Estimation of percent body fat based on anthropometric measurements in children and adolescents with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Ezequiel M. Gonçalves ◽  
Analiza M. Silva ◽  
Catarina N. Matias ◽  
Sofia H.V. Lemos-Marini ◽  
Allan O. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Hydroxylase Deficiency ◽  
21 Hydroxylase Deficiency

scholarly journals Growth-Related Characteristics of Patients <18 Years of Age with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Due to 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21OHD): Real World Evidence from the I-CAH Registry

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A715-A716
Author(s):  
Mallory Farrar ◽  
Salma Rashid Ali ◽  
Jillian Bryce ◽  
Federico Baronio ◽  
Hedi L Claahsen-van der Grinten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
World Health ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Growth Chart ◽  
Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Hydroxylase Deficiency ◽  
Final Adult Height ◽  
21 Hydroxylase Deficiency

Abstract Background: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD) is a rare, autosomal recessive disease of the adrenal cortex leading to a lack of cortisol production and compensatory ACTH secretion, which drives excess androgen production. The chronic exposure to excess androgen, coupled with supraphysiologic glucocorticoid doses, can lead to advanced skeletal maturation with reduced growth in puberty, premature epiphyseal closure, and shorter final adult height. The I-CAH Registry, launched in 2007, currently has &gt;1500 cases of CAH from 26 countries. Aim of the current study was to identify growth-related characteristics of children and adolescents with 21OHD CAH registered in the I-CAH registry and who were based in Europe. Methods: The I-CAH registry was queried on 8-Oct-2019 using the following criteria: CYP21A enzyme deficiency; European site, male or female, age &lt;18 years; and ≥1 growth-related assessment. Descriptive analyses were conducted using data from all patient visits, with age subgroups defined as follows: 0 to &lt;2 years (0-2yr), 2 to 11 years (2-11yr), and 12 to 17 years (12-17yr). Since I-CAH data are longitudinal, patients who aged during registry enrollment may be included in &gt;1 subgroup. Analyses included standard deviation scores (SDS) for patients’ height for chronological age (CA), weight for CA, and height for bone age (BA) using World Health Organization growth chart data for reference values. Results: Of 232 patients in 10 European countries, 126 (54%) were female and most were from Germany (25%), United Kingdom (23%), Netherlands (14%), and Italy (11%). The 232 patients had a total of 2042 visits, with 44% (900 visits) in the 0-2yr group, 42% (860 visits) in the 2-11yr group, and 14% (282 visits) in the 12-17yr group. No discernible pattern by age group was found for height for CA based on mean/median SDS scores. For weight for CA, mean/median SDS scores showed an increasing trend in older patients: 0-2yr (0.22/-0.06 [896 visits]); 2-11yr (0.47/0.55 [855 visits]); and 12-17yr (0.55/0.66 [278 visits]). Mean/median SDS scores for height for BA decreased with age: 0-2yr (0.31/0.05 [36 visits]); 2-11yr (-0.32/-0.23 [172 visits]); and 12-17yr (-0.49/-0.26 [44 visits]). Paired BA and CA values from 259 patient visits showed a trend towards bone age being greater than CA, starting at approximately 48 months of age and leveling out around 120-130 months. Mean BA was advanced by 9.7 months compared to CA (SD: 21.2 months, 95%; CI: 7.1 to 12.3 months, [p&lt;0.0001]). Conclusions: As previous research has indicated, I-CAH registry data suggest that children and adolescents with classic 21OHD CAH in Europe have advanced BA relative to CA, with height relative to BA tending to decrease with older age. The I-CAH registry offers the opportunity to study a variety of growth determinants and measurements with an option for subgroup analysis.

scholarly journals Does an altered leptin axis play a role in obesity among children and adolescents with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency?

2009 ◽  
Vol 160 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M K Völkl ◽  
Diemud Simm ◽  
Antje Körner ◽  
Wolfgang Rascher ◽  
Wieland Kiess ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Matched Pairs ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Hydroxylase Deficiency ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
21 Hydroxylase Deficiency

ObjectiveCongenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) patients are at a higher risk to develop obesity. The role of leptin in CAH is still controversial. Our study aimed to evaluate serum levels of leptin, the soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R), and the sOB-R: leptin molar ratios in a cohort of CAH children and adolescents, and their associations with clinical and metabolic parameters.MethodsWe studied 51 CAH patients, aged 5.6–19.6 years (median 11.8, n=30 females) cross-sectionally. All patients had genetically proven CAH and received standard steroid substitution therapy. Blood specimens were taken after overnight fasting between 0800 and 1000 h. For the analyses of leptin and sOB-R, matched pairs were built with healthy Caucasian patients for sex, Tanner stage (TS), chronologic age (CA), and body mass index (BMI).ResultsBMI and SDS were significantly elevated compared with the reference population. Leptin levels were not different between matched pairs, whereas sOB-R levels were significantly lower in CAH. Consequently, the sOB-R: leptin molar ratios were significantly decreased in CAH. Correlation analyses in CAH patients revealed significant relationship between leptin and CA, TS, BMI, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. Similar results were obtained for the matched control group. For sOB-R, we found no significant correlation for CA, TS, or BMI in CAH, but we did in the controls. There were significant correlations for androgens within the CAH group. Additional analyses revealed no correlation with steroid medication or metabolic control.ConclusionsOur data show that an altered leptin axis with normal serum leptin concentrations but decreased sOB-R serum levels may contribute to the increased risk of overweight and obesity in CAH.

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