Lack of semantic priming effects in famous person recognition in Mild Cognitive Impairment

Cortex ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona M. Brambati ◽  
Frédéric Peters ◽  
Sylvie Belleville ◽  
Sven Joubert
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Semantic Priming ◽  
Priming Effects ◽  
Person Recognition ◽  
Famous Person

The locus of semantic priming effects in person recognition

2002 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 1141-1156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan McNeill ◽  
A. Mike Burton
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Semantic Priming ◽  
Face Processing ◽  
Structural Models ◽  
Priming Effects ◽  
Common Pool ◽  
Person Recognition ◽  
Typical Experiment ◽  
Person Identity ◽  
Semantic Decision

Semantic priming in person recognition has been studied extensively. In a typical experiment, participants are asked to make a familiarity decision to target items that have been immediately preceded by related or unrelated primes. Facilitation is usually observed from related primes, and this priming is equivalent across stimulus domains (i.e., faces and names prime one another equally). Structural models of face recognition (e.g., IAC: Burton, Bruce, Johnston, 1990) accommodate these effects by proposing a level of person identity nodes (PINs) at which recognition routes converge, and which allow access to a common pool of semantics. We present three experiments that examine semantic priming for different decisions. Priming for a semantic decision (e.g., British/American?) shows exactly the same pattern that is normally observed for a familiarity decision. The pattern is equivalent for name and face recognition. However, no semantic priming is observed when participants are asked to make a sex decision. These results constrain future models of face processing and are discussed with reference to current theories of semantic priming.

scholarly journals Semantic Priming in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Healthy Subjects: Effect of Different Time of Presentation of Word-Pairs

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Guglielmi ◽  
Davide Quaranta ◽  
Ilaria Mega ◽  
Emanuele Maria Costantini ◽  
Claudia Carrarini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Semantic Priming ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Priming Effect ◽  
Semantic Knowledge ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Factorial Anova ◽  
Semantic Priming Effect ◽  
Time Of Presentation

Introduction: Semantic memory is impaired in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Two main hypotheses about this finding are debated and refer to the degradation of stored knowledge versus the impairment of semantic access mechanisms. The aim of our study is to evaluate semantic impairment in MCI versus healthy subjects (HS) by an experiment evaluating semantic priming. Methods: We enrolled 27 MCI and 20 HS. MCI group were divided, according to follow up, into converters-MCI and non converters-MCI. The semantic task consisted of 108 pairs of words, 54 of which were semantically associated. Stimuli were presented 250 or 900 ms later the appearance of the target in a randomized manner. Data were analyzed using factorial ANOVA. Results: Both HS and MCI answered more quickly for word than for non-word at both stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) intervals. At 250 ms, both MCI and HS experienced a shorter time of response for related-word than for unrelated words (priming effect), while only the converters-MCI subgroup lost the priming effect. Further, we observed a rather larger Cohen’s d effect size in non converters-MCI than in converters-MCI. Conclusion: Our data, and in particular the absence of a semantic priming effect in converters-MCI, could reflect the impairment of semantic knowledge rather than the accessibility of semantic stores in MCI individuals that progress to dementia.

Self Priming: A Short term Benefit of Repetition

1996 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 845-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Calder ◽  
Andrew W. Young
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Priming ◽  
Repetition Priming ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Priming Effects ◽  
Person Recognition ◽  
Cross Domain ◽  
Interactive Activation ◽  
Term Benefit

Burton, Bruce, and Johnston (1990) developed an interactive activation and competition (IAC) model of person recognition that gives a parsimonious account of semantic and repetition priming effects with seen faces and names. This model predicts that a familiarity decision to a person's name should be facilitated if the name is immediately preceded by the same person's face (or vice versa); Burton et al. (1990) called this effect “self priming”. In three experiments, we explored properties of self priming predicted from Burton et al.'s (1990) IAC model. When each stimulus is seen on only one trial, the Burton et al. (1990) model predicts that within-domain self priming (e.g. name prime-name target) should produce more facilitation than cross-domain self priming (e.g. face prime-name target). This prediction was investigated in Experiments 1 and 2; results were consistent with it. Two further predictions from the Burton et al. (1990) model are that the amounts of within and cross-domain self priming should not differ when subjects are primed to recognize the targets by prior encounters during the experiment, and that self priming should produce more facilitation than semantic priming. Results of Experiment 3 were again consistent with both predictions. We conclude that the Burton et al. (1990) IAC model stands the test of further rigorous examination.

Cross-Domain Semantic Priming in Normal Subjects and a Prosopagnosic Patient

1988 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew W. Young ◽  
Deborah Hellawell ◽  
Edward H. F. De Haan
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Semantic Priming ◽  
Injured Patient ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Priming Effects ◽  
Person Recognition ◽  
Brain Injured Patient ◽  
Cross Domain ◽  
Recognition Ability ◽  
Severe Impairment

Cross-domain semantic priming of person recognition (from face primes to name targets at 500msecs SOA) is investigated in normal subjects and a brain-injured patient (PH) with a very severe impairment of overt face recognition ability. Experiment 1 demonstrates equivalent semantic priming effects for normal subjects from face primes to name targets (cross-domain priming) and from name primes to name targets (within-domain priming). Experiment 2 demonstrates cross-domain semantic priming effects from face primes that PH cannot recognize overtly. Experiment 3 shows that cross-domain semantic priming effects can be found for normal subjects when target names are repeated across all conditions. This (repeated targets) method is then used in Experiment 4 to establish that PH shows equivalent semantic priming to normal subjects from face primes which he is very poor at identifying overtly and from name primes which he can identify overtly. These findings demonstrate that automatic aspects of face recognition can remain intact even when all sense of overt recognition has been lost.

scholarly journals The impact of time and repeated exposure on famous person knowledge in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease.

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 697-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Benoit ◽  
Isabelle Rouleau ◽  
Roxane Langlois ◽  
Valérie Dostie ◽  
Marie-Jeanne Kergoat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Repeated Exposure ◽  
Famous Person ◽  
The Impact

Toward Identifying Mild Cognitive Impairment in Hispanic and African American Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
Valarie B. Fleming ◽  
Joyce L. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
African American ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Healthcare Access ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Prevention Education ◽  
Education Management ◽  
African American Adults

Across the breadth of acquired neurogenic communication disorders, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may go undetected, underreported, and untreated. In addition to stigma and distrust of healthcare systems, other barriers contribute to decreased identification, healthcare access, and service utilization for Hispanic and African American adults with MCI. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) have significant roles in prevention, education, management, and support of older adults, the population must susceptible to MCI.

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