On the optimal choice of fibre orientation angle in off-axis tensile test using oblique end-tabs: Theoretical and experimental studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 11-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Marín ◽  
J. Justo ◽  
A. Barroso ◽  
J. Cañas ◽  
F. París
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Test ◽  
Fibre Orientation ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Orientation Angle ◽  
Optimal Choice ◽  
Fibre Orientation Angle

scholarly journals Fibre Distribution Characterization of Ultra-High Performance Fibre-Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC) Plates Using Magnetic Probes

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 5064
Author(s):  
Lufan Li ◽  
Jun Xia ◽  
Chee Chin ◽  
Steve Jones
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Volume Content ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Fibre Orientation ◽  
Orientation Angle ◽  
Fibre Volume ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Fibre Distribution ◽  
Fibre Orientation Angle ◽  
High Performance Fibre

Ultra-high performance fibre reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) is an innovative cement-based engineering material. The mechanical properties of UHPFRC not only depend on the properties of the concrete matrix and fibres, but also depend on the interaction between these two components. The fibre distribution is affected by many factors and previous researchers had developed different approaches to test the fibre distribution. This research adopted the non-destructive C-shape ferromagnetic probe inductive test and investigated the straight steel fibre distribution of the UHPFRC plate. A simplified characterization equation is introduced with an attenuation factor to consider the different plate thicknesses. The effective testing depth of this probe was tested to be 24 mm. By applying this method, fibre volume content and the fibre orientation angle can be calibrated for the entire plate. The fibre volume content generally fulfilled the design requirement. The fibre orientation angle followed a normal distribution, with a mean value of 45.60°. By testing small flexural specimens cut from the plates, it was found out that the mechanical performance (peak flexural strength) correlates with the product of fibre volume content and cosine fibre orientation angle.

Optimization of process parameters on machining force and MRR during end milling of GFRP composites using GRA

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-413
Author(s):  
Jenarthanan MP ◽  
Prasanna Kumar Reddy Gavireddy ◽  
Chetan Sai Gummadi ◽  
Surya Ramesh Mandapaka
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Fibre Orientation ◽  
Orientation Angle ◽  
Helix Angle ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Gfrp Composites ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Optimization Of Process Parameters ◽  
Machining Force ◽  
Fibre Orientation Angle

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the effect and parametric optimization of process parameters during milling of glass fibre-reinforced plastics (GFRP) composites using grey relational analysis (GRA). Design/methodology/approach Experiments are conducted using helix angle, spindle speed, feed rate, depth of cut and fibre orientation angle as typical process parameters. GRA is adopted to obtain grey relational grade for the milling process with multiple characteristics, namely, machining force and material removal rate (MRR). Analysis of variance is performed to get the contribution of each parameter on the performance characteristics. Findings It is observed that helix angle and fibre orientation angle are the most significant process parameters that affect the milling of GFRP composites. The experimental results reveal that the helix angle of 45°, spindle speed of 3000 rpm, feed rate of 1000 mm/min, depth of cut of 2 mm and fibre orientation angle of 15° is the optimum combination of lower machining force and higher MRR. The experimental results for the optimal setting show that there is considerable improvement in the process. Originality/value Optimization of process parameters on machining force and MRR during endmilling of GFRP composites using GRA has not been attempted previously.

Multi-objective optimisation of CNC milling process using Grey-Taguchi method in machining of GFRP composites

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Naresh ◽  
M.P. Jenarthanan ◽  
R. Hari Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Fibre Orientation ◽  
Orientation Angle ◽  
Helix Angle ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Gfrp Composites ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Delamination Factor ◽  
Grey Relational ◽  
Fibre Orientation Angle

Purpose – In milling process the surface roughness and delamination are the most important performance characteristics, which are influenced by many factors like fibre orientation angle, helix angle, feed rate and spindle speed. The selection of these parameters at optimum level plays a vital role in getting minimum surface roughness and delamination factor. The purpose of this paper is to present multi-objective optimisation of Computer Numerical Control milling parameters using Grey-Taguchi method to get minimum surface roughness and delamination factor in machining of glass fibre reinforced plastics (GFRP) composites used in automotive, aircraft and manufacture of space ships. Design/methodology/approach – The experiments are designed and conducted based on Taguchi's L27 orthogonal array by taking fibre orientation angle, helix angle, feed rate and spindle speed at three levels and responses are surface roughness and delamination factor. Taguchi's signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio are determined based on their performance characteristics. A Grey relation grade is obtained by using S/N ratio. Based on Grey relational grade value, optimum levels of parameters have been identified by using response table and response graph. Findings – Optimum levels of parameters for GFRP composites have been identified by using response table and response graph and the significant contributions of controlling parameters are estimated using analysis of variance. Originality/value – The combined effect of fibre orientation angle and helix angle during milling of GFRP composites using Grey relational analysis has not been previously attempted for analysis.

Multi-response optimization for machining GFRP composites using GRA and DFA

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 482-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naresh Neeli ◽  
M.P. Jenarthanan ◽  
G. Dileep Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Fibre Orientation ◽  
Orientation Angle ◽  
Helix Angle ◽  
Spindle Speed ◽  
Gfrp Composites ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fibre Orientation Angle

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to optimise the process parameters, namely, fibre orientation angle, helix angle, spindle speed, and feed rate in milling of glass fibre-reinforced plastic (GFRP) composites using grey relational analysis (GRA) and desirability function analysis (DFA). Design/methodology/approach In this work, experiments were carried out as per the Taguchi experimental design and an L27 orthogonal array was used to study the influence of various combinations of process parameters on surface roughness and delamination factor. As a dynamic approach, the multiple response optimisation was carried out using GRA and DFA for simultaneous evaluation. These two methods are best suited for multiple criteria evaluation and are also not much complicated. Findings The process parameters were found optimum at a fibre orientation angle of 15°, helix angle of 25°, spindle speed of 6,000 rpm, and a feed rate of 0.04 mm/rev. Analysis of variance was employed to classify the significant parameters affecting the responses. The results indicate that the fibre orientation angle is the most significant parameter preceded by helix angle, feed rate, and spindle speed for GFRP composites. Originality/value An attempt to optimise surface roughness and delamination factor together by combined approach of GRA and DFA has not been previously done.

scholarly journals Simulation of Flexible Fibre Particle Interaction with a Single Cylinder

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Naser Hamedi ◽  
Lars-Göran Westerberg
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Shear Flow ◽  
Fibre Orientation ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Particle Interaction ◽  
Orientation Angle ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Single Cylinder ◽  
Flow Past ◽  
Fibre Suspension

In the present study, the flow of a fibre suspension in a channel containing a cylinder was numerically studied for a very low Reynolds number. Further, the model was validated against previous studies by observing the flexible fibres in the shear flow. The model was employed to simulate the rigid, semi-flexible, and fully flexible fibre particle in the flow past a single cylinder. Two different fibre lengths with various flexibilities were applied in the simulations, while the initial orientation angle to the flow direction was changed between 45° ≤ θ ≤ 75°. It was shown that the influence of the fibre orientation was more significant for the larger orientation angle. The results highlighted the influence of several factors affecting the fibre particle in the flow past the cylinder.

Study Regarding the Influence of the Printing Orientation Angle on the Mechanical Behavior of Parts Manufactured by Material Jetting

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-209
Author(s):  
Vasile Cojocaru ◽  
Doina Frunzaverde ◽  
Dorian Nedelcu ◽  
Calin-Octavian Miclosina ◽  
Gabriela Marginean
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Orientation Angle ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Anisotropic Behavior ◽  
Optimization Of Process Parameters ◽  
Printed Materials

Initially developed as a rapid prototyping tool for project visualization and validation, the recent development of additive manufacturing (AM) technologies has led to the transition from rapid prototyping to rapid manufacturing. As a consequence, increased attention has to be paid to the mechanical, chemical and physical properties of the printed materials. In mechanical engineering, the widespread use of AM technologies requires the optimization of process parameters and material properties in order to obtain components with high, repeatable and time-stable mechanical properties. One of the main problems in this regard is the anisotropic behavior of components made by additive manufacturing, determined by the type of material, the 3D printing technology, the process parameters and the position of the components in the printing space. In this paper the influence of the printing orientation angle on the tensile behavior of specimens made by material jetting is investigated. The aim was to determine if the positioning of components at different angles relative to the X-axis of the printer (and implicitly in relation to the multijet printing head) contributes to anisotropic behavior. The material used was a photopolymer with a mechanical strength between 40 MPa and 55 MPa, according to the producer. Four sets of tensile test specimens were manufactured, using flat build orientation and positioned on the printing table at angles of 0˚, 30˚, 60˚ and 90˚ to the X-axis of the printer. Comparative analysis of the mechanical behavior was carried out by tensile tests and microscopic investigations of the tensile test specimens fracture surfaces.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE THRESHOLD OF VEHICLE INSTABILITY IN FLOODWATERS

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Muzzamil Hussain Shah ◽  
Zahiraniza Mustaffa ◽  
Khamaruzaman Wan Yusof
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Orientation Angle ◽  
High Water ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
The Other ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Flood Risks ◽  
Die Cast ◽  
Cast Model ◽  
Water Depths

Flood risks concerned to vehicle’s instability have become more conspicuous and it is thus necessary to understand the behaviour of vehicles exposed to floodwaters. Therefore, this paper aims at investigating the thresholds of vehicle instability in floodwaters at different orientations. A stationary die-cast model vehicle (1:24) was used with the condition of rear tires being locked only, positioned at different orientation angles on a flat road surface in the partially submerged zone. Measurements were taken including the approaching velocities and water depths, through which the instability was computed. The study concludes that a partially submerged vehicle becomes instable at high water depths and low flow velocities and vice versa. Further, the vehicle was observed to be most stable when positioned at orientation angle of 0°/360°, with the limiting depth × velocity (D*V) value of 0.0168 m2/s. On the other hand, it was noted to be least stable when positioned at the orientation angle of 90° and 270°, with the limiting (D*V) value of 0.0144 m2/s. The outcomes from this study were later translated into guidelines.

scholarly journals Experimental and Finite Element Studies on Free Vibration of Skew Plates

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.V. Srinivasa ◽  
Y.J. Suresh ◽  
W.P. Prema Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Free Vibration ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Natural Frequencies ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Orientation Angle ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Skew Angle ◽  
Experimental Values

Abstract The present paper deals with the experimental studies carried out on free vibration of isotropic and laminated composite skew plates. The natural frequencies were also determined using QUAD8 finite element of MSC/NASTRAN and a comparison was made between the experimental values and the finite element solution. The effects of the skew angle and aspect ratio on the natural frequencies of isotropic skew plates were studied. The effects of the skew angle, aspect ratio, fiber orientation angle and laminate sequence (keeping the number of layers constant) on the natural frequencies of antisymmetric composite laminates were also studied. The experimental values of natural frequencies are in good agreement with the FE solutions. The natural frequencies are found to increase with an increase in the skew angle. The variation of natural frequencies with the aspect ratio is small and negligible both for isotropic and laminated composite skew plates.

scholarly journals Influence of fibre orientation on cutting force in up and down milling of UD-CFRP composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 111 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 881-893
Author(s):  
Norbert Geier
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Fibre Orientation ◽  
Orientation Angle ◽  
Radial Force ◽  
Fast Fourier Transformation ◽  
Force Component ◽  
Cfrp Composites ◽  
Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Full Factorial

Abstract Machining of carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites is extremely difficult, mainly due to their inhomogeneous and anisotropic properties. Predicting of cutting force during machining of CFRP is also difficult because the machinability properties of the composite are significantly orientation-dependent (fibre and machining directions). The main objective of the present study is to analyse the influence of fibre orientation on cutting force in milling of unidirectional CFRP. Up and down milling experiences were conducted based on a full factorial design. Experimental data were processed by fast Fourier transformation, regression analysis, and graphical adequate analysis. Multiple-order polynomial models were developed in order to minimise cutting force. Experimental results show that fibre orientation angle significantly influences the cutting force; furthermore, it does not have a significant effect on the passive force component, while the radial force component is more sensitive to the fibre orientation at up milling, than at down milling. An optimal condition is recommended for zig-zag milling of unidirectional CFRPs.

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