Sa.115. Are HIV-1-Induced Non-Classical MHC Molecules On CD4+T-Cells and Elevated Levels of Gamma-Delta CTLS in the Peripheral Blood of AIDS Patients Two Complementary Pieces of “CD4+ T-Cell Depletion” Puzzle?

2006 ◽  
Vol 119 ◽  
pp. S146
Author(s):  
Sardar Sindhu ◽  
Jose Menezes ◽  
Maud Loignon ◽  
Lise Cyr ◽  
Richard Morisset ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Cell Depletion ◽  
Gamma Delta ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
T Cell Depletion ◽  
Mhc Molecules ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Characteristics of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell and CD4+ T Cell in HIV Elite Controllers

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Herbeuval ◽  
Nikaïa Smith ◽  
Jacques Thèze
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Cell Depletion ◽  
T Cell Depletion ◽  
Hiv Controllers ◽  
Hiv 1

Despite variability, the majority of HIV-1-infected individuals progress to AIDS characterized by high viral load and massive CD4+ T-cell depletion. However, there is a subset of HIV-1-positive individuals that does not progress and spontaneously maintains an undetectable viral load. This infrequent patient population is defined as HIV-1 controllers (HIV controllers), and represents less than 1% of HIV-1-infected patients. HIV-1-specific CD4+ T cells and the pool of central memory CD4+ T cells are also preserved despite immune activation due to HIV-1 infection. The majority of HIV controllers are also defined by the absence of massive CD4+ T-cell depletion, even after 10 years of infection. However, the mechanisms involved in protection against HIV-1 disease progression have not been elucidated yet. Controllers represent a heterogeneous population; we describe in this paper some common characteristics concerning innate immune response and CD4+ T cells of HIV controllers.

scholarly journals Human bone marrow and peripheral blood T lymphocyte depletion: efficacy and effects of both T cells and monocytes on growth of hematopoietic progenitors

Blood ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 663-679
Author(s):  
L Levitt ◽  
TJ Kipps ◽  
EG Engleman ◽  
PL Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Cell Depletion ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Facs Analysis ◽  
Hematopoietic Progenitors ◽  
T Cell Depletion

The efficacy of four separate methods of human bone marrow T lymphocyte depletion was assessed, and the effect of T cells and monocytes on in vitro growth of marrow (CFU-GEMM, BFU-E, and CFU-GM) and peripheral blood (BFU-E) hematopoietic progenitors was determined. Extent of T cell depletion was assessed by multiparameter fluorescent cell sorter (FACS) analysis and by functional studies. Cells staining positively by FACS analysis for one or more of three separate fluorescent pan-T cell monoclonal antibodies (MCAbs) comprised 8.4% to 9.5% of control marrow mononuclear cells (MNCs). T cells constituted 3.2% to 5.1% of marrow following single, sequential, or combination treatment with two different pan-T cell MCAbs (Leu 1 and TM1) plus complement, 1.5% to 2.2% of marrow following solid-phase immunoabsorption (“panning”), 0.2% of marrow after sheep cell rosetting, and only 0.05% of marrow after FACS selective cell sorting and gated separation. T cells made up 59% to 73% of control peripheral blood MNCs and 0.8% to 2.8% of peripheral MNCs following sheep cell rosetting plus treatment with Leu 1 MCAb and complement. Mitogen (PHA, Con A) and allogeneic MLC-induced blastogenic responses (stimulation indices, experimental/control or E/C) revealed a concordant decrement in marrow T cell function after MCAb plus complement (E/C of 3.9 to 9.0), after panning (E/C of 1.6 to 3.5) and after sheep cell rosetting (E/C of 0.7 to 1.3), compared with control marrow (E/C of 5.3 to 15.7). After T cell depletion, marrow BFU-E growth was 95% to 120% of control, CFU-GM growth was 90% to 108% of control, and CFU-GEMM growth was 89% to 111% of control. Marrow T cell and/or monocyte depletion did not alter erythropoietin-dependent BFU-E growth in the absence of Mo-conditioned medium (81% to 95% of control), and the addition of as many as 50 to 100 X 10(3) purified marrow monocytes or T cells to 10(5) autologous nonadherent T cell-depleted marrow target cells had a negligible (P greater than .1) effect on marrow BFU-E growth in vitro. Peripheral blood (PB) BFU-E/10(5) T- depleted target cells were 106% +/- 19% of expected; PB BFU-E growth was significantly diminished after monocyte depletion alone (7% +/- 6% of expected) or after monocyte plus T cell depletion (8% +/- 4% of expected).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

scholarly journals The role of upstream U3 sequences in HIV-1 replication and CD4+ T cell depletion in human lymphoid tissue ex vivo

Virology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 341 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Münch ◽  
Devi Rajan ◽  
Elke Rücker ◽  
Steffen Wildum ◽  
Nadia Adam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Cell Depletion ◽  
T Cell Depletion ◽  
Human Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Hiv 1

W1203 Despite Mucosal CD4+ T Cell Depletion, the Prevalence of GI Symptoms Is Low During Acute and Early HIV-1 Infection

2008 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. A-654
Author(s):  
Thomas C. Lee ◽  
Saurabh Mehandru ◽  
Okebugwu Kamalu ◽  
Lisa Malter ◽  
Martin Markowitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Cell Depletion ◽  
T Cell Depletion ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals CD4+ T Cell Depletion, Immune Activation and Increased Production of Regulatory T Cells in the Thymus of HIV-Infected Individuals

PLoS ONE ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. e10788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Bandera ◽  
Giulio Ferrario ◽  
Marina Saresella ◽  
Ivana Marventano ◽  
Alessandro Soria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Immune Activation ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Cell Depletion ◽  
T Cell Depletion

scholarly journals Activation of the CD95 (APO-1/Fas) system in T cells from human immunodeficiency virus type-1-infected children

Blood ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 1741-1746 ◽  
Author(s):  
CB Baumler ◽  
T Bohler ◽  
I Herr ◽  
A Benner ◽  
PH Krammer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Cell Depletion ◽  
T Cell Depletion ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract Increased apoptosis of CD4+ T cells is considered to be involved in CD4+ T-cell depletion in human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1)- infected individuals progressing toward acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). We have recently shown that CD95 (APO-1/Fas) expression is strongly increased in T cells of HIV-1-infected children. In this report we provide further evidence for a deregulated CD95 system in AIDS. CD95 expression in HIV-1+ children is not restricted to previously activated CD45RO+ T cells but is also increased on freshly isolated naive CD45RA+ T cells. In addition, specific CD95-mediated apoptosis is enhanced in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, levels of CD95 ligand mRNA are profoundly increased. Specific T-cell receptor/CD3-triggered apoptosis in HIV-1+ children is more enhanced in CD8+ than in CD4+ T cells. Accelerated activation induced cell death of T cells could partially be inhibited by blocking anti-CD95 antibody fragments. These data suggest an involvement of the CD95 receptor/ligand system in T-cell depletion and apoptosis in AIDS and may open new avenues of rational intervention strategies.

scholarly journals CD4 T Cell Depletion Substantially Augments the Rescue Potential of PD-L1 Blockade for Deeply Exhausted CD8 T Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 1054-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Penaloza-MacMaster ◽  
Nicholas M. Provine ◽  
Eryn Blass ◽  
Dan H. Barouch
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Cell Depletion ◽  
T Cell Depletion

scholarly journals CD4+ T Cell Depletion during all Stages of HIV Disease Occurs Predominantly in the Gastrointestinal Tract

2004 ◽  
Vol 200 (6) ◽  
pp. 749-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason M. Brenchley ◽  
Timothy W. Schacker ◽  
Laura E. Ruff ◽  
David A. Price ◽  
Jodie H. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Immune Activation ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Cell Depletion ◽  
Collagen Deposition ◽  
Hiv Disease ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
T Cell Depletion

The mechanisms underlying CD4+ T cell depletion in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are not well understood. Comparative studies of lymphoid tissues, where the vast majority of T cells reside, and peripheral blood can potentially illuminate the pathogenesis of HIV-associated disease. Here, we studied the effect of HIV infection on the activation and depletion of defined subsets of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the blood, gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and lymph node (LN). We also measured HIV-specific T cell frequencies in LNs and blood, and LN collagen deposition to define architectural changes associated with chronic inflammation. The major findings to emerge are the following: the GI tract has the most substantial CD4+ T cell depletion at all stages of HIV disease; this depletion occurs preferentially within CCR5+ CD4+ T cells; HIV-associated immune activation results in abnormal accumulation of effector-type T cells within LNs; HIV-specific T cells in LNs do not account for all effector T cells; and T cell activation in LNs is associated with abnormal collagen deposition. Taken together, these findings define the nature and extent of CD4+ T cell depletion in lymphoid tissue and point to mechanisms of profound depletion of specific T cell subsets related to elimination of CCR5+ CD4+ T cell targets and disruption of T cell homeostasis that accompanies chronic immune activation.

scholarly journals Primary HIV-1 Infection Is Associated with Preferential Depletion of CD4+ T Lymphocytes from Effector Sites in the Gastrointestinal Tract

2004 ◽  
Vol 200 (6) ◽  
pp. 761-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saurabh Mehandru ◽  
Michael A. Poles ◽  
Klara Tenner-Racz ◽  
Amir Horowitz ◽  
Arlene Hurley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Cell Loss ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Suppressive Therapy ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Gi Mucosa

Given its population of CCR5-expressing, immunologically activated CD4+ T cells, the gastrointestinal (GI) mucosa is uniquely susceptible to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection. We undertook this study to assess whether a preferential depletion of mucosal CD4+ T cells would be observed in HIV-1–infected subjects during the primary infection period, to examine the anatomic subcompartment from which these cells are depleted, and to examine whether suppressive highly active antiretroviral therapy could result in complete immune reconstitution in the mucosal compartment. Our results demonstrate that a significant and preferential depletion of mucosal CD4+ T cells compared with peripheral blood CD4+ T cells is seen during primary HIV-1 infection. CD4+ T cell loss predominated in the effector subcompartment of the GI mucosa, in distinction to the inductive compartment, where HIV-1 RNA was present. Cross-sectional analysis of a cohort of primary HIV-1 infection subjects showed that although chronic suppression of HIV-1 permits near-complete immune recovery of the peripheral blood CD4+ T cell population, a significantly greater CD4+ T cell loss remains in the GI mucosa, despite up to 5 yr of fully suppressive therapy. Given the importance of the mucosal compartment in HIV-1 pathogenesis, further study to elucidate the significance of the changes observed here is critical.

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