scholarly journals Large eddy simulation of pressure and dilution-jet effects on soot formation in a model aircraft swirl combustor

2018 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 452-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao Teng Chong ◽  
Malik Hassanaly ◽  
Heeseok Koo ◽  
Michael E. Mueller ◽  
Venkat Raman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Eddy Simulation ◽  
Soot Formation ◽  
Swirl Combustor ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Large Eddy ◽  
Model Aircraft

scholarly journals Direct Assessment of the Acoustic Scattering Matrix of a Turbulent Swirl Combustor by Combining System Identification, Large Eddy Simulation and Analytical Approaches

2018 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malte Merk ◽  
Camilo Silva ◽  
Wolfgang Polifke ◽  
Renaud Gaudron ◽  
Marco Gatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
System Identification ◽  
Large Eddy Simulation ◽  
Transfer Matrix ◽  
Acoustic Scattering ◽  
Scattering Matrix ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Swirl Combustor ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Large Eddy ◽  
Analytical Approaches

This study assesses and compares two alternative approaches to determine the acoustic scattering matrix of a premixed turbulent swirl combustor: (1) The acoustic scattering matrix coefficients are obtained directly from a compressible large eddy simulation (LES). Specifically, the incoming and outgoing characteristic waves f and g extracted from the LES are used to determine the respective transmission and reflection coefficients via System Identification (SI) techniques. (2) The flame transfer function (FTF) is identified from LES time series data of upstream velocity and heat release rate. The transfer matrix of the reactive combustor is then derived by combining the FTF with the Rankine–Hugoniot (RH) relations across a compact heat source and a transfer matrix of the cold combustor, which is deduced from a linear network model. Linear algebraic transformation of the transfer matrix consequently yields the combustor scattering matrix. In a cross-comparison study that includes comprehensive experimental data, it is shown that both approaches successfully predict the scattering matrix of the reactive turbulent swirl combustor.

scholarly journals Large eddy simulation of soot formation in a ducted fuel injection configuration

Fuel ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 313 ◽  
pp. 122735
Author(s):  
Jiun Cai Ong ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Morten Skov Jensen ◽  
Jens Honoré Walther
Keyword(s):  
Large Eddy Simulation ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Soot Formation ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Large Eddy

On the Combination of Large Eddy Simulation and Phenomenological Soot Modelling to Calculate the Smoke Index From Aero-Engines Over a Large Range of Operating Conditions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Lamouroux ◽  
Stéphane Richard ◽  
Quentin Malé ◽  
Gabriel Staffelbach ◽  
Antoine Dauptain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Eddy Simulation ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Soot Formation ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Extended Model ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Design Office ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Large Eddy ◽  
Aero Engines

Nowadays, models predicting soot emissions are, neither able to describe correctly fine effects of technological changes on sooting trends nor sufficiently validated at relevant operating conditions to match design office quantification needs. Yet, phenomenological descriptions of soot formation, containing key ingredients for soot modeling exist in the literature, such as the well-known Leung et al. model (Combust Flame 1991). This approach indeed includes contributions of nucleation, surface growth, coagulation, oxidation and thermophoretic transport of soot. When blindly applied to aeronautical combustors for different operating conditions, this model fails to hierarchize operating points compared to experimental measurements. The objective of this work is to propose an extension of the Leung model, including an identification of its constants over a wide range of condition relevant of gas turbines operation. Today, the identification process can hardly be based on laboratory flames since few detailed experimental data are available for heavy-fuels at high pressure. Thus, it is decided to directly target smoke number values measured at the engine exhaust for a variety of combustors and operating conditions from idling to take-off. A Large Eddy Simulation approach is retained for its intrinsic ability to reproduce finely unsteady behavior, mixing and intermittency. In this framework, The Leung model for soot is coupled to the TFLES model for combustion. It is shown that pressure-sensitive laws for the modelling constant of the soot surface chemistry are sufficient to reproduce engine emissions. Grid convergence is carried out to verify the robustness of the proposed approach. Several cases are then computed blindly to assess the prediction capabilities of the extended model. This study paves the way for the systematic use of a high fidelity tool solution in design office constraints for combustion chamber development.

scholarly journals Investigation of Flame Structure and Soot Formation in a Single Sector Model Combustor Using Experiments and Numerical Simulations Based on the Large Eddy Simulation/Conditional Moment Closure Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Giusti ◽  
Epaminondas Mastorakos ◽  
Christoph Hassa ◽  
Johannes Heinze ◽  
Eggert Magens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Eddy Simulation ◽  
Soot Formation ◽  
Flame Structure ◽  
Moment Closure ◽  
Conditional Moment ◽  
Lean Burn ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Conditional Moment Closure ◽  
Soot Precursors ◽  
Large Eddy

In this work, a single sector lean burn model combustor operating in pilot only mode has been investigated using both experiments and computations with the main objective of analyzing the flame structure and soot formation at conditions relevant to aero-engine applications. Numerical simulations were performed using the large eddy simulation (LES) approach and the conditional moment closure (CMC) combustion model with detailed chemistry and a two-equation model for soot. The CMC model is based on the time-resolved solution of the local flame structure and allows to directly take into account the phenomena associated to molecular mixing and turbulent transport, which are of great importance for the prediction of emissions. The rig investigated in this work, called big optical single sector rig, allows to test real scale lean burn injectors. Experiments, performed at elevated pressure and temperature, corresponding to engine conditions at part load, include planar laser-induced fluorescence of OH (OH-PLIF) and phase Doppler anemometry (PDA) and have been complemented with new laser-induced incandescence (LII) measurements for soot location. The wide range of measurements available allows a comprehensive analysis of the primary combustion region and can be exploited to further assess and validate the LES/CMC approach to capture the flame behavior at engine conditions. It is shown that the LES/CMC approach is able to predict the main characteristics of the flame with a good agreement with the experiment in terms of flame shape, spray characteristics and soot location. Finite-rate chemistry effects appear to be very important in the region close to the injection location leading to the lift-off of the flame. Low levels of soot are observed immediately downstream of the injector exit, where a high amount of vaporized fuel is still present. Further downstream, the fuel vapor disappears quite quickly and an extended region characterized by the presence of pyrolysis products and soot precursors is observed. The strong production of soot precursors together with high soot surface growth rates lead to high values of soot volume fraction in locations consistent with the experiment. Soot oxidation is also very important in the downstream region resulting in a decrease of the soot level at the combustor exit. The results show a very promising capability of the LES/CMC approach to capture the main characteristics of the flame, soot formation, and location at engine relevant conditions. More advanced soot models will be considered in future work in order to improve the quantitative prediction of the soot level.

scholarly journals Large-Eddy Simulation of Soot Formation in a Model Gas Turbine Combustor

2016 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heeseok Koo ◽  
Malik Hassanaly ◽  
Venkat Raman ◽  
Michael E. Mueller ◽  
Klaus Peter Geigle
Keyword(s):  
Large Eddy Simulation ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Soot Formation ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Flame Stabilization ◽  
Recirculation Region ◽  
Secondary Oxidation ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Large Eddy

The computational modeling of soot in aircraft engines is a formidable challenge, not only due to the multiscale interactions with the turbulent combustion process but the equally complex physical and chemical processes that drive the conversion of gas-phase fuel molecules into solid-phase particles. In particular, soot formation is highly sensitive to the gas-phase composition and temporal fluctuations in a turbulent background flow. In this work, a large-eddy simulation (LES) framework is used to study the soot formation in a model aircraft combustor with swirl-based fuel and air injection. Two different configurations are simulated: one with and one without secondary oxidation jets. Specific attention is paid to the LES numerical implementation such that the discrete solver minimizes the dissipation of kinetic energy. Simulation of the model combustor shows that the LES approach captures the two recirculation zones necessary for flame stabilization very accurately. Further, the model reasonably predicts the temperature profiles inside the combustor. The model also captures variation in soot volume fraction with global equivalence ratio. The structure of the soot field suggests that when secondary oxidation jets are present, the inner recirculation region becomes fuel lean, and soot generation is completely suppressed. Further, the soot field is highly intermittent suggesting that a very restrictive set of gas-phase conditions promotes soot generation.

Large Eddy Simulation of Soot Formation in a Model Gas Turbine Combustor

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heeseok Koo ◽  
Malik Hassanaly ◽  
Venkat Raman ◽  
Michael E. Mueller ◽  
Klaus Peter Geigle
Keyword(s):  
Large Eddy Simulation ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Soot Formation ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Flame Stabilization ◽  
Recirculation Region ◽  
Secondary Oxidation ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Large Eddy

The computational modeling of soot in aircraft engines is a formidable challenge, not only due to the multi-scale interactions with the turbulent combustion process but the equally complex physical and chemical processes that drive the conversion of gas-phase fuel molecules into solid-phase particles. In particular, soot formation is highly sensitive to the gas-phase composition and temporal fluctuations in a turbulent background flow. In this work, a large eddy simulation (LES) framework is used to study soot formation in a model aircraft combustor with swirl-based fuel and air injection. Two different configurations are simulated: one with and one without secondary oxidation jets. Specific attention is paid to the LES numerical implementation such that the discrete solver minimizes the dissipation of kinetic energy. Simulation of the model combustor shows that the LES approach captures the two recirculation zones necessary for flame stabilization very accurately. Further, the model reasonably predicts the temperature profiles inside the combustor. The model also captures variation in soot volume fraction with global equivalence ratio. The structure of the soot field suggests that when secondary oxidation jets are present, the inner recirculation region becomes fuel lean and soot generation is completely suppressed. Further, the soot field is highly intermittent suggesting that a very restrictive set of gas phase conditions promote soot generation.

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