The role of the right premotor cortex and temporo-parietal junction in defensive responses to visual threats

Cortex ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 532-538
Author(s):  
Laura Sagliano ◽  
Maria Vela ◽  
Luigi Trojano ◽  
Massimiliano Conson
Keyword(s):  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Defensive Responses ◽  
The Right

scholarly journals Role of the Supplementary Motor Area and the Right Premotor Cortex in the Coordination of Bimanual Finger Movements

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9667-9674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norihiro Sadato ◽  
Yoshiharu Yonekura ◽  
Atsuo Waki ◽  
Hiroki Yamada ◽  
Yasushi Ishii
Keyword(s):  
Supplementary Motor Area ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Motor Area ◽  
Finger Movements ◽  
The Right

scholarly journals The Modulation of Reward and Habit Systems by Acupuncture in Adolescents with Internet Addiction

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yang Wang ◽  
Yun Qin ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Dezhong Yao ◽  
Bo Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Modulation Effect ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
The Right

Purpose. Acupuncture is an effective therapy for Internet addiction (IA). However, the underlying mechanisms of acupuncture in relieving compulsive Internet use remain unknown. Neuroimaging studies have demonstrated the role of the ventral striatum (VS) in the progress of IA; hence, the aim of this study was to explore the effects of acupuncture on the resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) and relevant network of VS in IA. Methods. Twenty-seven IA individuals and 30 demographically matched healthy control subjects (HCs) were recruited in this study. We acquired the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data in IA subjects before and after 40 days of acupuncture treatment. Seed-to-voxel and ROI-to-ROI analyses were applied to detect the rsFC alterations of the VS and related network in IA subjects and to investigate the modulation effect of acupuncture on the rsFC. Results. Compared with HCs, IA subjects exhibited enhanced rsFC of the right ventral rostral putamen (VRP) with the left orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), premotor cortex (PMC), cerebellum, and right ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). In the network including these five ROIs, IA also showed increased ROI-to-ROI rsFC. Using a paired t-test in IA subjects before and after 40 days of acupuncture, the increased ROI-to-ROI rsFC was decreased (normalized to HC) with acupuncture, including the rsFC of the right VRP with the left OFC, PMC, and cerebellum, and the rsFC of the left cerebellum with the left OFC, PMC, and right vmPFC. Furthermore, the change in rsFC strength between the right VRP and left cerebellum in IA individuals was found positively correlated with the Internet craving alleviation after acupuncture. Conclusions. These findings verified the modulation effect of acupuncture on functional connectivity of reward and habit systems related to the VS in IA individuals, which might partly represent the underlying mechanisms of acupuncture on IA.

P06.8 Role of the right dorsal premotor cortex in ‘physiological’ mirror movements

2006 ◽  
Vol 117 ◽  
pp. 154-155
Author(s):  
M. Cincotta ◽  
F. Giovannelli ◽  
A. Borgheresi ◽  
F. Balestrieri ◽  
A. Ragazzoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Dorsal Premotor Cortex ◽  
Mirror Movements ◽  
The Right

scholarly journals Role of the Cerebellum in Externally Paced Rhythmic Finger Movements

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Fernandez Del Olmo ◽  
Binith Cheeran ◽  
Giacomo Koch ◽  
John C. Rothwell
Keyword(s):  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Cerebellar Hemisphere ◽  
Continuation Phase ◽  
Visual Cue ◽  
Synchronization Phase ◽  
Left Cerebellar Hemisphere ◽  
The Right

Several studies have suggested that the cerebellum has an important role in timing of subsecond intervals. Previous studies using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to test this hypothesis directly have produced inconsistent results. Here we used 1-Hz repetitive TMS (rTMS) for 10 min over the right or left cerebellar hemisphere to interfere transiently with cerebellar processing to assess its effect on the performance of a finger-tapping task. Subjects tapped with their right index finger for 1 min (synchronization phase) with an auditory or visual cue at 0.5, 1, or 2 Hz; they continued for a further 1 min at the same rate with no cues (continuation phase). The blocks of trials were performed in a random order. rTMS of the cerebellum ipsilateral to the movement increased the variability of the intertap interval but only for movements at 2 Hz that were made while subjects were synchronizing with an auditory cue. There was no effect on the continuation phase of the task when the cues were no longer present or on synchronization with a visual cue. Similar results were seen after stimulation over the contralateral dorsal premotor cortex but not after rTMS over supplementary motor area. There was no effect after rTMS over the ipsilateral right cervical nerve roots or over the ipsilateral primary motor cortex. The results support the hypothesis of neural network for event-related timing in the subsecond range that involves a cerebellar-premotor network.

scholarly journals Supplementary motor area contributions to rhythm perception

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Ann Leow ◽  
Cricia Rinchon ◽  
Marina Emerick ◽  
Jessica Grahn
Keyword(s):  
Supplementary Motor Area ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Discrimination Performance ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Motor Area ◽  
Rhythm Perception ◽  
Timing Mechanisms ◽  
The Right ◽  
Temporal Sequences

Timing is everything, but our understanding of the neural mechanisms of timing remains limited, particularly for timing of sequences. Temporal sequences can be represented relative to a recurrent beat (beat-based or relative timing), or as a series of absolute durations (non-beat-based or absolute timing). Neuroimaging work suggests involvement of the basal ganglia, supplementary motor area (SMA), the premotor cortices, and the cerebellum in both beat- and non-beat-based timing. Here we examined how beat-based timing and non-beat-based sequence timing were affected by modulating excitability of the supplementary motor area, the right cerebellum, and the bilateral dorsal premotor cortices, using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Participants were subjected to a sham stimulation session, followed an active stimulation session where anodal or cathodal 2mA tDCS was applied to the SMA, right premotor cortex, left premotor cortex, or the cerebellum. During both sessions, participants discriminated changes in rhythms which differentially engage beat-based or non-beat-based timing. Rhythm discrimination performance was improved by increasing SMA excitability, and impaired by decreasing SMA excitability. This polarity-dependent effect on rhythm discrimination was absent for cerebellar or premotor cortex stimulation, suggesting a crucial role of the SMA and/or its functionally connected networks in rhythmic timing mechanisms.

Role of the right dorsal premotor cortex in “physiological” mirror EMG activity

2006 ◽  
Vol 175 (4) ◽  
pp. 633-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Giovannelli ◽  
A. Borgheresi ◽  
F. Balestrieri ◽  
A. Ragazzoni ◽  
G. Zaccara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Dorsal Premotor Cortex ◽  
The Right
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