scholarly journals Time to listen: circadian impact on auditory research

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 95-99
Author(s):  
Christopher Cederroth ◽  
Frédéric Gachon ◽  
Barbara Canlon
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Research

Bayesian Applications in Auditory Research

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 577-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garnett P. McMillan ◽  
John B. Cannon
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Markov Chain ◽  
Bayesian Methods ◽  
Prior Distribution ◽  
Interim Analysis ◽  
Iterative Process ◽  
Bayes Theorem ◽  
Sound Therapy ◽  
The Many ◽  
Auditory Research

Purpose This article presents a basic exploration of Bayesian inference to inform researchers unfamiliar to this type of analysis of the many advantages this readily available approach provides. Method First, we demonstrate the development of Bayes' theorem, the cornerstone of Bayesian statistics, into an iterative process of updating priors. Working with a few assumptions, including normalcy and conjugacy of prior distribution, we express how one would calculate the posterior distribution using the prior distribution and the likelihood of the parameter. Next, we move to an example in auditory research by considering the effect of sound therapy for reducing the perceived loudness of tinnitus. In this case, as well as most real-world settings, we turn to Markov chain simulations because the assumptions allowing for easy calculations no longer hold. Using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods, we can illustrate several analysis solutions given by a straightforward Bayesian approach. Conclusion Bayesian methods are widely applicable and can help scientists overcome analysis problems, including how to include existing information, run interim analysis, achieve consensus through measurement, and, most importantly, interpret results correctly. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.7822592

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measures of Blood Flow Patterns in the Human Auditory Cortex in Response to Sound

1998 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 538-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean C. Huckins ◽  
Christopher W. Turner ◽  
Karen A. Doherty ◽  
Michael M. Fonte ◽  
Nikolaus M. Szeverenyi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Speech Stimuli ◽  
Complex Stimuli ◽  
Scanning Session ◽  
Auditory Research

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) holds exciting potential as a research and clinical tool for exploring the human auditory system. This noninvasive technique allows the measurement of discrete changes in cerebral cortical blood flow in response to sensory stimuli, allowing determination of precise neuroanatomical locations of the underlying brain parenchymal activity. Application of fMRI in auditory research, however, has been limited. One problem is that fMRI utilizing echo-planar imaging technology (EPI) generates intense noise that could potentially affect the results of auditory experiments. Also, issues relating to the reliability of fMRI for listeners with normal hearing need to be resolved before this technique can be used to study listeners with hearing loss. This preliminary study examines the feasibility of using fMRI in auditory research by performing a simple set of experiments to test the reliability of scanning parameters that use a high resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio unlike that presently reported in the literature. We used consonant-vowel (CV) speech stimuli to investigate whether or not we could observe reproducible and consistent changes in cortical blood flow in listeners during a single scanning session, across more than one scanning session, and in more than one listener. In addition, we wanted to determine if there were differences between CV speech and nonspeech complex stimuli across listeners. Our study shows reproducibility within and across listeners for CV speech stimuli. Results were reproducible for CV speech stimuli within fMRI scanning sessions for 5 out of 9 listeners and were reproducible for 6 out of 8 listeners across fMRI scanning sessions. Results of nonspeech complex stimuli across listeners showed activity in 4 out of 9 individuals tested.

Bovine Temporal Bones as a Source of Inner Ear Antigen

1992 ◽  
Vol 101 (8) ◽  
pp. 688-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose SanMartin ◽  
Steven D. Rauch ◽  
Richard A. Moscicki
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Human Tissue ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Temporal Bones ◽  
Auditory Research

Modern immunologic techniques of immunostaining, immunoblotting, and creation of monoclonal antibodies are gaining wide application in studies of development, function, and pathology of the ear. These techniques require a source of inner ear tissue for production of antigen extract. Human tissue is not readily available, and other mammalian species common in auditory research are small in size. Bovine temporal bones are readily available, and the membranous portions of the inner ear are abundant and easily accessible. Herein we report our technique for acquisition and dissection of bovine temporal bones and preparation and preservation of inner ear antigen.

Early Detection of Ototoxicity Using 1/6th-Octave Steps

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (08) ◽  
pp. 444-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen A. Fausti ◽  
Wendy J. Helt ◽  
David S. Phillips ◽  
Jane S. Gordon ◽  
Gene W. Bratt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Hearing Results ◽  
Testing Protocol ◽  
Initial Work ◽  
Auditory Research

The National Center for Rehabilitative Auditory Research has developed a protocol to provide early identification of ototoxicity for patients receiving ototoxic medications. The initial work involved patients with relatively good high-frequency hearing and resulted in the use of an individualized, sensitive frequency range separated by 1/16th-octave intervals. This protocol tested puretone frequencies at 1/6th-octave steps above 9 kHz, but only conventional audiometric frequencies were tested below 9 kHz. More recently, the testing protocol was expanded to include 1/6th-octave testing below 9 kHz. The primary question of interest was to determine whether adding 1/16th-octave test frequencies below 9 kHz would increase the ototoxicity detection rate for patients with poorer hearing. Results indicated 76 of the 210 (36.2%) ears that demonstrated initial ototoxic hearing change would have been missed or detected later if only conventional frequency testing was conducted. Therefore, for individuals with poorer hearing, expanding the use of the 1/16th-octave test protocol provides earlier identification of ototoxicity.

THE NEXT STEP IN AUDITORY RESEARCH

1940 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 780
Author(s):  
Lindsary Kobrak ◽  
Perlman Kobrak
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Research

Understanding Bilingualism and Its Impact on Speech Audiometry

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 202-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah von Hapsburg ◽  
Elizabeth D. Peña
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Speech Audiometry ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
Bilingual Speakers ◽  
Research Outcomes ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Auditory Research

This tutorial provides a review of auditory research conducted with monolingual and bilingual speakers of Spanish and English. Based on a functional view of bilingualism and on auditory research findings showing that the bilingual experience may affect the outcome of auditory research, we discuss methods for improving descriptions of linguistically diverse research participants. The review delves into how the bilingual experience can affect auditory research outcomes and discusses ways in which experimental design can be adjusted when bilingual or monolingual participants are used for research needs. The goal of the tutorial is to increase awareness about the complexities of using bilinguals in auditory research, thereby improving the quality of auditory research involving bilingual research participants.

MEG Auditory Research

2014 ◽  
pp. 679-711
Author(s):  
Alexander Gutschalk
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Research

Low‐noise chambers for auditory research

1975 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 392-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
István L. Vér ◽  
Robert M. Brown ◽  
Nelson Y. S. Kiang
Keyword(s):  
Low Noise ◽  
Auditory Research
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document