Horizontal spatial representations of time: Evidence for the STEARC effect

Cortex ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
M ISHIHARA ◽  
P KELLER ◽  
Y ROSSETTI ◽  
W PRINZ
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Representations ◽  
Stearc Effect

Enhancing Spatial Ability Through Sport Practice

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Moreau ◽  
Jérome Clerc ◽  
Annie Mansy-Dannay ◽  
Alain Guerrien
Keyword(s):  
Mental Rotation ◽  
Spatial Representations ◽  
Mental Rotation Test ◽  
Sport Training ◽  
Sport Practice ◽  
Undergraduate University Students ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cognitive Plasticity ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
The Relationship

This experiment investigated the relationship between mental rotation and sport training. Undergraduate university students (n = 62) completed the Mental Rotation Test ( Vandenberg & Kuse, 1978 ), before and after a 10-month training in two different sports, which either involved extensive mental rotation ability (wrestling group) or did not (running group). Both groups showed comparable results in the pretest, but the wrestling group outperformed the running group in the posttest. As expected from previous studies, males outperformed women in the pretest and the posttest. Besides, self-reported data gathered after both sessions indicated an increase in adaptive strategies following training in wrestling, but not subsequent to training in running. These findings demonstrate the significant effect of training in particular sports on mental rotation performance, thus showing consistency with the notion of cognitive plasticity induced from motor training involving manipulation of spatial representations. They are discussed within an embodied cognition framework.

THE PECULIARITIES OF SPATIAL REPRESENTATIONS IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN WITH GENERAL UNDERDEVELOPMENT OF SPEECH III LEVEL

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Рубен Оганесович Агавелян ◽  
Наталья Сергеевна Локтионова
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Speech Disorder ◽  
Spatial Representations ◽  
Number Of Children

В статье рассматривается особенности пространственных представлений у дошкольников с общим недоразвитием речи III уровня. Возникновение данной проблемы напрямую связано с увеличением числа детей, имеющих данное речевое нарушение. Авторами прослеживается влияние общего недоразвития речи III уровня на специфику формирования пространственных представлений у дошкольников. The article deals with the features of spatial representations in preschoolers with General underdevelopment of speech level III. The occurrence of this problem is directly related to the increase in the number of children with this speech disorder. The authors trace the influence of General underdevelopment of speech level III on the specifics of the formation of spatial representations in preschoolers.

Allocentric to Egocentric Spatial Switching: Impairment in aMCI and Alzheimer's Disease Patients?

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gennaro Ruggiero ◽  
Alessandro Iavarone ◽  
Tina Iachini
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Reference Frame ◽  
Reference Frames ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Spatial Representations ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Spatial Memory Task ◽  
Switching Condition ◽  
Normal Controls

Objective: Deficits in egocentric (subject-to-object) and allocentric (object-to-object) spatial representations, with a mainly allocentric impairment, characterize the first stages of the Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods: To identify early cognitive signs of AD conversion, some studies focused on amnestic-Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI) by reporting alterations in both reference frames, especially the allocentric ones. However, spatial environments in which we move need the cooperation of both reference frames. Such cooperating processes imply that we constantly switch from allocentric to egocentric frames and vice versa. This raises the question of whether alterations of switching abilities might also characterize an early cognitive marker of AD, potentially suitable to detect the conversion from aMCI to dementia. Here, we compared AD and aMCI patients with Normal Controls (NC) on the Ego-Allo- Switching spatial memory task. The task assessed the capacity to use switching (Ego-Allo, Allo-Ego) and non-switching (Ego-Ego, Allo-Allo) verbal judgments about relative distances between memorized stimuli. Results: The novel finding of this study is the neat impairment shown by aMCI and AD in switching from allocentric to egocentric reference frames. Interestingly, in aMCI when the first reference frame was egocentric, the allocentric deficit appeared attenuated. Conclusion: This led us to conclude that allocentric deficits are not always clinically detectable in aMCI since the impairments could be masked when the first reference frame was body-centred. Alongside, AD and aMCI also revealed allocentric deficits in the non-switching condition. These findings suggest that switching alterations would emerge from impairments in hippocampal and posteromedial areas and from concurrent dysregulations in the locus coeruleus-noradrenaline system or pre-frontal cortex.

LEARNING NAIVE PHYSICS BY VISUAL OBSERVATION: USING QUALITATIVE SPATIAL REPRESENTATIONS AND PROBABILISTIC REASONING

2001 ◽  
Vol 01 (03) ◽  
pp. 273-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAUL A. BOXER
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Network ◽  
Probabilistic Reasoning ◽  
Autonomous Robots ◽  
Visual Observation ◽  
Spatial Representations ◽  
Physical Behavior ◽  
Naive Physics ◽  
Action At A Distance ◽  
General Physical ◽  
Test Scenarios

Autonomous robots are unsuccessful at operating in complex, unconstrained environments. They lack the ability to learn about the physical behavior of different objects through the use of vision. We combine Bayesian networks and qualitative spatial representation to learn general physical behavior by visual observation. We input training scenarios that allow the system to observe and learn normal physical behavior. The position and velocity of the visible objects are represented as qualitative states. Transitions between these states over time are entered as evidence into a Bayesian network. The network provides probabilities of future transitions to produce predictions of future physical behavior. We use test scenarios to determine how well the approach discriminates between normal and abnormal physical behavior and actively predicts future behavior. We examine the ability of the system to learn three naive physical concepts, "no action at a distance", "solidity" and "movement on continuous paths". We conclude that the combination of qualitative spatial representations and Bayesian network techniques is capable of learning these three rules of naive physics.

Spatial representations of knowledge

1981 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-125
Author(s):  
Terry Noreault ◽  
John F. Dovidio
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Representations
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