Revisiting and refining roles of neural guidance cues in circuit assembly

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 10-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joelle M Dorskind ◽  
Alex L Kolodkin
Keyword(s):  
Guidance Cues ◽  
Circuit Assembly

scholarly journals Glycosylation in Axonal Guidance

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5143
Author(s):  
Sampada P. Mutalik ◽  
Stephanie L. Gupton
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Development ◽  
Axonal Guidance ◽  
Axonal Outgrowth ◽  
Axonal Pathfinding ◽  
Guidance Cues ◽  
Functional Implications ◽  
Protein Functions ◽  
Guidance Receptors ◽  
Surface Localization

How millions of axons navigate accurately toward synaptic targets during development is a long-standing question. Over decades, multiple studies have enriched our understanding of axonal pathfinding with discoveries of guidance molecules and morphogens, their receptors, and downstream signalling mechanisms. Interestingly, classification of attractive and repulsive cues can be fluid, as single guidance cues can act as both. Similarly, guidance cues can be secreted, chemotactic cues or anchored, adhesive cues. How a limited set of guidance cues generate the diversity of axonal guidance responses is not completely understood. Differential expression and surface localization of receptors, as well as crosstalk and spatiotemporal patterning of guidance cues, are extensively studied mechanisms that diversify axon guidance pathways. Posttranslational modification is a common, yet understudied mechanism of diversifying protein functions. Many proteins in axonal guidance pathways are glycoproteins and how glycosylation modulates their function to regulate axonal motility and guidance is an emerging field. In this review, we discuss major classes of glycosylation and their functions in axonal pathfinding. The glycosylation of guidance cues and guidance receptors and their functional implications in axonal outgrowth and pathfinding are discussed. New insights into current challenges and future perspectives of glycosylation pathways in neuronal development are discussed.

FGF3 from the Hypothalamus Regulates the Guidance of Thalamocortical Axons

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 208-216
Author(s):  
Kuan Liu ◽  
Zhongsheng Lv ◽  
Hong Huang ◽  
Shuyang Yu ◽  
Li Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Information ◽  
Axonal Pathfinding ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Dependent Effect ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Guidance Cues ◽  
Thalamocortical Axons ◽  
Ventral Diencephalon

Thalamus is an important sensory relay station: afferent sensory information, except olfactory signals, is transmitted by thalamocortical axons (TCAs) to the cerebral cortex. The pathway choice of TCAs depends on diverse diffusible or substrate-bound guidance cues in the environment. Not only classical guidance cues (ephrins, slits, semaphorins, and netrins), morphogens, which exerts patterning effects during early embryonic development, can also help axons navigate to their targets at later development stages. Here, expression analyses reveal that morphogen Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-3 is expressed in the chick ventral diencephalon, hypothalamus, during the pathfinding of TCAs. Then, using in vitro analyses in chick explants, we identify a concentration-dependent effect of FGF3 on thalamic axons: attractant 100 ng/mL FGF3 transforms to a repellent at high concentration 500 ng/mL. Moreover, inhibition of FGF3 guidance functions indicates that FGF3 signaling is necessary for the correct navigation of thalamic axons. Together, these studies demonstrate a direct effect for the member of FGF7 subfamily, FGF3, in the axonal pathfinding of TCAs.

scholarly journals GMFβ prunes actin branches

2015 ◽  
Vol 209 (6) ◽  
pp. 776-776
Author(s):  
Ben Short
Keyword(s):  
Actin Networks ◽  
Guidance Cues

Study reveals that turnover of lamellipodial actin networks helps fibroblasts follow adhesive guidance cues.

scholarly journals Simultaneous binding of Guidance Cues NET1 and RGM blocks extracellular NEO1 signaling

Cell ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 184 (8) ◽  
pp. 2103-2120.e31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross A. Robinson ◽  
Samuel C. Griffiths ◽  
Lieke L. van de Haar ◽  
Tomas Malinauskas ◽  
Eljo Y. van Battum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guidance Cues

Membrane-associated guidance cues direct the innervation of forebrain and midbrain by dorsal raphe-derived serotonergic axons

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 552-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey Petit ◽  
Timothy E. Kennedy ◽  
Dominique Bagnard ◽  
Guy Doucet
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Raphe ◽  
Guidance Cues ◽  
Dorsal Raphé

scholarly journals Axon Response to Guidance Cues Is Stimulated by Acetylcholine in Caenorhabditis elegans

Genetics ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 189 (3) ◽  
pp. 899-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Xu ◽  
Xing-Cong Ren ◽  
Christopher C. Quinn ◽  
William G. Wadsworth
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Guidance Cues
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