scholarly journals The status of semantic memory in medial temporal lobe amnesia varies with demands on scene construction

Cortex ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 114-122
Author(s):  
Kristin Lynch ◽  
Margaret M. Keane ◽  
Mieke Verfaellie
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Memory ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Scene Construction ◽  
The Status

scholarly journals Magnetic resonance imaging brain atrophy assessment in primary age-related tauopathy (PART)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Quintas-Neves ◽  
Merilee A. Teylan ◽  
Lilah Besser ◽  
João Soares-Fernandes ◽  
Charles N. Mock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Semantic Memory ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe Atrophy ◽  
Braak Staging ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Lobe Atrophy

AbstractAlzheimer disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized pathologically by the accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Recently, primary age-related tauopathy (PART) has been described as a new anatomopathological disorder where NFTs are the main feature in the absence of neuritic plaques. However, since PART has mainly been studied in post-mortem patient brains, not much is known about the clinical or neuroimaging characteristics of PART. Here, we studied the clinical brain imaging characteristics of PART focusing on neuroanatomical vulnerability by applying a previously validated multiregion visual atrophy scale. We analysed 26 cases with confirmed PART with paired clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquisitions. In this selected cohort we found that upon correcting for the effect of age, there is increased atrophy in the medial temporal region with increasing Braak staging (r = 0.3937, p = 0.0466). Upon controlling for Braak staging effect, predominantly two regions, anterior temporal (r = 0.3638, p = 0.0677) and medial temporal (r = 0.3836, p = 0.053), show a trend for increased atrophy with increasing age. Moreover, anterior temporal lobe atrophy was associated with decreased semantic memory/language (r = − 0.5823, p = 0.0056; and r = − 0.6371, p = 0.0019, respectively), as was medial temporal lobe atrophy (r = − 0.4445, p = 0.0435). Overall, these findings support that PART is associated with medial temporal lobe atrophy and predominantly affects semantic memory/language. These findings highlight that other factors associated with aging and beyond NFTs could be involved in PART pathophysiology.

scholarly journals Memory, scene construction, and the human hippocampus

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (15) ◽  
pp. 4767-4772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soyun Kim ◽  
Adam J. O. Dede ◽  
Ramona O. Hopkins ◽  
Larry R. Squire
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Cognition ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Spatial Processing ◽  
Boundary Extension ◽  
Hippocampal Function ◽  
Human Hippocampus ◽  
Spatial Tasks ◽  
Scene Construction

We evaluated two different perspectives about the function of the human hippocampus–one that emphasizes the importance of memory and another that emphasizes the importance of spatial processing and scene construction. We gave tests of boundary extension, scene construction, and memory to patients with lesions limited to the hippocampus or large lesions of the medial temporal lobe. The patients were intact on all of the spatial tasks and impaired on all of the memory tasks. We discuss earlier studies that associated performance on these spatial tasks to hippocampal function. Our results demonstrate the importance of medial temporal lobe structures for memory and raise doubts about the idea that these structures have a prominent role in spatial cognition.

scholarly journals Differential Medial Temporal Lobe and Parietal Cortical Contributions to Real-world Autobiographical Episodic and Autobiographical Semantic Memory

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thackery I. Brown ◽  
Jesse Rissman ◽  
Tiffany E. Chow ◽  
Melina R. Uncapher ◽  
Anthony D. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Memory ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Real World ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe

scholarly journals Medial Temporal Lobe Contributions to Episodic Future Thinking: Scene Construction or Future Projection?

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 447-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
D J Palombo ◽  
S M Hayes ◽  
K M Peterson ◽  
M M Keane ◽  
M Verfaellie
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Episodic Future Thinking ◽  
Future Thinking ◽  
Future Projection ◽  
Scene Construction

Category-specific medial temporal lobe activation and the consolidation of semantic memory: evidence from fMRI

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 484-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Kounios ◽  
Phyllis Koenig ◽  
Guila Glosser ◽  
Chris DeVita ◽  
Kari Dennis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Memory ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe

scholarly journals Patterns of Autobiographical Memory Loss in Medial-Temporal Lobe Amnesic Patients

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1490-1506 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Shayna Rosenbaum ◽  
Morris Moscovitch ◽  
Jonathan K. Foster ◽  
David M. Schnyer ◽  
Fuqiang Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Semantic Memory ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Hippocampal Damage ◽  
Severe Loss ◽  
Precise Quantification

The issue of whether the hippocampus and related structures in the medial-temporal lobe (MTL) play a temporary or permanent role in autobiographical episodic memory remains unresolved. One long-standing belief is that autobiographical memory (AM), like semantic memory, is initially dependent on the MTL but ultimately can be retained and recovered independently of it. However, evidence that hippocampal amnesia results in severe loss of episodic memory for a lifetime of personally experienced events suggests otherwise. To test the opposing views, we conducted detailed investigations of autobiographical episodic memory in people with amnesia resulting from MTL lesions of varying extent. By combining precise quantification of MTL and neocortical volumes with sensitive measures of recollection of one's personal past, we show that the severity of episodic, but not semantic, AM loss is best accounted for by the degree of hippocampal damage and less likely related to additional neocortical compromise.

scholarly journals Autobiographical memory, future imagining, and the medial temporal lobe

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (47) ◽  
pp. 13474-13479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam J. O. Dede ◽  
John T. Wixted ◽  
Ramona O. Hopkins ◽  
Larry R. Squire
Keyword(s):  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Anterograde Amnesia ◽  
Independent Analysis ◽  
The Status ◽  
Future Events ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Remote Past

In two experiments, patients with damage to the medial temporal lobe (MTL) and healthy controls produced detailed autobiographical narratives as they remembered past events (recent and remote) and imagined future events (near and distant). All recent events occurred after the onset of memory impairment. The first experiment aimed to replicate the methods of Race et al. [Race E, Keane MM, Verfaellie M (2011) J Neurosci 31(28):10262–10269]. Transcripts from that study were kindly made available for independent analysis, which largely reproduced the findings from that study. Our patients produced marginally fewer episodic details than controls. Patients from the earlier study were more impaired than our patients. Patients in both groups had difficulty in returning to their narratives after going on tangents, suggesting that anterograde memory impairment may have interfered with narrative construction. In experiment 2, the experimenter used supportive questioning to help keep participants on task and reduce the burden on anterograde memory. This procedure increased the number of details produced by all participants and rescued the performance of our patients for the distant past. Neither of the two patient groups had any special difficulty in producing spatial details. The findings suggest that constructing narratives about the remote past and the future does not depend on MTL structures, except to the extent that anterograde amnesia affects performance. The results further suggest that different findings about the status of autobiographical memory likely depend on differences in the location and extent of brain damage in different patient groups.

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