scholarly journals On the low dimensionality of behavioral deficits and alterations of brain network connectivity after focal injury

Cortex ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 229-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Corbetta ◽  
Joshua S. Siegel ◽  
Gordon L. Shulman
Keyword(s):  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Behavioral Deficits ◽  
Brain Network Connectivity ◽  
Low Dimensionality ◽  
Focal Injury

scholarly journals Miswiring the brain: Human prenatal Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol use associated with altered fetal hippocampal brain network connectivity

2021 ◽  
pp. 101000
Author(s):  
Moriah E. Thomason ◽  
Ava C. Palopoli ◽  
Nicki N. Jariwala ◽  
Denise M. Werchan ◽  
Alan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Brain Network Connectivity ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Altered Brain Network Connectivity as a Potential Endophenotype of Schizophrenia

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Li ◽  
Teng-Teng Fan ◽  
Rong-Jiang Zhao ◽  
Ying Han ◽  
Le Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Brain Network Connectivity

scholarly journals Childhood Trauma Associated With Abnormal Resting-State Brain Network Connectivity in First-Episode Schizophrenia Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangyun Long ◽  
Jiaxin Wu ◽  
Fei Liu ◽  
Ansi Qi ◽  
Nan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Resting State Networks ◽  
Attention Network ◽  
Brain Network Connectivity ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

Abstract Childhood trauma is a central risk factor for schizophrenia. We explored the correlation between early traumatic experiences and the functional connectivity of resting-state networks. This fMRI study included 28 first-episode schizophrenia patients and 27 healthy controls. In first-episode schizophrenia patients, higher levels of childhood trauma associated with abnormal connections of resting-state networks, and these anomalies distributed among task-positive networks (i.e., ventral attention network, dorsal-ventral attention network and frontal-parietal network), and sensory networks (i.e., visual network and auditory network). These findings mentioned that childhood traumatic experiences may impact resting-state network connectivity in adulthood, mainly involving systems related to attention and execution control.

scholarly journals Reduced DNA Methylation of the Oxytocin Receptor Gene Is Associated With Anhedonia-Asociality in Women With Recent-Onset Schizophrenia and Ultra-high Risk for Psychosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1279-1290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minji Bang ◽  
Jee In Kang ◽  
Se Joo Kim ◽  
Jin Young Park ◽  
Kyung Ran Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Oxytocin Receptor ◽  
Epigenetic Alterations ◽  
Oxytocin Receptor Gene ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Brain Network Connectivity

Abstract Negative symptoms are recognized as a fundamental feature of schizophrenia throughout the disease course. Epigenetic alterations in the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) may be a key mechanism involved in social-emotional disturbances of schizophrenia. Here, we investigated OXTR methylation and its association with clinical and brain network connectivity phenotypes of negative symptoms, particularly anhedonia-asociality, in individuals with recent-onset schizophrenia (ROS) and at ultrahigh risk (UHR) for psychosis. Sixty-four ROS (39 women), 46 UHR (19 women), and 98 healthy individuals (52 women) participated in this study. OXTR methylation was quantified using the pyrosequencing method. A subset of participants (16 ROS, 23 UHR, and 33 healthy controls [HCs]) underwent a 5.5-minute resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to determine the relationship between OXTR methylation and the striatal-amygdala network functional connectivity (FC) underlying anhedonia-asociality. Both men and women with ROS and UHR showed significantly decreased OXTR methylation compared to HCs. In women with ROS and UHR, decreased OXTR methylation showed a significant correlation with increased anhedonia-asociality. FC of the striatal-amygdala network, positively associated with the severity of anhedonia-asociality, showed an inverse correlation with OXTR methylation. This study suggests that epigenetic alterations of OXTR, which can be detected before the development of full-blown psychosis, confer susceptibility to schizophrenia and play a crucial role in the manifestation of anhedonia-asociality, particularly in women.

scholarly journals The Neural Architecture of General Knowledge

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 589-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erhan Genç ◽  
Christoph Fraenz ◽  
Caroline Schlüter ◽  
Patrick Friedrich ◽  
Manuel C. Voelkle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Information Storage ◽  
General Knowledge ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Crystallized Intelligence ◽  
Brain Network Connectivity

Cognitive performance varies widely between individuals and is highly influenced by structural and functional properties of the brain. In the past, neuroscientific research was principally concerned with fluid intelligence, while neglecting its equally important counterpart crystallized intelligence. Crystallized intelligence is defined as the depth and breadth of knowledge and skills that are valued by one's culture. The accumulation of crystallized intelligence is guided by information storage capacities and is likely to be reflected in an individual's level of general knowledge. In spite of the significant role general knowledge plays for everyday life, its neural foundation largely remains unknown. In a large sample of 324 healthy individuals, we used standard magnetic resonance imaging along with functional magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging to examine different estimates of brain volume and brain network connectivity and assessed their predictive power with regard to both general knowledge and fluid intelligence. Our results demonstrate that an individual's level of general knowledge is associated with structural brain network connectivity beyond any confounding effects exerted by age or sex. Moreover, we found fluid intelligence to be best predicted by cortex volume in male subjects and functional network connectivity in female subjects. Combined, these findings potentially indicate different neural architectures for information storage and information processing. © 2019 European Association of Personality Psychology

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