The effect of alkalization and fibre alignment on the mechanical and thermal properties of kenaf and hemp bast fibre composites: Part 1 – polyester resin matrix

2004 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 1219-1230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharifah H. Aziz ◽  
Martin P. Ansell
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Bast Fibre ◽  
Fibre Alignment ◽  
Fibre Composites

High-performance polymer composites with enhanced mechanical and thermal properties from cyanate ester/benzoxazine resin and short Kevlar/glass hybrid fibers

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 719-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdeldjalil Zegaoui ◽  
Mehdi Derradji ◽  
Abdul Qadeer Dayo ◽  
Aboubakr Medjahed ◽  
Hui-yan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Cyanate Ester ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Hybrid Fibers

The investigation and design of new polymeric materials with an astonishing combination of properties are nowadays of great importance to facilitate the manufacturing process of high-quality products intended to be utilized in different applications and technical fields. For this intent, novel high-performance blend composites composed of the cyanate ester/benzoxazine resin blend reinforced by different proportions of silane-surface modified Kevlar and glass fibers were successfully fabricated by a compression molding technique and characterized by different experimental tests. The mechanical test results revealed that the bending and impact strength properties were considerably improved when increasing the amount of the hybrid fibers. The studied materials also presented excellent thermal stabilities as compared to the unfilled blend’s properties. With respect to the properties of the reinforcing systems, these improvements seen in either the mechanical or thermal properties could be due to the good dispersion as well as excellent adhesion of the reinforcing fibers inside the resin matrix, which were further evidenced by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy results. Consequently, the improved mechanical and thermal properties promote the use of the fabricated hybrid composites in domestic and industrial applications requiring functional materials with advanced properties for aerospace and military applications.

Conditioning effect on the mechanical and thermal properties of heat-treated oil palm empty fruit bunch/high-density polyethylene composite

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-167
Author(s):  
Nur Afifah Nordin ◽  
Nor Mas Mira Abd Rahman ◽  
Aziz Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Soil Burial ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Fibre Composites ◽  
Untreated Fibre ◽  
Properties Of Composites

Oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) is one of the potential natural fibre that can be used as an alternative to synthetic fibre. EFB was heat-treated at 180°C using vacuum oven for 1 h, extrusion compounded with high-density polyethylene at 10%, 20% and 30% weight fraction. The composites were injection moulded into dumb-bell (ASTM D-638) and bar-shaped specimens (ASTM E-23). The composites were exposed to different environments which are soil burial and indoor environment for 3 months. The effects of conditioning on mechanical and thermal properties were studied relative to the dry as moulded samples as a standard. It was found that the mechanical and thermal properties of composites under soil burial conditions were reduced. Tensile modulus of 30% untreated fibre loading reduced from 1.56 GPa for dry to 1.03 GPa for soil burial conditions, respectively. The same reduction was also found in the flexural modulus. However, the value of treated fibre composites was found slightly higher compared to untreated fibre composites. The treated fibre composites showed more resistance towards the environment condition. Composites made from heat-treated EFB show improved thermal stability, expected due to better compatibility between fibres and matrices, thus lowering the moisture intake, despite the conditions of the samples. However, indoor exposure has no significant effect on the thermal and mechanical properties of composites.

Preparation, Morphology and Thermal Properties of Rubber-Modified Polyester Resins

e-Polymers ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M O Munyati ◽  
P A Lovell
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Polyester Resins ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Size And Morphology

AbstractThe preparation of polyester resin blends consisting of an unsaturated polyester resin matrix and rubbery particles comprising three radially-alternating glassy and rubbery layers is described. The morphology of the resin blends was examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) while thermal properties were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). The results show that the particles were prepared with good control of particle size and morphology. DMTA results showed no reduction in the Tg of the matrix whilst the shear modulus of modified materials was found to be lower than that of the matrix material.

Effect of Inhomogeneous Structure of Polybenzoxazine on Mechanical and Thermal Properties

2012 ◽  
Vol 562-564 ◽  
pp. 43-46
Author(s):  
Chun Ling Xin ◽  
Gang Li ◽  
Xiao Ping Yang ◽  
Ya Dong He
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Crosslinking Density ◽  
Inhomogeneous Structure ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Hard Phase ◽  
Soft Phase

Polybenzoxazine was one of the most widely employed matrix for advanced composites, due to their low viscosity, good dimensional stability, high glass transition temperature (Tg) and wide molecular design flexibility. To obtain high perfomance resin matrix, a fundamental understanding of the formation of crosslinking network structure and the relationship between structure and properties was essential. Therefore, the blends of benzoxazine precursor with different functionality were designed to achieve various network molecular architectures, and the effects of inhomogeneous structure of polybenzoxazine on mechanical and thermal properties were investigated. The bifunctional benzoxazine precursor (BA-a) based on bisphenol-A, formaldehyde and aniline, and the monofunctional benzoxazine monomer (Ph-a) based on phenol, formaldehyde and aniline were synthesized respectively. The blends of BA-a and Ph-a, in which the mole ratio was 1:0, 2:1, 1:1 and 1:2, repectively, were thermally cured through ring-opening reaction to obtain polybenzoxazines with various network structures. The fracture surface morphology of various polybenzoxazines was observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The hard phase with highly crosslinking density was dispersed in the soft phase with slightly crosslinking density, which led to the generation of inhomogeneous structure of polybenzoxazine. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) of carbon fiber reinforced polybenzoxazine showed two glass transition temperatures (Tg), which corresponded to the soft phase and hard phase, respectively.With increasing the mole ratio of Ph-a, the increase of hard phase resulted in the enahncement of flexural modulus of polybenzoxazine, whereas the tensile and flexural strength of polybenzoxazine decreased due to the reduction of the crosslinking density of soft phase. Derivative thermogravimetric (DTG) analysis exhibited three major degradation steps, which characterized the decomposition, weight-loss and charring, respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the onset degradation temperature and char yield at 850 oC increased with the increase of Ph-a mole ratio, indicating higher thermal stability and lower decomposition rate, which was attributed to the increase of hard phase with highly crosslinking density.

scholarly journals Physical, Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Sand Reinforced Polyester Resin Composite

2015 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 99-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Mahfujul Islam ◽  
Md Alamgir Kabir ◽  
Humayun Kabir ◽  
Farid Ahmed ◽  
Md Abdul Gafur
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Flexure Strength ◽  
Molding Method ◽  
Polyester Composite

Sand reinforced polyester composite have been prepared by compression molding method with a variety of range (0,15,30,45 60%) sand respect to the unsaturated polyester resin. various parameter like mechanical, Physical and thermal properties of sand reinforced, polyester resin composite have been determined by various technique like water compressive strength ,flexural strength , hardness and thermal analysis. Physical properties like density and water intake increases with the addition of sand ,compressive strength increases but flexure strength decreases with the amount of sand, on hardness test, Vickers hardness increases but on leeb rebound it decreases with amount of sand, and finally thermal conductivity decreases with the addition of sand.

scholarly journals Multifunctional Hybrid Composites with Enhanced Mechanical and Thermal Properties Based on Polybenzoxazine and Chopped Kevlar/Carbon Hybrid Fibers

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Ghouti ◽  
Abdeldjalil Zegaoui ◽  
Mehdi Derradji ◽  
Wan-an Cai ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Hybrid Fibers ◽  
Uniform Dispersion

This work studied the structural, morphological, mechanical, and thermal properties of newly designed polymeric materials using high-performance hybrid fibers to reinforce the polybenzoxazine resins. To achieve this goal, hybrid fibers consisting of chopped Kevlar and carbon fibers were subjected to a silane surface treatment, incorporated into the resin matrix in various combinations, and then isothermally cured using the compression molding technique. The mechanical performances of the prepared composites were scrutinized in terms of bending and tensile tests. By way of illustration, the composites holding 20 wt % Kevlar fibers and 20 wt % carbon fibers accomplished a bending strength and modulus of 237.35 MPa and 7.80 GPa, respectively. Additionally, the same composites recorded a tensile stress and toughness of 77 MPa and 0.27 MPa, respectively, indicating an increase of about 234% and 32.8% when compared to the pristine resin’s properties. The thermogravimetric analysis denoted an excellent thermal resistance of the reinforced hybrid composites. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy proved that the functional groups of the as-used coupling agent were effectively grafted on the external surfaces of the reinforcing systems, and further confirmed that the chemical reaction took place between the treated fibers and the polybenzoxazine matrix, although the scanning electron microscope showed a uniform dispersion and interfacial adhesion of the fibers within the resin matrix. In fact, the incorporation of treated fibers along with their good dispersion/adhesion could explain the progressive enhancement in terms of thermal and mechanical properties that were observed in the hybrid composites.

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