Novel Z Scores to Correct Biases Due to Ventricular Volume Indexing to Body Surface Area in Adolescents and Young Adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail-Paul Cardinal ◽  
Samuel Blais ◽  
Anne Dumas ◽  
Vincent Hamilton ◽  
Eric Larose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Ventricular Volume ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Z Scores

Alternative to body surface area as a solution to correct systematic bias in pediatric echocardiography Z scores

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginie Plante ◽  
Laurence Gobeil ◽  
Wei Ting Xiong ◽  
Moustapha Touré ◽  
Nagib Dahdah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Systematic Bias ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Pediatric Echocardiography

Clinical implications of mitral valve geometric alterations in children with dilated cardiomyopathy

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1365-1372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiyu Hayashi ◽  
Ryo Inuzuka ◽  
Takahiro Shindo ◽  
Hiroshi Ono ◽  
Yukihiro Kaneko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Regurgitation ◽  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Mitral Valve Geometry ◽  
Secondary Mitral Regurgitation

AbstractWe aimed to elucidate the relationship between severity of secondary mitral regurgitation and mitral valve geometry in children with dilated cardiomyopathy. The medical records of 16 children with dilated cardiomyopathy (median age, 1.2 years; range, 0.4–12.3 years) were reviewed. Mitral valve geometry was evaluated by measuring coaptation depth using echocardiographic apical four-chamber views at the initial presentation. Patients were dichotomised according to the mitral regurgitation severity: patients with moderate or severe secondary mitral regurgitation (n=6) and those with mild secondary mitral regurgitation (n=10). A total of 58 healthy children were considered as normal controls, and a regression equation to predict coaptation depth by body surface area was derived: coaptation depth [mm]=4.37+1.34×ln (body surface area [m2]) (residual standard error, 0.49; adjusted R2, 0.68; p<0.0001). Compared with patients with mild secondary mitral regurgitation, those with moderate or severe secondary mitral regurgitation had significantly larger coaptation depth z-scores (6.4±2.3 versus 1.9±1.4, p<0.005), larger mitral annulus diameter z-scores (3.6±2.6 versus 0.9±1.8, p<0.05), higher left ventricular sphericity index (0.89±0.07 versus 0.79±0.06, p<0.005), and greater left ventricular fraction shortening (0.15±0.05 versus 0.09±0.05, p<0.05). In conclusion, geometric alteration in the mitral valve and the left ventricle is associated with the severity of secondary mitral regurgitation in paediatric dilated cardiomyopathy, which would provide a theoretical background to surgical intervention for secondary mitral regurgitation in paediatric populations.

Relationship of the dimension of cardiac structures to body size: an echocardiographic study in normal infants and children

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 402-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. F. Daubeney ◽  
E. H. Blackstone ◽  
R. G. Weintraub ◽  
Z. Slavik ◽  
J. Scanlon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
The Body ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Echocardiographic Study ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Relationship Of

AbstractNormalization of the dimensions of cardiac structures to the size of the body, using so-called Z scores, is becoming increasingly common in the management of infants and children with congenital heart disease. Current published nomograms for the ascertainment of Z scores for cardiac structures in childhood are based largely on normal data obtained in formalin-fixed hearts. Since decisions concerning management are frequently based on the findings of cross-sectional echocardiograms, the dimensions of 15 cardiac structures were measured using cross-sectional echocardiography in 125 normal infants and children. Regression equations were derived relating cardiac dimensions to the size of the body. The expression of size with the highest correlation to cardiac dimensions was body surface area. Nomograms were then developed from which the Z score of a cardiac structure could be estimated from a knowledge of the body surface area and the echocardiographically derived measurement.

Assessment of left ventricular mass and volume by cross-sectional echocardiography in newborns and infants with tricuspid atresia prior to surgical intervention

1993 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Michael Vogel ◽  
Jan Skovaranek ◽  
Konrad Bühlmeyer
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Left Ventricular Mass ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Left Ventricular Volume ◽  
Ventricular Volume ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Tricuspid Atresia ◽  
Ventricular Mass ◽  
Normal Left Ventricular

SummaryBecause left ventricular mass may be important in judging feasibility of Fontan type of palliation in tricuspid atresia, this study was undertaken to generate data on left ventricular mass, volume and mass to volume ratio in newborns and infants with tricuspid atresia, native pulmonary stenosis and concordant ventriculoarterial connections prior to any surgical palliation to obtain values for “normal” left ventricular dimensions in tricuspid atresia. The left ventricle was evaluated in the apical two and four chamber view. From these two perpendicular imaging planes, we calculated mass as difference between epicardial and endocardial volume x 1.05 (specific gravity of heart muscle). Mass divided by volume at end-diastole yields the index: mass to volume. Data from 23 newborns and infants with tricuspid atresia were compared to data from 30 age-matched controls with normal hearts. In both patient and control groups, growth of the left ventricle was not linear but related to the 1.4 (volume) or 1.25 (mass) power of body surface area. The equation best describing relation between left ventricular volume and body surface area in normals is volume = 60.7(body surface area)1.4−0.2 ml; in patients with tricuspid atresia volume calculates as 96.7(body surface area)1.4+0.9 ml. In relation to normal infants, infants with tricuspid atresia had a left ventricular volume of 167 (135–206)% of normal and a left ventricular mass of 163 (132–201)% of normal. Left ventricular mass assessed in normals calculates as mass = 59.9(body surface area)1.25+1.3 grams; in patients with tricuspid atresia it calculates as mass= 117.5 (body surface area)1.25−0.9 grams. The index of left ventricular mass to volume in patients with tricuspid atresia measured 1.32, not significantly different from controls, in whom this index calculates as 1.34.

scholarly journals Age-adjusted Reference Values and Z-scores of the Coronary Sinus Diameter among Healthy Children and Adolescents in Southern Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 804-810
Author(s):  
Hamid Amoozgar ◽  
Vahid Bazyari ◽  
Mohammadreza Edraki ◽  
Nima Mehdizadegan ◽  
Hamid Mohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Coronary Sinus ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Background: Coronary sinus dimension is an important factor for diagnosing some types of cyanosis as well as congenital heart diseases and insertion of some devices into the coronary sinus if required. This study was designed to access the diameter and Z-score of the coronary sinus among children under 18 years of age. Methods: In this cross-sectional study on 95 individuals, the coronary sinus diameter was measured by transthoracic echocardiography in the four-chamber view at the connection to the right atrium, middle part, and distal end. The linear regression equation was utilized to determine age-adjust reference values, Z-scores, and the relationship between the individuals’ coronary sinus diameter age, height, and body surface area. The study was conducted from March to July 2020 in Namazi hospital clinic of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Results: The mean age of the persons who entered this study was 5.87±4.25 years. The mean coronary sinus diameter was 4.91±1.29 mm at the site of connection to the right atrium, 4.50±1.44 mm at the middle part, and 3.74±1.32 mm at the distal end. Coronary sinus diameter correlates positively with the participants’ age, weight, height, and body surface area (P<0.001). Conclusion: Coronary sinus diameter significantly correlates with the age, height, and body surface area of the cases. These features are useful in diagnosing some congenital heart diseases and insertion of suitable devices through it.

scholarly journals TO OBSERVE THE CHANGES IN VENTILATORY FUNCTIONS DURING DIFFERENT PHASES OF THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE IN FEMALES OF 17 TO 21 YEARS OF AGE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. M. P. Singh ◽  
Dr. Ashok Kumar ◽  
Dr. Manila Jain
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Phase Difference ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Medical Sciences

Background: This study was carried out to see the effects of height, weight, age sex, body surface area and different phases of menstrual cycle (in females) on Ventilatory Functions in young adults of both sexes of 17-22 years of age at Amaltas Institute of Medical Sciences, Dewas, (M.P.). In female subjects most Lung Function values were higher in their luteal phase in comparison with follicular phase.  Difference in FEV.5, PEFR, FEF25% and MVV were statistically significant. Keywords: Ventilatory, Mestrual, Female

Abstract O.62: Estimation Of The Severity Of Coronary Artery Aneurysm By Z-score Of The Internal Diameter In Kawasaki Disease.

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoya Fukushima ◽  
Masaru Miura ◽  
Toru Kobayashi ◽  
Shigeto Fuse ◽  
Tsutomu Saji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Coronary Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Coronary Events

Background: The standard values of normal coronary artery internal diameters in Japanese children have been recently established, making it possible to calculate Z-scores based on body surface area. The aim of this study was to clarify the appropriate cut-off points of coronary artery aneurysm (CAA) Z-scores to predict coronary events such as stenosis, obstruction, and thrombosis in patients with Kawasaki disease (KD). Methods: In this multicenter retrospective study, we investigated height, weight, CAA diameters measured by echocardiography in acute phase KD, and coronary events in CAA patients with KD (age 18 years or younger) who had coronary angiography from 1992 to 2011. Results: Interim analysis was performed on data of the 928 patients recruited from 45 institutions. Body surface area (calculated from height and weight) and CAA diameters were available in 702, 680, and 539 cases of right coronary artery (RCA), left main trunk (LMT), left anterior descending artery (LAD), respectively. Coronary events occurred in 62 RCA cases (8.8%), 8 LMT cases (1.2%), and 45 LAD cases (8.3%) . Areas under the ROC curves to predict coronary events were similar for actual diameter, Z-score, and the ratio of actual diameter to that showing a Z-score of zero in each segment. The cut-off points for the actual diameter, Z-score, and ratio which yielding the highest sensitivity plus specificity were 6.3 mm, 9.6, and 3.9 times for RCA; 7.4 mm, 11.1, and 2.8 times for LMT; and 5.3 mm, 8.9, and 3.5 times for LAD. Conclusions: We identified cut-off Z-scores for CAA diameters useful for coronary events prediction. Attention should be paid to coronary events when the Z-score for CAA diameter is over 10.

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