments and computer simulations, and outline promising directions for future research.

scholarly journals Brain Signals of Face Processing as Revealed by Event-Related Potentials

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ela I. Olivares ◽  
Jaime Iglesias ◽  
Cristina Saavedra ◽  
Nelson J. Trujillo-Barreto ◽  
Mitchell Valdés-Sosa
Keyword(s):  
Face Processing ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Causal Modeling ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Brain Signals ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Neuroanatomical Data

We analyze the functional significance of different event-related potentials (ERPs) as electrophysiological indices of face perception and face recognition, according to cognitive and neurofunctional models of face processing. Initially, the processing of faces seems to be supported by early extrastriate occipital cortices and revealed by modulations of the occipital P1. This early response is thought to reflect the detection of certain primary structural aspects indicating the presencegrosso modoof a face within the visual field. The posterior-temporal N170 is more sensitive to the detection of faces as complex-structured stimuli and, therefore, to the presence of its distinctive organizational characteristics prior to within-category identification. In turn, the relatively late and probably more rostrally generated N250r and N400-like responses might respectively indicate processes of access and retrieval of face-related information, which is stored in long-term memory (LTM). New methods of analysis of electrophysiological and neuroanatomical data, namely, dynamic causal modeling, single-trial and time-frequency analyses, are highly recommended to advance in the knowledge of those brain mechanisms concerning face processing.

scholarly journals Familiarity Facilitates Feature-based Face Processing

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Visconti di Oleggio Castello ◽  
Kelsey G. Wheeler ◽  
Carlo Cipolli ◽  
M. Ida Gobbini
Keyword(s):  
Face Detection ◽  
Face Processing ◽  
Search Task ◽  
Visual Search Task ◽  
Face Inversion ◽  
Face Images ◽  
Holistic Face Processing ◽  
Unfamiliar Face ◽  
Feature Based ◽  
Unfamiliar Faces

AbstractRecognition of personally familiar faces is remarkably efficient, effortless and robust. We asked if feature-based face processing facilitates detection of familiar faces by testing the effect of face inversion on a visual search task for familiar and unfamiliar faces. Because face inversion disrupts configural and holistic face processing, we hypothesized that inversion would diminish the familiarity advantage to the extent that it is mediated by such processing. Subjects detected personally familiar and stranger target faces in arrays of two, four, or six face images. Subjects showed significant facilitation of personally familiar face detection for both upright and inverted faces. The effect of familiarity on target absent trials, which involved only rejection of unfamiliar face distractors, suggests that familiarity facilitates rejection of unfamiliar distractors as well as detection of familiar targets. The preserved familiarity effect for inverted faces suggests that facilitation of face detection afforded by familiarity reflects mostly feature-based processes.

Electrophysiological evidence for women superiority on unfamiliar face processing

2017 ◽  
Vol 115 ◽  
pp. 44-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianyi Sun ◽  
Lin Li ◽  
Yuanli Xu ◽  
Li Zheng ◽  
Weidong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Face Processing ◽  
Electrophysiological Evidence ◽  
Unfamiliar Face
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