Mechanisms of asphalt mixture rutting in the dry Hamburg Wheel Tracking test and the potential to be alternative test in measuring rutting resistance

2017 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preeda Chaturabong ◽  
Hussain U. Bahia
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Rutting Resistance ◽  
Wheel Tracking Test ◽  
Alternative Test ◽  
Wheel Tracking ◽  
Hamburg Wheel Tracking

scholarly journals Establishing Indicators and an Analytic Method for Moisture Susceptibility and Rutting Resistance Evaluation Using a Hamburg Wheel Tracking Test

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3269
Author(s):  
Wei-Han Wang ◽  
Chien-Wei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Inflection Point ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Analytic Method ◽  
Moisture Susceptibility ◽  
Rutting Resistance ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Wheel Tracking Test ◽  
Wheel Tracking ◽  
Hamburg Wheel Tracking

The Hamburg wheel tracking test (HWTT) is widely used to evaluate the performance of asphalt mixtures. According to HWTT specifications, the stripping inflection point (SIP) and the rut depth at a certain number of load cycles are two common indicators for evaluating the moisture susceptibility and rutting resistance of asphalt mixtures, respectively. Although these indicators have been used extensively by several transportation institutions, the reliability and stability in evaluating asphalt mixture behaviors of these indicators have been questioned. To more effectively evaluate the performance of asphalt mixture in the HWTT, this study introduces a novel method of analysis for the HWTT and novel indicators of rutting resistance and moisture susceptibility. The proposed method and indicators were employed to analyze the HWTT results of 14 field core specimens, and the proposed indicators were compared with conventional HWTT indicators to assess their capability of distinction between asphalt mixtures with different performance behaviors in the HWTT. The results indicate that the conventional HWTT indicators cannot effectively evaluate the asphalt mixtures with different performance in the HWTT. By contrast, the proposed analytic method and indicators have significant advantages to effectively evaluate and distinguish the rutting resistance and moisture susceptibility of asphalt mixtures.

Effect of a Chloride Deicing Additive on the Performance of Asphalt Mixture

2014 ◽  
Vol 1049-1050 ◽  
pp. 422-425
Author(s):  
Chao Peng ◽  
Jian Ying Yu ◽  
Jing Dai ◽  
Zhi Jie Zhao ◽  
Jing Yi Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Rutting Resistance ◽  
Weight Concentration ◽  
Splitting Test ◽  
Wheel Tracking Test ◽  
Beam Bending ◽  
Wheel Tracking ◽  
Test Result

Effect of a chloride deicing additive (Cl-DIA) on the performance of asphalt mixture was investigated by evaluating the moisture, cracking and rutting resistance. Freeze-thaw splitting test result showed that asphalt mixture containing Cl-DIA weakened moisture resistance to some extent but it was still applicable for asphalt pavement. Wheel-tracking test indicated that Cl-DIA evidently improved the rutting resistance of the asphalt mixture and the weight concentration of Cl-DIA in asphalt mixture had to exceed 3%. Beam bending test implied that Cl-DIA did not help for the cracking of the asphalt mixture.

Hamburg Wheel Tracking Test for Porous Asphalt Concrete

2012 ◽  
Vol 178-181 ◽  
pp. 1338-1343
Author(s):  
Wei Jiang ◽  
Jing Jing Xiao
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Water Stability ◽  
High Temperature Stability ◽  
Porous Asphalt ◽  
Wheel Tracking Test ◽  
Wheel Tracking ◽  
Hamburg Wheel Tracking

According to the porous asphalt concrete’s big void structure as well as high temperature and rainy application environment, the author point out that using the conventional evaluation index such as high temperature stability and water stability to evaluate the PAC’s performance seem single, and then put up with estimating the PAC’s pavement performance by means of Hamburg Wheel Tracking under the water-high temperature’s comprehensive action. Studied on the PAC with the same raw materials and different gradations, and compared with the experimental results of AC-13 modified asphalt mixture and SMA-13, the results shows that, Hamburg Wheel Tracking test not only considered the water-high temperature’s comprehensive action on mixture, but also considered the mixture’s performance decay under long-term loading. Hamburg Wheel Tracking test can evaluate the PAC’s performance more practically, the PAC which materials and graduations reasonably designed have good performance, and its Hamburg Wheel Tracking final deformation is only 3.89mm, it can satisfy the demand from the high temperature and rainy environment. As well, the test results also comes to the conclusions that under the same materials and the same air voids, the PAC with coarse framework structure own better water stability and water-high temperature stability.

Influence of gradation on asphalt mix rutting resistance measured by Hamburg Wheel Tracking test

2020 ◽  
Vol 238 ◽  
pp. 117674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Lv ◽  
Weidong Huang ◽  
Mao Zheng ◽  
Husam Sadek ◽  
Yuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rutting Resistance ◽  
Asphalt Mix ◽  
Wheel Tracking Test ◽  
Wheel Tracking ◽  
Hamburg Wheel Tracking

Fine Aggregate Angularity Effects on Rutting Resistance of Asphalt Mixture

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Izzul Ramli ◽  
Haryati Yaacob ◽  
Norhidayah Abdul Hassan ◽  
Che Ros Ismail ◽  
Mohd Rosli Hainin
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
Rutting Resistance ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Crushed Granite ◽  
Wheel Tracking Test ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Wheel Tracking

Fine Aggregate Angularity (FAA) has been identified as one of the important aggregate properties contributing to the stability of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) and its resistance against permanent deformation. The performance of dense graded asphalt mixture is significantly influenced by the shape, angularity and surface texture of fine aggregates. This study determines the FAA for different types of aggregates namely granite and natural sand and evaluates the rutting resistance of AC 10 mixture added with the aforementioned aggregates. Marshall test and wheel tracking test were carried out in order to assess stability and rutting resistance. It was found from FAA test, crushed granite has higher percentage of FAA (46%) compared to natural sand (37%). With higher FAA value, crushed granite mix was found to have better stability, stiffness, and flow compared to specimen with natural sand. From wheel tracking test, it was observed that the rut depth for specimen with crushed granite is lower compared to specimen with natural sand. Therefore it can be concluded that fine aggregates with more angular shape, provides better stability and increase the rutting resistance.

Asphalt Mixture Quality Acceptance using the Hamburg Wheel-Tracking Test

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (8) ◽  
pp. 338-349
Author(s):  
Dario Batioja-Alvarez ◽  
Jusang Lee ◽  
Reyhaneh Rahbar-Rastegar ◽  
John E. Haddock
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Maximum Aggregate Size ◽  
Air Voids ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Performance Grade ◽  
Inflection Points ◽  
Wheel Tracking Test ◽  
Wheel Tracking ◽  
Hamburg Wheel Tracking

This paper investigates the applicability of the Hamburg wheel-tracking test (HWTT) for asphalt mixture quality acceptance using laboratory-compacted specimens and field-compacted specimens. Density distribution functions for rut depths, stripping inflection points, and rutting resistance index (RRI) values used in the HWTT were obtained for mixtures with different nominal maximum aggregate size (NMAS) values and binder performance grades. Clear distinctions among the rut depth distributions for the high-temperature performance grade mixtures were observed in the laboratory-compacted specimens. The RRI values for both the laboratory and field-compacted specimens increased with an increase in the binder performance grade. In addition, the RRI values showed clear differences for different binder grades among the mixtures with the same NMAS. The range of the RRI distributions for the laboratory-compacted specimens was narrower than that of the field-compacted specimens. The stripping inflection points of the field-compacted specimens increased as the binder grade was increased, indicating better moisture damage resistance for stiffer mixtures. HWTT results were significantly influenced by the air voids content of specimens. The relationship between air voids content and RRI can be used for understanding the critical effect of in-place density in pavement performance. The laboratory-compacted and field-compacted specimens offer advantages and disadvantages. The laboratory-compacted specimens were much easier to fabricate to standard dimensions, and the field-compacted specimens present inherent variability in relation to air voids content, diameter, and thickness.

Determining the Relationship Among Hamburg Wheel-Tracking Test Parameters and Correlation to Field Performance of Asphalt Pavements

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Yin ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Randy West ◽  
Amy Epps Martin ◽  
Edith Arambula-Mercado
Keyword(s):  
Field Performance ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Moisture Susceptibility ◽  
Rutting Resistance ◽  
Test Parameters ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Wheel Tracking Test ◽  
Wheel Tracking ◽  
Hamburg Wheel Tracking

The Hamburg wheel-tracking test (HWTT) is commonly used to evaluate the rutting resistance and moisture susceptibility of asphalt mixtures. Over the years, different test parameters have been proposed, including the traditional ones specified in AASHTO T 324 and several alternatives developed by asphalt researchers. This study was undertaken to refine the HWTT method toward enhancing its implementation as part of balanced mix design specifications for asphalt mixtures. A HWTT database was developed including test results of over 70 mixtures with a wide range of mixture components and production parameters. Data analyses were conducted to examine the relationships among various HWTT parameters, determine their correlations to field performance data, and estimate the within-laboratory repeatability of the test results. Two alternative rutting parameters, rutting resistance index ( RRI) and corrected rut depth ( CRD), were found to be advantageous over the traditional parameters of total rut depth ( TRD) and creep slope ( CS). RRI allows for direct comparison of results with different termination points, and CRD isolates the rut depth resulting from permanent deformation from that caused by stripping. Among all the rutting parameters, RRI had the best correlation to field rut depth, followed by CS, CRD, and TRD. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was conducted to determine the correspondence between HWTT results and pavement field performance related to moisture susceptibility. The analysis identified 9,000 passes as the best criterion for stripping inflection point and 2,000 passes for the alternative moisture susceptibility parameter, stripping number. Finally, the within-laboratory repeatability of HWTT rut depth measurements was determined.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Rutting Performance of the Field Specimen Using the Hamburg Wheel-Tracking Test and Dynamic Modulus Test

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiongwei Dai ◽  
Yanshun Jia ◽  
Shaoquan Wang ◽  
Ying Gao
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Dynamic Modulus ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Weather Condition ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Specimen Height ◽  
Dynamic Modulus Test ◽  
Wheel Tracking Test ◽  
Wheel Tracking ◽  
Hamburg Wheel Tracking

Rutting is a major distress occurring in the service life of the asphalt pavement, especially in hot weather areas. A laboratory-produced specimen is widely used for rutting performance evaluation which may not be completely represented by the field situation. The objective of this study is to evaluate the rutting performance of field specimens from the Chongqing highway by utilizing the Hamburg wheel-tracking test (HWTT) and dynamic modulus test. Different test conditions were conducted on the HWTT by investigation of the actual local weather condition. The results showed that rutting depth was different under different test conditions, and 10000 loading cycles were recommended as the maximum loading cycles. Particularly, several factors that influence the rutting depth were investigated, and the specimen height of 6 cm is more appropriate for the HWTT. Additionally, different test conditions were proposed as the HWTT test condition for different asphalt concrete (AC) layers in the Chongqing area. Rutting contribution of each AC layer to the pavement structure was analyzed. Moreover, the dynamic modulus at 54.4°C, 5 Hz and 54.4°C, 1 Hz could effectively represent the rutting performance of the asphalt mixture, and the dynamic modulus test is recommended for the rutting performance evaluation of the full-thickness AC layer.

More Practical Wheel Tracking Test for Rutting Resistance of Asphalt Mixtures

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (12) ◽  
pp. 508-518
Author(s):  
Zachary Lemke ◽  
Hussain U. Bahia
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Rutting Resistance ◽  
Air Voids ◽  
Acceptance Criterion ◽  
Warm Mix Additives ◽  
Two Temperatures ◽  
Wheel Tracking Test ◽  
Volumetric Property ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Wheel Tracking

Wheel tracking tests have seen a vast increase in usage among various state department of transportations for measuring rutting resistance of mixtures that already meet volumetric property requirements. With the increase in using recycled materials and warm mix additives, it is clear that using volumetric properties alone to approve asphalt mixture designs is a risky approach. Wheel tracking tests are among the most widely used methods for evaluating rutting resistance, and the AASHTO T324 (Hamburg Wheel-Tracking [HWT]) is the most widely accepted and followed procedure used today in the U.S. However, there are challenges using the HWT, among which the most difficult are the poor repeatability, time required to complete the test, and the sample preparation details. This study reports on an alternative wheel tracking method called the Rotary Asphalt Wheel Tester (RWT) that can successfully address the challenges currently faced with using the HWT. The method requires no cutting of the gyratory samples, significantly reduces time to complete a sample, and appears to offer acceptable repeatability of the results. The method has existed for more than 15 years, available commercially, but used only in a few labs, and one acceptance criterion is already developed by one agency. The study includes evaluating an expanded set of mixtures tested at two temperatures, and two air voids. The results of the RWT are compared with the results of the HWT for numerous mixtures and they show that similar qualitative ranking can be achieved.

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