Trade-offs between reliability and overheads in peer-to-peer reputation tracking

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minaxi Gupta ◽  
Mostafa H. Ammar ◽  
Mustaque Ahamad
Keyword(s):  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Trade Offs

Content Delivery Services in a Grid Environment

2011 ◽  
pp. 278-295
Author(s):  
Irwin Boutboul ◽  
Dikran S. Meliksetian
Keyword(s):  
Grid Computing ◽  
Content Delivery ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Grid Environment ◽  
P2p Computing ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Delivery Services ◽  
Scalable System

n this chapter, we propose a new approach for content delivery services by meshing together the best of grid computing and peer-to-peer (P2P) computing. The goal is to design a secure, reliable, and scalable system for efficient and fast delivery of content. The system consists of a combination of nondedicated servers and peers to provide the proposed service. We describe the challenges of designing such a system and discuss possible solutions and trade-offs. We detail the necessary interlacing of grid and P2P feature to achieve the goal. We present a prototype that is built based on the proposed approach.

Personal Peer-to-Peer Collaboration Based on Shared Objects

2011 ◽  
pp. 195-224
Author(s):  
Werner Geyer ◽  
Juergen Vogel ◽  
Li-Te Cheng ◽  
Michael J. Muller
Keyword(s):  
System Architecture ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Asynchronous Collaboration ◽  
Consistency Control ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Shared Objects ◽  
Environment Simulation ◽  
Simulation Results

This chapter describes the design and system architecture of a new peer-to-peer technology for personal collaboration based on the notion of shared objects. This approach allows users to collaborate in a rich but lightweight manner by organizing different types of shared artifacts into semistructured activities with dynamic membership, hierarchical object-relationships, and synchronous and asynchronous collaboration. This approach goes beyond simple peer-to-peer file sharing. It requires data replication and sophisticated consistency control to keep data consistent in a blended synchronous and asynchronous environment. The authors present the design of a prototype system and then develop an enhanced consistency control algorithm that is tailored to the needs of this new environment. Simulation results demonstrate the performance of this approach. This chapter aims at informing researchers about both the potential and the complexity of more advanced peer-to-peer applications and shows the trade-offs in the design and implementation of these systems.

Agent-Based Model of a Blockchain Enabled Peer-to-Peer Energy Market: Application for a Neighborhood Trial in Perth, Australia

Smart Cities ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1072-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob G. Monroe ◽  
Paula Hansen ◽  
Matthew Sorell ◽  
Emily Zechman Berglund
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Market ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Energy Market ◽  
Energy Trading ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Trading Systems ◽  
Market Structures ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
The Impact

The transfer of market power in electric generation from utilities to end-users spurred by the diffusion of distributed energy resources necessitates a new system of settlement in the electricity business that can better manage generation assets at the grid-edge. A new concept in facilitating distributed generation is peer-to-peer energy trading, where households exchange excess power with neighbors at a price they set themselves. However, little is known about the effects of peer-to-peer energy trading on the sociotechnical dynamics of electric power systems. Further, given the novelty of the concept, there are knowledge gaps regarding the impact of alternative electricity market structures and individual decision strategies on neighborhood exchanges and market outcomes. This study develops an empirical agent-based modeling (ABM) framework to simulate peer-to-peer electricity trades in a decentralized residential energy market. The framework is applied for a case study in Perth, Western Australia, where a blockchain-enabled energy trading platform was trialed among 18 households, which acted as prosumers or consumers. The ABM is applied for a set of alternative electricity market structures. Results assess the impact of solar generation forecasting approaches, battery energy storage, and ratio of prosumers to consumers on the dynamics of peer-to-peer energy trading systems. Designing an efficient, equitable, and sustainable future energy system hinges on the recognition of trade-offs on and across, social, technological, economic, and environmental levels. Results demonstrate that the ABM can be applied to manage emerging uncertainties by facilitating the testing and development of management strategies.

Security and Trust in P2P Systems

2008 ◽  
pp. 1488-1503
Author(s):  
Michael Bursell
Keyword(s):  
Social Contexts ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Future Research ◽  
P2p Systems ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Technical Systems ◽  
Current Systems

This chapter examines the issue of security in peer-to-peer (P2P) systems from the standpoint of trust. It takes the view that P2P systems present particular challenges in terms of trust over other socio-technical systems, and identifies three key areas of importance: identity; social contexts; punishment and deterrence. It suggests that a better understanding of these areas and the trade-offs associated with them can help in the design, implementation, and running of P2P systems. The chapter combines a discussion of problems and issues in current systems with a review of some of the wider sociological and nonsystems literature which can aid those involved with P2P systems. It concludes with some suggestions for areas where future research may provide fruitful insights.

Security and Trust in P2P Systems

2011 ◽  
pp. 145-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Bursell
Keyword(s):  
Social Contexts ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Future Research ◽  
P2p Systems ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Technical Systems ◽  
Current Systems

This chapter examines the issue of security in peer-to-peer (P2P) systems from the standpoint of trust. It takes the view that P2P systems present particular challenges in terms of trust over other socio-technical systems, and identifies three key areas of importance: identity; social contexts; punishment and deterrence. It suggests that a better understanding of these areas and the trade-offs associated with them can help in the design, implementation, and running of P2P systems. The chapter combines a discussion of problems and issues in current systems with a review of some of the wider sociological and nonsystems literature which can aid those involved with P2P systems. It concludes with some suggestions for areas where future research may provide fruitful insights.

scholarly journals Blockchain Design for an Embedded System

Ledger ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Falcone ◽  
John Zhang ◽  
Agnes Cameron ◽  
Amira Abdel-Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Robotic System ◽  
Robotic Systems ◽  
Lattice Structures ◽  
Radio Communication ◽  
Space Applications ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Trade Offs

This paper proposes a blockchain-based mapping protocol for distributed robotic systems running on embedded hardware. This protocol was developed for a robotic system designed to locomote on lattice structures for space applications. A consensus mechanism, Proof of Validity, is introduced to allow the effort of mining blocks to correlate with the desired tasks the robotic system was designed for. These robots communicate using peer-to-peer LoRa radio. Options, trade-offs and considerations for implementing blockchain technology on an embedded system with wireless radio communication are explored and discussed.

Novel players fine-tune plant trade-offs

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 83-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selena Gimenez-Ibanez ◽  
Marta Boter ◽  
Roberto Solano
Keyword(s):  
Ubiquitin Ligase ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
26S Proteasome ◽  
Signalling Molecules ◽  
Transcriptional Reprogramming ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Jaz Proteins ◽  
Regulatory Feedback Loop ◽  
Fine Tune

Jasmonates (JAs) are essential signalling molecules that co-ordinate the plant response to biotic and abiotic challenges, as well as co-ordinating several developmental processes. Huge progress has been made over the last decade in understanding the components and mechanisms that govern JA perception and signalling. The bioactive form of the hormone, (+)-7-iso-jasmonyl-l-isoleucine (JA-Ile), is perceived by the COI1–JAZ co-receptor complex. JASMONATE ZIM DOMAIN (JAZ) proteins also act as direct repressors of transcriptional activators such as MYC2. In the emerging picture of JA-Ile perception and signalling, COI1 operates as an E3 ubiquitin ligase that upon binding of JA-Ile targets JAZ repressors for degradation by the 26S proteasome, thereby derepressing transcription factors such as MYC2, which in turn activate JA-Ile-dependent transcriptional reprogramming. It is noteworthy that MYCs and different spliced variants of the JAZ proteins are involved in a negative regulatory feedback loop, which suggests a model that rapidly turns the transcriptional JA-Ile responses on and off and thereby avoids a detrimental overactivation of the pathway. This chapter highlights the most recent advances in our understanding of JA-Ile signalling, focusing on the latest repertoire of new targets of JAZ proteins to control different sets of JA-Ile-mediated responses, novel mechanisms of negative regulation of JA-Ile signalling, and hormonal cross-talk at the molecular level that ultimately determines plant adaptability and survival.

Experten aus Erfahrung

PADUA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Haslbeck
Keyword(s):  
Soziale Unterstützung ◽  
Peer To Peer

Zusammenfassung. In der Gesundheitsversorgung von Menschen, die mit chronischen Krankheiten leben, wird soziale Unterstützung durch «peers» immer bedeutsamer, d. h. durch Personen, die aufgrund ähnlicher Krankheits- und Alltagserfahrungen in einer vergleichbaren Lebenssituation sind. Welche Potenziale, Chancen sowie Grenzen hat «peer-to-peer healthcare» im Kontext von Selbstmanagementförderung? Der Beitrag diskutiert dies anhand von Erfahrungen mit dem Stanford Kursprogramm «Gesund und aktiv leben».

Dual Goals for Speed and Accuracy on the Same Performance Task

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 118-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olive Emil Wetter ◽  
Jürgen Wegge ◽  
Klaus Jonas ◽  
Klaus-Helmut Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Memory Scanning ◽  
Performance Task ◽  
Performance Tasks ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Test Experiment ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
New Finding ◽  
Sternberg Paradigm ◽  
Speed Accuracy ◽  
Speed And Accuracy

In most work contexts, several performance goals coexist, and conflicts between them and trade-offs can occur. Our paper is the first to contrast a dual goal for speed and accuracy with a single goal for speed on the same task. The Sternberg paradigm (Experiment 1, n = 57) and the d2 test (Experiment 2, n = 19) were used as performance tasks. Speed measures and errors revealed in both experiments that dual as well as single goals increase performance by enhancing memory scanning. However, the single speed goal triggered a speed-accuracy trade-off, favoring speed over accuracy, whereas this was not the case with the dual goal. In difficult trials, dual goals slowed down scanning processes again so that errors could be prevented. This new finding is particularly relevant for security domains, where both aspects have to be managed simultaneously.

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