scholarly journals The role of search speed in the contextual cueing of children's attention

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 17-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin P. Darby ◽  
Joseph M. Burling ◽  
Hanako Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Contextual Cueing ◽  
Search Speed ◽  
Children's Attention

Maternal and paternal unsupportive parenting and children's externalizing symptoms: The mediational role of children's attention biases to negative emotion

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Patrick T. Davies ◽  
Morgan J. Thompson ◽  
Jesse L. Coe ◽  
Melissa L. Sturge-Apple
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Psychopathology ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Externalizing Symptoms ◽  
Family Adversity ◽  
Children's Attention ◽  
Specific Association ◽  
Mediational Role ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract This study examined children's duration of attention to negative emotions (i.e., anger, sadness, fear) as a mediator of associations among maternal and paternal unsupportive parenting and children's externalizing symptoms in a sample of 240 mothers, fathers, and their preschool children (Mage = 4.64 years). The multimethod, multi-informant design consisted of three annual measurement occasions. Analysis of maternal and paternal unsupportive parenting as predictors in latent difference changes in children's affect-biased attention and behavior problems indicated that children's attention to negative emotions mediated the specific association between maternal unsupportive parenting and children's subsequent increases in externalizing symptoms. Maternal unsupportive parenting at Wave 1 predicted decreases in children's attention to negative facial expressions of adults from Wave 1 to 2. Reductions in children's attention to negative emotion, in turn, predicted increases in their externalizing symptoms from Wave 1 to 3. Additional tests of children's fearful distress and hostile responses to parental conflict as explanatory mechanisms revealed that increases in children's fearful distress reactivity from Wave 1 to 2 accounted for the association between maternal unsupportive parenting and concomitant decreases in their attention to negative emotions. Results are discussed in the context of information processing models of family adversity and developmental psychopathology.

scholarly journals Gaze as a Window to the Process of Novel Adjective Mapping

Languages ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Hanako Yoshida ◽  
Aakash Patel ◽  
Joseph Burling
Keyword(s):  
Learning Task ◽  
Target Object ◽  
Attention Allocation ◽  
Correct Item ◽  
New Words ◽  
Knowledge Account ◽  
Category Knowledge ◽  
Children's Attention ◽  
Performance Results

This study evaluated two explanations for how learning of novel adjectives is facilitated when all the objects are from the same category (e.g., exemplar and testing objects are all CUPS) and the object category is a known to the children. One explanation (the category knowledge account) focuses on early knowledge of syntax–meaning correspondence, and another (the attentional account) focuses on the role of repeated perceptual properties. The first account presumes implicit understanding that all the objects belong to the same category, and the second account presumes only that redundant perceptual experiences minimize distraction from irrelevant features and thus guide children’s attention directly to the correct item. The present study tests the two accounts by documenting moment-to-moment attention allocation (e.g., looking at experimenter’s face, exemplar object, target object) during a novel adjective learning task with 50 3-year-olds. The results suggest that children’s attention was guided directly to the correct item during the adjective mapping and that such direct attention allocation to the correct item predicted children’s adjective mapping performance. Results are discussed in relation to their implication for children’s active looking as the determinant of process for mapping new words to their meanings.

The Role of Meaning in Contextual Cueing: Evidence from Chess Expertise

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 1886-1896 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Brockmole ◽  
David Z. Hambrick ◽  
David J. Windisch ◽  
John M. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Contextual Cueing

External representation and the architecture of music: Children inventing and speaking about notations

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niklas Pramling
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
External Representation ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
External Representations ◽  
Geometrical Shapes ◽  
Musical Knowledge ◽  
Children's Attention ◽  
The Relationship

This study concerns children's representational knowledge, more specifically, their ‘invented notations’ of music. A small-scale empirical study of four 5-year-old children and their teachers working on the representation of music is reported. The challenges posed by the teachers and how the children respond to these challenges are analysed. The teachers challenge the children to explain their understanding and use contrast to direct children's attention towards distinctions and important terms in the domain of music. The children use coloured geometrical shapes on paper and a sequence of building blocks to represent music. By means of these visuospatial representations, sounding and conversing about them, the children are able to communicate their understanding of the relationship between representation (sign) and sound. The role of external representations in the development of children's musical knowledge is discussed.

On the role of working memory in spatial contextual cueing.

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 208-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan L. Travis ◽  
Jason B. Mattingley ◽  
Paul E. Dux
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Contextual Cueing
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