Association Between Circulating Oxidized LDL and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Meta-analysis of Observational Studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 1624-1632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shen Gao ◽  
Dong Zhao ◽  
Miao Wang ◽  
Fan Zhao ◽  
Xueyu Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease

scholarly journals Mechanisms Linking Periodontal Disease and Cardiovascular Disease: A Review and Update

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-24
Author(s):  
Kamalkishor Mankar ◽  
Pranjali Bawankar
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Included Review ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Keywords Coronary Artery Disease

Aim: To present review of current literature regarding association between periodontal and cardiovascular diseases and the mechanisms involved in the association. Materials and Methods: Thorough search was carried out on PUBMED, MEDLINE databases and Google on the association between periodontal disease and cardiovascular diseases and the mechanisms involved selected literature included review articles, observational studies, case control studies, randomized control trials and meta-analysis. Priority was placed on papers published within last 10 years. Brief description of periodontal disease and atherosclerosis underlying pathophysiology has also been included. Results and Conclusion: Preponderance of data appears to support the concept that a potential link does exist between periodontal disease and CVD independent of confounding factors. Interventional trials have shown that periodontal therapy is associated with reduction in surrogate markers of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Prospective interventional studies are required to determine the exact link between PD and CVD as well as to evaluate whether periodontal treatment may reduce the risk of developing CVD. Clinical Significance Pre assessment of developing cardiovascular disease using biomarkers can help in diagnosis of developing or worsening periodontal diseases at earlier stages and can aid in providing screening services and advice to seek immediate dental care. Keywords: Coronary Artery Disease, Chronic Periodontitis, Interrelationship, Periodontal disease, Systemic conditions.

scholarly journals Association of Epicardial Adipose Tissue with Essential Hypertension: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyu Zou ◽  
Yingrui Li ◽  
Qiang She ◽  
Bin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
New Information ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background and aims: Increased epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) has been proposed as a risk factor for essential hypertension (EH). The aim of this study was to investigate the association of EAT with EH.Methods and results: PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were systematically reviewed to identify relevant studies assessing the association of EAT thickness (EAT-t) and volume (EAT-v) with EH. There were 39 observational studies and 8,983 subjects included in the meta-analysis. The analysis indicated that hypertensive patients had a higher mean of EAT-t (SMD=0.64, 95% CI: 0.44-0.83, p<0.001) and EAT-v (SMD: 0.69, 95% CI:0.34-0.1.05, p<0.001) than normotensive individuals. Accordingly, we calculated pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association of EAT with EH, and the results showed that EAT-t (OR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.09–2.33, P<0.001) and EAT-v (OR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.33–2.19, P<0.001) were associated with essential hypertension. Additionally, higher mean of EAT-t (SMD=0.85, 95% CI=0.49-0.1.21, p<0.001) and EAT-v (SMD=0.83, 95% CI=0.31-1.34, p=0.002) were found in non-dipper hypertensive patients than those in dipper patients, but we didn’t find significant difference in EAT-t among patients with different grades of hypertension. We also investigated the association of EAT with complications in hypertensive patients, and the results showed that EAT was increased in patients with arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) or cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction than those without. Conclusions: The increase in EAT was associated with the occurrence and complications of EH. The findings provide new information regarding the occurrence and complications of EH.

scholarly journals Cholesterol Efflux Capacity and Its Association With Adverse Cardiovascular Events: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane J. Lee ◽  
Gerald Chi ◽  
Clara Fitzgerald ◽  
Syed Hassan A. Kazmi ◽  
Arzu Kalayci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Cholesterol Efflux ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cardiovascular Outcomes ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cholesterol Efflux Capacity

Background: Serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are inversely associated with cardiovascular disease events. Yet, emerging evidence suggests that it is the functional properties of HDL, in particular, reverse cholesterol transport, which is a key protective mechanism mediating cholesterol removal from macrophage cells and reducing plaque lipid content. Cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) measures the capacity of HDL to perform this function. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to explore the association of CEC and adverse cardiovascular events.Methods: A comprehensive literature review of Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science Core Collection from inception to September 2019 was performed for all studies that examined the association between CEC and cardiovascular outcomes. The primary outcome was adverse cardiovascular events, which were inclusive of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) or mortality.Results: A total of 20 trials were included. Compared with low CEC levels, high CEC levels were associated with a 37% lower risk of adverse cardiovascular events (crude RR = 0.63; 95% CI, 0.52–0.76; P &lt; 0.00001). Every SD increase of CEC was associated with a 20% lower risk of adverse cardiovascular events (HR = 0.80; 95% CI, 0.66–0.97; P = 0.02). The association remained significant after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors, medications, and HDL-C levels (HR = 0.76; 95% CI, 0.63–0.91; P = 0.004). A significant CEC-endpoint relationship was observed (P = 0.024) such that for every 0.1 unit increase in CEC, there was a 5% reduced risk for adverse cardiovascular events (RR = 0.95; 95% CI, 0.91–0.99).Conclusions: Higher CEC is associated with lower adverse cardiovascular outcomes. These findings warrant further research on whether CEC is merely a biomarker or a mechanism that could be targeted as a pharmacologic intervention for improving clinical outcomes.PROSPERO Registration Number: CRD42020146681; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/.

scholarly journals Selenium and the risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis of prospective observational studies and randomized controlled trials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hualei Sun ◽  
Shao Rong Long ◽  
Gaiyun Chen ◽  
Yajuan Wang ◽  
Rui Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Serum Selenium ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Significant Inverse Association ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Abstract BackgroundThis meta-analysis of prospective observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was carried out to explore the association between selenium and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality.Methods and Study DesignWe searched the PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science database for eligible studies which included the relationship between selenium and the outcomes of interest. 25 prospective observational studies and 9 RCTs were included in our meta-analysis.ResultsThe observational studies showed that there was a significant inverse association between serum selenium and the risk of CVD (RR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.68–0.89), coronary heart disease (CHD) (RR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.58–0.95) and all-cause mortality (RR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.71–0.84). We also found a significant inverse association between selenium supplements and the risk of total CVD (RR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.62–0.98) and all-cause mortality (RR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.65-1.00) in RCTs studies.ConclusionsOur meta-analysis found a significant inverse association between selenium and CVD, CHD, and all-cause mortality in prospective observational studies and RCTs, which indicate the selenium has protective effect in cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality.

scholarly journals Association of industry ties with outcomes of studies examining the effect of wholegrain foods on cardiovascular disease and mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e022912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Chartres ◽  
Alice Fabbri ◽  
Sally McDonald ◽  
Jessica Turton ◽  
Margaret Allman-Farinelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Industry Sponsorship ◽  
Nutrition Research

ObjectiveTo determine if observational studies examining the association of wholegrain foods with cardiovascular disease (CVD) with food industry sponsorship and/or authors with conflicts of interest (COI) with the food industry are more likely to have results and/or conclusions that are favourable to industry than those with no industry ties, and to determine whether studies with industry ties differ in their risk of bias compared with studies with no industry ties.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Data sourcesWe searched eight databases from 1997 to 2017 and hand searched the reference lists of included studies.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesCohort and case–control studies that quantitatively examined the association of wholegrains or wholegrain foods with CVD outcomes in healthy adults or children.Results21 of the 22 studies had a serious or critical risk of bias. Studies with industry ties more often had favourable results compared with those with no industry ties, but the Confidence Interval (CI) was wide, Risk Ratio (RR)=1.44 (95% CI 0.88 to 2.35). The same association was found for study conclusions. We did not find a difference in effect size (magnitude of RRs) between studies with industry ties, RR=0.77 (95% CI 0.58 to 1.01) and studies with no industry ties, RR=0.85 (95% CI 0.73 to 1.00) (p=0.50) I20%. These results were comparable for studies that measured the magnitude using Hazard Ratios (HR); industry ties HR=0.82 (95% CI 0.76 to 0.88) versus no industry ties HR=0.86 (95% CI 0.81 to 0.91) (p=0.34) I20%.ConclusionsWe did not establish that the presence of food industry sponsorship or authors with a COI with the food industry was associated with results or conclusions that favour industry sponsors. The association of food industry sponsorship or authors with a COI with the food industry and favourable results or conclusions is uncertain. However, our analysis was hindered by the low level of COI disclosure in the included studies. Our findings support international reforms to improve the disclosure and management of COI in nutrition research. Without such disclosures, it will not be possible to determine if the results of nutrition research are free of food industry influences and potential biases.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017055841.

Mediterranean diet and cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Rosato ◽  
Norman J. Temple ◽  
Carlo La Vecchia ◽  
Giorgio Castellan ◽  
Alessandra Tavani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis
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