scholarly journals The role of dopamine in positive and negative prediction error utilization during incidental learning – Insights from Positron Emission Tomography, Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease

Cortex ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 149-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Mathar ◽  
Leonora Wilkinson ◽  
Anna K. Holl ◽  
Jane Neumann ◽  
Lorenz Deserno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Huntington's Disease ◽  
Prediction Error ◽  
Incidental Learning ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Negative Prediction ◽  
Positron Emission

scholarly journals Steps to a neurochemistry of personality

1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 528-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Lawrence ◽  
Matthias J. Koepp ◽  
Roger N. Gunn ◽  
Vincent J. Cunningham ◽  
Paul M. Grasby
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Human Behaviour ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Positron Emission

Depue & Collins's (D&C's) work relies on extrapolation from data obtained through studies in experimental animals, and needs support from studies of the role of dopamine (DA) neurotransmission in human behaviour. Here we review evidence from two sources: (1) studies of patients with Parkinson's disease and (2) positron emission tomography (PET) studies of DA neurotransmission, which we believe lend support to Depue & Collins's theory, and which can potentially form the basis for a true neurochemistry of personality.

scholarly journals Observation of magnetic susceptibility changes within the thalamus: a comparative study between healthy and Parkinson’s disease afflicted cynomolgus monkeys using 7 T MRI

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangwoo Kim ◽  
Youngjeon Lee ◽  
Chang-Yeop Jeon ◽  
Yeung Bae Jin ◽  
Sukhoon Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Disease Model ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cynomolgus Monkeys ◽  
Positron Emission

Abstract Background Although the thalamus is known to modulate basal ganglia function related to motor control activity, the abnormal changes within the thalamus during distinct medical complications have been scarcely investigated. In order to explore the feasibility of assessing iron accumulation in the thalamus as an informative biomarker for Parkinson’s disease (PD), this study was designed to employ quantitative susceptibility mapping using a 7 T magnetic resonance imaging system in cynomolgus monkeys. A 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-injected cynomolgus monkey and a healthy control (HC) were examined by 7 T magnetic resonance imaging. Positron emission tomography with 18F-N-(3-fluoro propyl)-2ß-carboxymethoxy-3ß-(4-iodophenyl) nortropane was also employed to identify the relationship between iron deposits and dopamine depletion. All acquired values were averaged within the volume of interest of the nigrostriatal pathway. Findings Compared with the HC, the overall elevation of iron deposition within the thalamus in the Parkinson’s disease model (about 53.81% increase) was similar to that in the substantia nigra (54.81%) region. Substantial susceptibility changes were observed in the intralaminar part of the thalamus (about 70.78% increase). Additionally, we observed that in the Parkinson’s disease model, binding potential values obtained from positron emission tomography were considerably decreased in the thalamus (97.51%) and substantia nigra (92.48%). Conclusions The increased iron deposition in the thalamus showed negative correlation with dopaminergic activity in PD, supporting the idea that iron accumulation affects glutaminergic inputs and dopaminergic neurons. This investigation indicates that the remarkable susceptibility changes in the thalamus could be an initial major diagnostic biomarker for Parkinson’s disease-related motor symptoms.

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